Chemistry Chapter 6 Chemical Bonding Review

1.7

A bond's character is more than 50% ionic if the electronegativity difference between the two atoms is greater than

nuclei

A chemical bond between atoms result from the attraction between the valence electrons and ____ of different atoms.

Ionic bond

A chemical bond that results from the electrostatic attraction between positive and ionic bond negative ions is called a(n)

a shared electron pair

A covalent bond consists of

Polar

A covalent bond in which there is an unequal attraction for the shared electron is

Absorb and re-emit the light

As light strikes the surface of a metal, the electrons in th electron sea

high electronegativity

Atoms with a strong attraction for electrons they share with another atom exhibit

Polar covalent

Bonds that possess between 5% and 50% ionic character are considered to be

Lower in potential enegry

Compared with the neutral atoms involved in the formation of an ionic compound, the crystal lattice that results is

both nuclei attracted to pair of electrons being shared

Describe how a covalent bond holds two atoms together

> EN more - the end will be 8- < EN more + the end will be 8+

Describe the electron distribution in a polar-covalent bond and its effect on the partial charges of the compound.

electrostatic forces between cation and anion

Describe the force that holds two ions together in an ionic bond.

H2

Example of a nonpolar covalent compound

HCl

Example of a polar covalent compound

Sometimes 1 diagram doesn't accurately effect what the molecule looks like 1 resonance show delocalized electrons

Explain why resonance structures are used instead of Lewis structures to currently model certain molecules.

anything above 1.7 is ionic because the electron is transferred not shared

How can electronegativity be used to distinguish between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?

they are free to move (delocalize)

How does the behavior of electrons in metals contribute to the metal's ability to conduct electricity and heat?

ionic

If a bond's character is more than 50% ionic, then the bond is called a(n)

polar-covalent

If electrons involved in bonding spend most of the time closer to one atom rather than the other, the bond is

nonpolar covalent

If two covalently bonded atoms are identical, the bond is identified as

Increases

In general, the strength of the metallic bond _____ moving from left to right on any row of the periodic table.

shared by all surrounding atoms bonds

In metals, the valence electrons are considered to be

negative ions

Ina crystal of an ionic compound, each cation is surrounded by a number of

More bond energy = shorter bond length

Know how to organize bond energy by its bond length

luster, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity

Mobile electrons in the metallic bond are responsible for

hydrogen and boron

Name two elements that from compounds that can be exceptions to the octet rule.

valence electrons

The electrons involved in the formation of a chemical bond are called

chemical bonds

The fact that metals are malleable and ionic crystals are brittle is best explained in terms of their

weaker than the attractive forces among formula units in ionic bonding

The forces of attraction between molecules in a molecular compound are generally

Ionic character

The greater the electronegative difference between two atoms bonded together, the greater the bond's percentage of

It will be more difficult to break the bonds in compound A than those in compound B.

The lattice energy of compound A is greater in magnitude than that of compound B. What can be concluded form this fact?

Formula unit

The notation for sodium chloride, NaCl, stands for

Metals have s orbitals (lower e-) nonmetals have p orbitals (greater # of e-)

Use the concept of electron configuration to explain why the number of valence electrons in metals tends to be less than the number in most nonmetals.

Stronger bonds = higher heat of vaporization

What is the relationship between the enthalpy of vaporization of a metal and the strength of the bonds that hold the metal together?

Electronegativity differences

What property of the two atoms in a covalent bond determines whether or not the bond will be polar?

ionic (cation & anion) Covalent (nonmetals w/n the PAI

What toes of bonds are present in the ionic compound that contains a polyatomic ion?

Lattice energy

What type of energy best represents the strength of an ionic bond?

Do not break

When a metal is drawn into a wire, the metallic bonds

FCs

example of an ionic compound