Chemistry 110 - Final Exam

Which statement concerning solutions is TRUE? a.) A solution is likely to form when the solute and the solvent can form covalent bonds b.) A solution forms when the solvent and the solute react to form a new substance with one uniform phase c.) A solution is a composed of a solute and one or more solvent d.) A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more pure substances e.) A solution has its components non-uniformly distributed throughout the mixture

A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more pure substances

What quantity is directly proportional to the kinetic energy of the particle in a gas? a.) distance between molecules b.) volume of the individual particles c.) formula mass d.) atomic mass e.) absolute temperature

Absolute temperature

What action can alter the activation energy of a reaction? a.) changing the temperature b.) changing the concentration of products c.) adding a catalyst d.) changing the size of the reaction vessel e.) changing the concentration of reactants

Adding a catalyst

To which elements must hydrogen be bonded in order to display hydrogen bonding? a.) fluorine b.) nitrogen c.) oxygen d.) All of the choices are correct e.) Both oxygen and nitrogen are correct

All of the choices are correct

Use Le Chatelier's Principle to predict what happens to the chemical equilibrium in a 1.00--L container when Cl2 is added. PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) <---> PCl5(g) + heat a.) Amount of PCl3 remains the same b.) Amount of PCl5 remains the same c.) Amount of PCl5 increases d.) Equilibrium shift left e.) Amount of PCl3 increases

Amount of PCl5 increases

The rate of a chemical reaction creased with an increase in temperature. Which of the following correctly explains why? a.) At higher temperatures, the activation energy is increased b.) At higher temperatures, a catalyst is usually present c.) At higher temperatures, reactant molecules move faster, collide more often, and produce more effective collisions d.) At higher temperatures, the activation energy is decreased e.) At higher temperatures, more reactant molecules are present and collisions occur more frequently

At higher temperatures, reactant molecules move faster, collide more often, and produce more effective collisions

Upon mixing a clear colors BaCl2 solution with a clear, colorless Na2SO4 solution according to the reaction below, a student observes a white cloudiness form. What is responsible for the cloudiness that is observed? BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) ---> BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq) a.) Na2SO4(aq) b.) BaCl2(aq) c.) NaCl(aq) d.) BaSO4(s) e.) It is impossible to tell without doing the reaction oneself

BaSO4(s)

Which of the following represents an exothermic reaction? a.) A(g) ---> B(g) + 33 kcal b.) A(g) + B(g) ---> 2C(g) (triangle)H = -100 kcal c.) 50 kcal + 2A(g) ---> C(g) + D(s) d.) Both A and B are correct e.) None of the choices is correct

Both A and B are correct

What type of change is represented by the burning of wood in the fireplace? a.) physical b.) molecular c.) analytical d.) chemical e.) All of the choices are correct

Chemical

Gas pressure is a result of which of the following? a.) expansion of gas particles in an open container b.) compressibility of gas particles c.) the resistance of gas particles to flow d.) collisions of gas particles with each other e.) collisions of gas particles with the walls of the container

Collisions of gas particles with the walls of the container

Giving the voltaic cell chemical reaction below, which of the following is the reduction half reaction? Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) ---> Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) a.) Cu(s) ---> Cu2+(aq) + 2e- b.) Zn(s) ---> Zn2+(aq) + 2e- c.) Cu2+(aq) + 2e- ---> Cu(s) d.) Cu(s) +Zn(s) ---> Cu2+(aq) +2e- e.) Zn2+(aq) + 2e- ---> Zn(s)

Cu2+(aq) + 2e- ---> Cu(s)

How is the reaction shown below best classified? 2HgO(s) ---> 2Hg(l) + O2(g) a.) single - replacement b.) combination c.) double - replacement d.) combustion e.) decomposition

Decomposition

For the reaction: CH4(g) + 2O2(g) ---> 2H2O(l) + CO2(g). At 25 degrees celsius, the rate law is rate = k[CH4][O2]. What effect will doubling the [CH4] have on the rate? a.) quadruple b.) remains the same c.) double d.) decreases by half e.) triple

Double

What state(s) of matter is most compressible? a.) liquid and gas b.) solid c.) liquid d.) gas e.) solid and liquid

Gas

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Gas molecules are in constant, random, and linear motion

Glycerol is a very polar compound. Dimethyl ether is only slightly polar. Which statement is TRUE? a.) Glycerol will have a greater surface tension than dimethyl ether b.) Glycerol can form less hydrogen bind than dimethyl ether c.) Glycerol viscosity is less than dimethyl viscosity d.) Glycerol will evaporate at a faster rate than dimethyl ether e.) Dimethyl ether has more intermolecular interactions than glycerol

Glycerol will have a greater surface tension than dimethyl ether

Which statement correctly describes what is happening in the reaction shown below? 2Mg(s) + S2(g) ---> MgS(s) a.) Mgs gains electrons b.) Mgs is the reducing agent c.) Mg is the oxidizing agent d.) Mg is oxidized e.) S2 loses electrons

