Chem

Which of the following statements correctly describe the general characteristics of a covalent bond? Select all that apply.

*The covalent bond involves the attraction between the nucleus of each atom and the electrons of the other. *A covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between two atoms.

Which of the following statements correctly describe the format used to represent an ionic compound? Select all that apply.

-Subscripts in the formula for an ionic compound are always reduced to the simplest ratio -The number of atoms/ions in the formula is indicated by a subscripts -In the formula of an ionic compound the cation is always placed first

When the elements Mg and Cl form an ionic bond, Mg loses__________electron(s) from the 3s orbital to form the Mg2+ cation. Cl gains __________ electron(s) in the 3p orbital to form the Cl- anion. Since the total number of electrons lost always equals the total number of electrons gained, the compound formed will contain_________ Mg2+ ion(s) for every ________Cl- ion(s). Fill in the blanks with the appropriate numbers.

2 1 1 2

A ball-and-stick model of the molecule serine is shown here. The molecular formula for this compound is given by C H N O . Enter ALL digits, including the digit 1 if required. (You do not need to use subscripts to enter these numbers.) Carbon atoms are black, H atoms are white, O atoms are red, and N atoms are blue.

3 7 1 3

A cation is smaller than its parent atom, whereas an anion is larger. Which of the following statements correctly explain this observation? Select all that apply.

A cation is smaller than its parent atom because the attraction of the nucleus for the remaining electrons is greater. The most common cation formed by a main group element is smaller than its parent atom because it has lost its outer electron shell. When an atom gains one or more electrons, its radius increases due to electron-electron repulsions.

Which of the following statements correctly describe compounds? Select all that apply.

A compound contains a fixed number of atoms in its formula. A compound has a fixed mass ratio of its components. A compound is a pure substance.

Which of the following statements correctly defines a molecule?

A molecule is an independent structure consisting of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.

Match each representation of a water molecule with the correct description.

A- molecular formula B- structural formula C- ball and stick model D- space filling model

Which of the following statements correctly describe ionic bonding? Select all that apply.

An ionic bond is the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from the metal to the nonmetal.

Consider the formation of an ionic bond between the elements potassium (K) and chlorine (Cl). Which of the following statements describe this process correctly? Select all that apply.

Both the K+ and Cl- ions have full outer shells containing 8 electrons. The total number of electrons lost equals the total number of electrons gained. K loses one electron from its 4s orbital to form a K+ cation.

How is a monatomic main group cation properly named?

By adding the word ion to the name of the element

Which of the following combinations will result in an ionic compound with a balanced number of positive and negative charges? Select all that apply.

Ca2+ and 2 F- 2 Li+ and S2- Na+ and Br-

Arrange the following ionic compounds in order of increasing lattice energy (increasing strength of the ionic bond) based on general trends in lattice energy. Start with the compound that has the lowest lattice energy at the top of the list.

CaBr2 MgCl2 Li2O

Which of the following formulas for ionic compounds are correct? Select all that apply

Cao Ca3N2 Na2S

Without reference to Figure 4.13, list the following species in order of increasing radius, with the species with the smallest radius at the top of the list.

F F- O2- N3-

Which of the following statements correctly describe how to name an ionic compound? Select all that apply.

For a monatomic anion, the element name is changed to end in -ide. The cation is named first and the anion second.

Which of the following statements correctly describe the trends in ionic size? Select all that apply.

Ionic size increases down a group on the periodic table. Anions are larger than their parent atom.

The bond typically observed when a metal bonds to a nonmetal is the _____ bond. The metal atom _____ one or more valence electrons while the nonmetal _____ electrons.

Ionic, Loses, Gains

Match each of the following elements with the correct number of electrons lost or gained to form its most common ion.

K , loses 1 electron Cl, gains 1 Mg, loses 2 S, gains 2

Which of the following options correctly describe lattice energy? Select all that apply.

Lattice energy is the energy required to separate 1 mol of an ionic solid into gaseous ions. Lattice energy proves a measure of the strength of an ionic bond.

Arrange the following ionic compounds in order of decreasing lattice energy (decreasing strength of the ionic bond) based on general periodic trends. Start by placing the compound with the highest lattice energy at the top of the list. Position 1 of 3 Na2O incorrect toggle button unavailable Na2O

MgO Na2O KBr

Which of the following metal ion electron configurations is incorrect?

