CHEMISTRY GAS LAWS TEST
An assumption of the kinetic theory of gases (the ideal gas model) is that the particles of a gas have (A) little attraction for each other and a significant volume (B) little attraction for each other and an insignificant volume (C) strong attraction for each other and a significant volume (D) strong attraction for each other and an insignificant volume
(B) strong attraction for each other and an insignificant volume
When a sample of a gas is heated at constant pressure, the average kinetic energy of its molecules (A) decreases, and the volume of the gas increases (B) decreases, and the volume of the gas decreases (C) increases, and the volume of the gas increases (D) increases, and the volume of the gas decreases
(C) increases, and the volume of the gas increases
Helium is most likely to behave as an ideal gas when it is under (A) high pressure and high temperature (B) high pressure and low temperature (C) low pressure and high temperature (D) low pressure and low temperature
(C) low pressure and high temperature
A real gas behaves more like an ideal gas when the gas molecules are (A) close and have strong attractive forces between them (B) close and have weak attractive forces between them (C) far apart and have strong attractive forces between them (D) far apart and have weak attractive forces between them
(D) far apart and have weak attractive forces between them
ESSAY: Explain how pumping air into a bicycle tire increases the pressure within the tire.
Adding air increases the number of gas particles in the tire. Collisions of particles with the inside walls of the tire cause the pressure that is exerted by the enclosed gas. Because of this increasing the number of air particles increases the number of collisions, which then increases the pressure the tire.
When a cold tire is inflated to a certain pressure and then is warmed up due to friction with the road, the pressure increases. This happens because the
Air molecules speed up and collide with the tire walls more often
The direct relationship between temperature and volume is known as
B
A graph of pressure versus temperature in kelvins of a gas at constant volume and fixed mass is a(n)
C
For a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume increases as the pressure
C
Absolute zero is equal to
D
Gay-Lussac's law shows a direct relationship between temperature and
D
What happen to the energy of the system when the molecules collide with each other?
Energy remains the same
According to Charles Law, if you have a balloon inside a car at noon during a hot summer day the balloon molecules inside will increase in pressure.
False
What is the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature?
Gas volume is inversely proportional to gas pressure. As the volume doubles the the pressure halves.
Which of the following explains why gases are less dense than solids?
Gases have faster moving particles that are far apart.
Essay: How does the pressure of an enclosed gas in a rigid container change when gas is heated?
If the gas inside a rigid container is heated, then the pressure inside will increase because the gas molecules will move more quickly and exert a greater force on the walls of the container. The volume of the enclosed gas will not change, however, because the gas is not free to expand
Which of the following changes to a system WILL NOT result in an increase in pressure? A. Raising the temperature B. Decreasing the volume of the container C. Adding more gas molecules D. Increasing the volume of the container
Increasing the volume of the container
If the volume of a confined gas is doubled while the temperature remains constant, what change (if any) would be observed in the pressure?
It would be half as large
What happens to the gas particles when the temperature of the gas increases?
The gas particles move faster as they have more energy.
The higher the average kinetic energy the __________________
The higher the temperature
A fixed mass of gas is compressed into a smaller volume at constant temperature. Which statement describes why the gas pressure rises?
The particles hit the container walls more often as the particles are closer together. Greater force would require a higher temperature.
A given mass in a rigid container is hated from 100 degrees celsius to 500 degrees celsius. Which of the following responses best describes what will happen to the pressure of the gas?
The pressure will increase by a factor of about two.
An application of Boyle's Law is... A) at a constant temperature, as the pressure on a gas increases, the volume decreases. B) at a constant temperature, as the volume of a gas increases, the pressure decreases. C) at a constant temperature, as the pressure on a gas increases, the volume increases. D) at a constant temperature, as the pressure on a gas decreases, the volume decreases. E) A and B.
at a constant temperature, as the pressure on a gas increases, the volume decreases. And at a constant temperature, as the volume of a gas increases, the pressure decreases.
Boyle's Law also states that... A) at a constant temperature, the pressure exerted by a gas varies inversely with the volume of that gas. B) at a constant temperature, the pressure exerted by a gas varies directly with the volume of that gas. C) at a constant temperature, the pressure exerted by a gas remains the same no matter what the volume of that gas is. D) at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas remains the same no matter what the pressure exerted by that gas is.
at a constant temperature, the pressure exerted by a gas varies inversely with the volume of that gas.
The key word for pressure is
collisions
Gases are the only phase of matter that is ________________ because there is a large amount of space between molecules.
compressible
How do gas molecules move?
constantly and randomly
How do gas particles respond to an increase in volume?
decrease in kinetic energy and decrease in pressure
Decrease in temperature causes a ______________
decrease in pressure
Increase in volume then there's a...
decrease in pressure (more space)
As temperature decreases then volume...
decreases
If pressure is constant, the relationship between temperature and volume is
direct
Pressure and temperature have a(n) _____ relationship.
direct
Volume and quantity have a(n) _____ relationship.
direct
Volume and temperature have a(n) _____ relationship.
direct
Charle's law is a....
direct relationship between temperature and volume
A gas will always _____________ to fill its container
expand
A good example of Charles Law is when a piece of metal expands in the heat
false
According to the combined gas law, pressure is inversely proportional to volume and directly proportional to temperature, and volume is indirectly proportional to temperature.
false
The combined gas law states the relationship among pressure, temperature, and length of a fixed amount of gas.
false
Gas molecules can easily be compressed because ___________.
gas molecules are far apart
Gas pressure is caused by:
gas molecules colliding with surfaces
If a gases volume is decreased and pressure is constant, its temperature will
increase
If pressure of a gas is increased and its volume remains constant, what will happen to its temperature?
increase
If the temperature of a gas remains constant but pressure is decreased, the volume will
increase
Increase in temperature causes an _________
increase in pressure
Decrease in volume then there's an...
increase in pressure (less space)
One way to increase pressure on a gas is to
increase the number of gas particles
As temperature increases then volume...
increases
As the volume of confined gad decreases at constant temperature, the pressure exerted by the gas ______.
increases
When air is pumped into a deflated tire, what happens to the pressure inside the tire?
increases
Avogadro's Law- Increase of gas particles means...
increasing pressure (pressure and amount of gas are directly proportional)
Gases are described as having a
indefinite shape and indefinite volume
If temperature is constant, the relationship between pressure and volume is
inverse
Pressure and volume have a(n) _____ relationship.
inverse
Volume and pressure is an ___________ relationship
inverse
Collisions between gas particles are said to be "elastic" because _________________________.
kinetic energy is not lost between particles and is instead transferred
Higher pressure means ______________ collisions between gas particles and the walls of their container.
more
Assuming that the temperature remains constant. How can you increase the pressure of a gas? (A) Increase the container volume (B) Add more molecules of the gas (C) Decreases the container volume (D) None of the above
none of the above
The intermolecular forces between gas molecules are
not significant at normal temperatures and pressures
Avogadro stated that equal volumes of gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure have equal
number of molecules
Gay-Lussac's law is...
p1/t1=p2/t2
Boyle's law is...
p1v1=p2v2
Gay-Lussac's law states that
pressure is directly proportional to temperature
According to Boyle's law, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at constant temperature.
true
As a volume of a gas increases, the number of molecules of that gas that collide with the walls of the container decreases.
true
Charle's law is (math)
v1/t1=v2/t2