Mg is oxidized

Air is a/an a.) element b.) pure substance c.) compound d.) molecule e.) mixture

Mixture

What is the formula of the compound sulfur trioxide? a.) S30 b.) S3O^2- c.) SO3 d.) S(O2)3 e.) S3O2

SO3

One milliliter is equivalent to how many liters? a.) 100 b.) 0.01 c.) 1000 d.) 0.001 e.) 0.1

0.001 L

How many molecules of water are present in a 5.00 mole sample of water? a.) 3.01 x 10^24 molecules b.) 4.00 x 10^24 molecules c.) 9.39 x 10^-24 molecules d.) 3.01 x 10^23 molecules e.) 3.01 x 10^25 molecules

3.01 x 10^24 molecules

What is the formula mass of carbon dioxide? [Atomic masses: C, 12.01 amu; O, 16.00 amu] a.) 44.01 g b.) 44.01 amu c.) 28.01 g d.) 44.01 mol e.) 28.01 amu

44.01 amu

If the concentration of Mg^2+ ion in solution in 3.0 x 10^-3 M, what is its concentration expressed in eq/L ?

6.0 x 10^-3 eq/L

What is the number 0.006301 written in scientific notation to three significant figures? a.) 6.29 x 10^-3 b.) 6.00 x 10^-3 c.) 6.30 x 10^-3 d.) 0.006 e.) 6.299 x 10^-3

6.30 x 10^-3

A gas sample is prepared in which the components have the following partial pressures: nitrogen, 555 mmHg; oxygen, 149 mmHg' water vapor, 13 mmHg; argon, 7 mmHg. What is the total pressure of this mixture? a.) 614 b.) 1480 c.) 724 d.) 386 e.) 760

724 mmHg

When a neutral atom loses one or more electrons, what type of particle is formed? a.) an anion b.) a cation c.) a proton d.) a positron e.) an isotope

A cation

When hydrogen (H2) and chlorine (Cl2) gases are mixed, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is produced. Hydrochloric acid is classified as what type of matter? a.) a compound b.) a solutions c.) a heterogenous mixture d.) an element e.) a homogeneous mixture

A compound

Which statement concerning solutions is FALSE? a.) Aqueous solutions have water as the solvent b.) Solutions are homogenous mixtures c.) Solutions consist of solutes and solvents d.) Solutes cannot be filtered from a solution e.) Solutions are always liquids

Solutions are always liquids

Under normal conditions, which of the following would have the highest entropy? a.) solid sodium chloride b.) ice c.) solid iron d.) steam e.) liquid water

Steam

The reaction shown below is at equilibrium. Use LeChatelier's principle to predict the effect of decreasing pressure of the equilibrium reaction mixture. N2(g) + 3H2(g) <---> 2NH3(g) a.) The equilibrium position will shift to the right b.) The equilibrium position will shift to the left c.) The equilibrium position will remain unchanged d.) The equilibrium constant will increase e.) All of the nitrogen gas will be used up

The equilibrium position will shift to the left

For the reaction shown below, Keq = 2 x 10^11. Which of the following statements concerning this system at equilibrium is TRUE? 2CO(g) + O2(g) <---> 2CO2(g) a.) The equilibrium lies to the left b.) The equilibrium solution contains predominantly CO2 c.) The reaction is very fast, due to the high value for Keq d.) The equilibrium system contains almost twice as many reactant molecules as product molecules e.) The equilibrium solution contains equal amounts of CO, O2, and CO2

The equilibrium solution contains predominantly CO2

Calculate the density of 32.0 g oxygen gas (O2) at STP, in g/L. [Molar mass: O2, 32.0 g/mol] a.) 0.800 b.) 0.714 c.) 1.25 d.) 2.39 e.) 1.43

1.43 g/mol

Which of the following measured volumes has the most certainty? a.) 10.000 mL b.) 10 mL c.) 10.00 mL d.) 10.0 mL e.) All values have the same degree of uncertainty

10.000 mL

How many sub levels are there in the second principal energy level? (n=2) a.) 1 b.) 2 c.) 4 d.) 3 e.) 0

2

When the equation below is balanced with the lowest possible whole number coefficients, what is the coefficients of HCl? Ca(s) + HCl(g) ---> CaCl2(s) +H2(g) a.) 2 b.) 4 c.) 10 d.) 5 e.) 8

2

The element carbon forms the basis of study in Organic Chemistry. Which statement about the element carbon is FALSE? a.) Carbon atoms have six protons b.) Carbon is a nonmetal c.) Carbon is a period 2 element d.) Carbon atoms have six valence electrons e.) Carbon is a group 4 element

Carbon atoms have six valence electrons

What is the name and symbol of the thermodynamic quantity that represents the heat absorbed or liberated in a chemical reaction at constant pressure? a.) Entropy Change, (triangle)S b.) Enthalpy Change, (triangle)H c.) Enthalpy Change, (triangle)H and Entropy Change, (triangle)S d.) Free Energy Change, (triangle)G e.) None of these choices are correct

