Chem Comp- Surfactants, Humectants, Buffers, Anticoagulants, solutions, dyes, deodorants, osmotic qualities, germicides

surfactants

(surface tension reducers/wetting agents/penetrating agents) — chemicals that will reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid and thereby enable it to flow through smaller apertures (aids in penetration)

deodorant

Benzaldehyde is a

Examples of Buffers

Borax Sodium Phosphate Citrate EDTA

buffer

Chemical that resists changes in pH

dyes

Cosmetic fluids generally contain..

Examples of Dyes

Eosine, ponceau red, and erythrosine (cudbear)

a humectant (less concentrated, softening solution)

For an emaciated body, the embalmer should use

Examples of Humectants

Glycerol/Glycol Sorbitol Lanolin

hypertonic solution which will remove more fluid from tissues.

If the deceased has edema, the embalmer should use a....

Blood Clots

Mineral that cause hard water also creates problems in embalming because they promote

surfactant

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is a

anticoagulants

Some buffers are used as

buffer

Substance that in solution are capable of neutralizing, within limits, both acids and bases and thereby maintaining the original, constant pH, of the solution.

surfactants or surface active agents

Sulfonates are

Low surface tension liquids spread over a greater area

Surface tension is important to disinfection because

Anticoagulants

What binds to calcium (they also bind to magnesium and iron, but there is not enough iron to cause clotting) iron is most often responsible for hard water

BCME- carcinogen

What is produced when bleach is mixed with HCHO

Solution

a homogeneous mixture of one or more substances (solutes) dissolved in a sufficient quantity of solvent.

sodium hypochlorite (household bleach)

a strong disinfectant. used for cleaning equipment

solute

a substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution; the component of a solution present in a lesser amount

solvent

a substance that does the dissolving in a solution; the component of a solution present in a greater amount

no active dyes

cavity fluids have...

Humectants

chemicals that increase the capability of embalmed tissues to retain moisture

concentrated

contains a relatively large amount of solute

saturated

contains all the solute the solvent can hold at a certain temperature and pressure

supersaturated

contains more of the solute than the solution is normally able to hold

hypertonic

contains more solute than a solution that it is compared to

a high index solution (hypertonic) renal failure/uremia would indicate large amounts of ammonia in the tissue

for anasarca and renal failure, an embalmer should use

sodium hypochlorite

household bleach.

Paradichlorobenzene

is added to embalming fluids to prevent mildew and mold (it is also added to deodorants)

Methyl salicylate (Oil of Wintergreen)

neutralizes ptomaines

Slightly Hypotonic

solutions for normal bodies are

Quaternary ammonium compounds

surface-active agents that are generally used for disinfection of skin, oral and nasal cavities, as well as instruments.

Anticoagulants

used to keep the blood in the liquid state; chemicals that retard the tendency of the blood to become more viscous (form clots) by natural post mortem processes and/or prevent any other adverse reactions from occurring between the blood and the other embalming chemicals (Buffers, such as sodium citrate, are used in arterial fluids as anticoagulants)