Mn4+ [Ar]4d3

Match each monatomic ion with its correct electron configuration.

Pd2+ matches [Kr]4d8 Zn2+ matches [Ar]3d10 Ti2+ matches [Ar]3d2 Mn2+ matches [Ar]3d5

List the following species in order of increasing size, starting with the atom/ion with the smallest radius on top to the largest at the bottom.

Rb+ Kr Br- Se2-

Predict the arrangement of the following isoelectronic ions in increasing size (with the smallest at the bottom).

S2- K+ Ca2+ Sc3+

Which of the following options correctly describe the general trends followed by elements when they form ions? Select all that apply.

The charge of a main group cation is equal to its group number, Noble gases do not usually form ions, Metal generally form cations.

Which of the following statements correctly describe how to determine the charge of a monatomic ion using the periodic table? Select all that apply.

The charge of most transition metal cations cannot readily be predicted from the periodic table. Elements that form cations in Groups 1 to 3 form ions with a charge equal to the group number. Zn always forms the Zn2+ ion.

Which of the following factors affect the magnitude of the lattice energy for an ionic compound? Select all that apply.

The charges of the ions The size of the ions

Consider the formula for the ionic compound Na2O. Which of the following statements correctly interpret this formula? Select all that apply.

The compound consists 2 Na ions for every 02 ion The cation in this compound is Na

Which of the following statements correctly describe a molecular formula? Select all that apply.

The molecular formula CH4 represents a molecule that contains 1 carbon atom and 4 hydrogen atoms. Subscripts in the molecular formula indicate the number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound.

What does it mean if two species are isoelectronic? Select all that apply.

They have the same number of electrons. They have the same electron configuration.

Which statement about naming cations of main group metals is correct?

When a metal forms a cation, the word ion is added to the name, without changing the name of the metal.

Select the correct electron configuration for Sn4+.

[Kr]4d10

Which of the following Lewis dot symbols correctly represent each element? Select all that apply. (one with the hydrogen pic)

a, c, e

Match each type of ion with the statement that correctly describes how to determine its charge using the periodic table.

anions - The ion charge is calculated by subtracting 8 main group cations - The ion charge equals the group number

Which of the following Lewis dot symbols correctly represent each element? (with N)

b, c, e

A molecule is an independent structure composed of two or more atoms chemically. A molecule composed of two atoms of the same element is called a homonuclear diatomic molecule.

bonded diatomic

When naming a binary ionic compound, the is always named first and the second. To name the anion, the root of the nonmetal name is added to the suffix -. The anion O2- is therefore named .

cation anion -ide Oxide

The ionic compound CrCl3 is correctly named _____.

chromium(III) chloride

The compound Cu2O is correctly named ______.

copper(I) oxide

The bond formed between two nonmetals, which are usually very similar in their tendency to lose or gain electrons, is a(n) _____ bond. This bond involves the _____ of one or more electron pairs between the two atoms.

covalent, sharing

The lattice energy of an ionic compound tends to _____ as ionic size increases and tends to _____ as the charge of one or both of the ions increases, although the arrangement of the ions in the solid also plays a role. NaCl will, therefore, have a _____ lattice energy than NaBr but a _____ lattice energy than Na2O.

decrease, increase, greater, lower

When an electron is removed from an atom the atomic radius decreases and when an electron is added the atomic radius increases. This is due in large part to changes in _____.

electron-electron repulsions

Match each type of chemical formula with the correct definition.

empirical formula- the simplest whole number ratio molecular formula- actual number of atoms of each element structural formula- shows the relative placement and connections

Give the name of the ion most commonly formed by each of the following elements

fluoride chloride

Mg2+, Na+, and F- all have the same electron configuration as Ne, and are described as being _____ with Ne and with each other.

isoelectronic

The amount of energy required to separate 1 mole of ions in a crystalline solid into separate gaseous ions is called _____ energy. This energy provides a measure of the strength of a(n) _____ bond, since the stronger the bond, the _____ the amount of energy required to break it.

lattice; ionic; greater

The _______ formula shows the exact number of atoms of each element in one molecule of compound.

molecular

The compound MgS is correctly named magnesium

sulfide

A compound consists of atoms () or more different () that are chemically bonded together.

two, elements