Enthalpy Change, (triangle)H

What are the two principal classes of bonding called? a.) polar bonding and ionic bonding b.) hydrogen bonding and ionic bonding c.) ionic bonding and covalent bonding d.) ionic bonding and nuclear bonding e.) covalent bonding and hydrogen bonding

Ionic bonding and covalent bonding

Consider the following precipitation reaction. Which of the following correctly identifies the spectator ions in this reaction? Ca(NO3)2(aq) + Li2SO4(aq) ---> CaSO4(s) + 2LiNO3(aq) a.) Ca2+ and SO42- b.) Li+ and NO3- c.) Ca+, S2-, Li2+, and SO42- d.) Ca2+, SO42-, Li+, and NO3- e.) There are no spectator ions present

Li+ and NO3-

The ion K+ is formed by which process? a.) loss of a proton by K b.) gain of a proton by K c.) loss of an electron by K d.) gain of an electron by K e.) None of these are correct

Loss of an electron by K

Law of Conservation of Mass

Matter is neither gained nor lost in a chemical reaction

Which combination of atoms is most likely to form an ionic compound if they are allowed to react with each other? a.) nonmetal and nonmetal b.) metalloid and metalloid c.) metal and nonmetal d.) metal and metal e.) All combinations are likely to form an ionic compound

Metal and nonmetal

Which of the following compounds contains a polyatomic ion? a.) HCl b.) MgBr2 c.) Ca3N2 d.) NH3 e.) Na2CO3

Na2CO3

Predict the formula of the compound formed when ions of sodium and sulfur combine. a.) Na2S2 b.) Na3S c.) NaS2 d.) NaS e.) Na2S

Na2S

Which has the smallest mass, one atom of carbon, one atom of hydrogen, or one atom of lithium? a.) one atom of hydrogen b.) one atom of carbon c.) one atom of lithium d.) All three atoms have the same mass e.) It is impossible to determine

One atom of hydrogen

Classify the following reaction: Ce4+(aq) + Fe2+(aq) ---> Ce^3+(aq) + Fe^3+(aq) a.) acid - base b.) decomposition c.) combustion d.) oxidation - reduction e.) precipitation

Oxidation - reduction

What is the correct formula of diphosphorus pentoxide? a.) P2O4 b.) P2O5 c.) P5O2 d.) P5O e.) PO2

P2O5

Select the ionic compound that is insoluble in water. a.) Pbl2 b.) Na2CO3 c.) KBr d.) NH4Br e.) Fe(NO3)3

Pbl2

In the compound below, how can the bond between carbon and chlorine be described? a.) polar covalent b.) ionic c.) non polar ionic d.) non polar covalent e.) intermolecular

Polar covalent

What are the three primary particles found in an atom? a.) neutron, positron, and electron b.) positron, electron, and nucleon c.) electron, neutron, and proton d.) electron, protron, and nucleon e.) proton, electron, and neutrino

Proton, electron, and neutrino

Giving the voltaic cell chemical reaction below, which of the following statements concerning a voltaic cell is FALSE? Zn(s) + Cu^2+(aq) ---> Zn^2+(aq) + Cu(s) a.) A voltaic cell used an oxidation-reduction reaction to produce electrical energy b.) At the anode a substance will lose electrons c.) The anode and the cathode are separated by a salt bridge d.) The cell consists of two half cells e.) The oxidation half reaction occurs at the cathode

The oxidation half reaction occurs at the cathode.

When a heat-pack is activated, a chemical reaction occurs and the temperature if the pack contents increases sharply. Which of the following is a correct description of the reaction occurring in the pack? a.) The reaction is endothermic; (triangle)H > 0 b.) The reaction is exothermic; (triangle)H > 0 c.) The reaction is exothermic; (triangle)H < 0 d.) The reaction is endothermic; (triangle)H < 0 e.) None of the choices are correct

The reaction is exothermic; (triangle)H < 0

Which statement is TRUE regarding the following reaction 2H2(g) + O2(g) ---> 2H2O(l) +137 kcal a.) The reaction increases in disorder b.) The reaction is temperature dependent c.) The reaction is non spontaneous d.) The reaction is endothermic e.) The reaction is spontaneous

The reaction is temperature dependent

Thermodynamics

The study of energy, work, and heat

Which period contains the element sodium? a.) five b.) one c.) two d.) eleven e.) three

Three

Charles' Law

Volume is directly proportional to absolute temperature

What is an example of a pure substance? a.) cherry yogurt b.) Gatorade c.) xenon gas d.) chocolate chips cookies e.) salt and pepper

Xenon gas

Which of the following is NOT a unit for measuring pressure? a.) Pa b.) kJ c.) atm d.) torr e.) mm Hg

kJ

The reaction A + 2B + 3C ---> D + 2E is third order in reactant A, first order in B, and second order in C. What is the rate law equation for this reaction? a.) rate = k[A][B]/2[C]/3 b.) rate = k[A]^3[B][C]^2 c.) rate = k[A][B][C] d.) rate = k[A][B]^2[C]^3 e.) rate = [A][2B][3C]

rate = k[A]^3[B][C]^2