Chem Review

Compound

- a substance that contains more than one kind of atom - consists of two or more atoms of different elements

Ionic Bond

- formed when electrons are gained and lost from atoms - the force of attraction between the opposite charges of the ions in an ionic compound

Unique properties of water because of hydrogen bonding

- high surface tension - high boiling point

Water

- polar molecule meaning that the opposite ends of the molecule have opposite electrical charges - polar allows it to be a versatile solvent

Number the following items in order from most acidic (1) to least acidic (most basic). Milk Tomatoes Blood Lemon Juice Lye Borax Rolaids Coffee Vinegar Stomach Fluids Pure Water Bleach Household Ammonia Baking Soda

1 - Stomach Fluids 2 - Lemon Juice 3 - Vinegar 4 - Tomatoes 5 - Coffee 6 - Milk 7 - Pure Water 8 - Blood 9 - Baking Soda 10 - Borax 11 - Rolaids 12 - Household Ammonia 13 - Bleach 14 - Lye

number 2 in the formula H2O

2 Hydrogen Atoms

Relationships between matter, atoms, elements, and compounds

MATTER makes up ATOMS ATOMS make up ELEMENTS ELEMENTS make up COMPOUNDS

Sodium Chloride

NaCl

Covalent Bond

a chemical bond that occurs when atoms share electrons

Chemical Element

a substance that contains only one kind of atom

Elements

a type of atom that has a specific number of protons Examples: Al, Cu, N, O

Ion

an atom that has an electrical charge

Matter

anything that has mass and volume

symbol in a chemical formula without a subscript

contains 1 atom of that element

Carbon Dioxide

not an element

atomic number of an element

represents the number of protons

Chemical Formula

shows the elements that make up a compound and the ratios of the atoms of those elements

Atoms

small units of matter

Isotope

when an element's atoms have different numbers of neutrons Example: Carbon-12

chemically stable atom

when its outer energy level is filled with electrons