Ch's 16 - 19
Some clinical child psychologists divide children's psychological problems into _____ disorders, such as ADHD, and _____ disorders, such as depression.
externalizing, internalizing
The diseases that cause the greatest danger for death within today's society
feature behavioral components.
Hugo Munsterberg is most closely associated with the field of _____.
forensic psychology
In child custody evaluations, the primary role of the _____ is to make sure that the rights of the child are protected.
guardian ad litem
In about half of U.S. states, a defendant can be found _____, a provision intended to provide a middle ground for jurors contemplating whether to assign criminal responsibility (and punishment) to defendants whose mental status is in question.
guilty but mentally ill
In humanistic play therapy,
he therapist reflects the child's feelings, which may be expressed indirectly through play activities.
The Spanish version of the WISC-IV
includes no change in item content in spite of linguistic translation.
Regarding the prediction of dangerousness, it is generally TRUE that
individuals with more extensive arrest records are more likely to be dangerous than individuals with less extensive arrest records.
The process by which an expert witness is approved for the court
is called voir dire
____ is a cognitive-behavioral technique that is highly supported and recommended for treating children with autism spectrum disorder.
. Applied behavior analysis
Which of the following statements about group therapy is TRUE?
. One advantage of having cotherapists is the ability to foster recapitulation of the family group.
A clinical psychologist conducting an NGRI evaluation is most interested in determining
. the mental status of the defendant at the time the crime was committed.
In group therapy, the term social microcosm refers to the idea that
. the relationship tendencies that characterize clients' problematic relationships in their personal lives will also characterize the relationships they form with fellow group members.
Currently, between _____% and _____% of all felony defendants undergo evaluations to determine if they are competent to stand trial.
2, 8
Chronic pain is defined as pain that lasts at least _____.
6 months
Current estimates (e.g., Centers for Disease Control, 2008) indicate that about _____% of adult Americans are overweight or obese.
67%
Researchers estimate that about _____% of all visits to health care providers result from stress-related disorders.
75-90%
ABCDS to Weight Loss
A (activity increase), B (behavior change), C (cognitive change), D (dietary change), S (social support)
More than 90% of child custody evaluators use _____ during a typical evaluation.
A child custody evaluator typically uses all of the other response choices.
Which statement best summarizes the research cited in the textbook about the importance of family on a child's mental health
A child is more likely to develop a mental disorder if his parents are diagnosed with anxiety or personality disorders.
The notions of family structure, subsystems, and boundaries are important components of the type of family therapy practiced by _____.
A. Salvador Minuchin
A therapist frequently asks clients these questions: "Are your problems present every hour of every day? When they are not so bad, what have you done to make them better?" These questions suggest that this therapist is most likely following which approach to therapy?
A. Solution-focused
The Rothberg family includes parents Mark and Tina and children David and Abigail. Mark and Tina take David to a clinical psychologist because "he is the cause of all problems in our family. If you fix him, everything will be great in our household." If the psychologist takes a family therapy approach to treatment, he will consider the possibility that, in this situation, David is
A. an identified patient.
Group therapists are most likely to encourage clients to examine
A. here-and-now relationships with fellow group members.
Irvin Yalom's approach to group psychotherapy has been labeled _____.
A. interpersonal
Therapy groups may either be ____, allowing individual members to enter or leave at any time, or _____, requiring members to enter and finish therapy together.
A. open-enrollment, closed-enrollment
Which of the following statements about stress and coping is NOT true?
An individual's subjective perception of stress has little impact on his ability to cope.
ABCs of Relapse Prevention
Antecedent Behavior (smoking) Consequence
_____ is an interdisciplinary field interested in the ways in which our minds influence our bodies. A) Health psychology B) Behavioral medicine C) Medical psychology D) Internal medicine
B) Behavioral medicine
Tolerance and withdrawal are characteristic of _____. A) alcohol abuse B) alcohol dependence C) all of the above D) none of the above
B) alcohol dependence
In group therapy, the group typically and ideally contains _____ members.
B. 7-8
_____ is NOT one of the 11 therapeutic factors for group psychotherapy identified by Irvin Yalom
B. Exposure to anxiety-provoking stimuli
_____, feelings of interconnectedness among group members, plays the same role in group therapy that the therapeutic alliance plays in individual therapy.
B. Group cohesiveness
Consider the developmental stages of therapy groups discussed in the textbook. In a substance abuse group, the members have become comfortable enough to compete with one another and jockey for status within the group. In which developmental stage is this therapy group?
B. Second stage
The Conflict Tactics Scale assesses _____.
B. abuse and violence within families
Irvin Yalom
B. believes an individual's disorder is a by-product of his disturbed way of getting along with other people.
Lisa's family is very, very close. In fact, the degree of emotional closeness they have with each other is so great that no member of the family is particularly independent. They always have to be around each other and do things together. From Minuchin's perspective, this family is demonstrating
B. enmeshment.
More than any other form of therapy, _____ therapy is characterized by a systems approach to understanding psychological problems.
B. family
A _____ is a paper-and-pencil method of creating a family tree that incorporates detailed information about the relationships among family members.
B. genogram
Most group therapies strongly emphasize _____, taking advantage of the fact that the group therapy experience is based on interacting with other people.
B. interpersonal interaction
A basic premise of _____ therapy is that by "editing" the "life stories" clients tell themselves, they can improve their mental health.
B. narrative
According to Irvin Yalom, group therapy is most successful when group therapists
B. take advantage of the fact that clients will display their problematic tendencies toward other group members.
Two parents in conflict with one another each make efforts to recruit their child to support their position in the conflict. According to family therapists, this exemplifies _____.
B. triangulation
____ are standardized paper-and-pencil forms that parents, teachers, or other adults complete regarding a child's presenting problems.
Behavior rating scales
is an interdisciplinary field interested in the ways in which our minds influence our bodies.
Behavioral Medicine
Which of the following is NOT a component of the ABCDS approach to weight loss?
Belief change
According to experts in forensic psychology, _____ tests tend to be endorsed most strongly for use in forensic evaluations. A) objective personality tests B) intelligence tests with proven reliability and validity C) all of the above D) none of the above
C) all of the above
Clinical psychologists conducting assessments in forensic settings may be asked to A) predict the dangerousness of a defendant or criminal. B) determine the mental status of a defendant pleading not guilty by reason of insanity. C) all of the above D) none of the above
C) all of the above
The fight-or-flight response A) probably served an adaptive function in the evolution of primitive humans. B) takes place in response to perceived threat. C) all of the above D) none of the above
C) all of the above
Children CANNOT be diagnosed with? A) PTSD B) major depressive disorder C) antisocial personality disorder D) OCD
C) antisocial personality disorder
Which of the following statements about group therapy is TRUE?
C. Group members should be discouraged from extra-group socializing
Which of the following statements best summarizes how well group therapy works?
C. Group therapy works about as well as individual therapy.
_____ is NOT one of the 11 therapeutic factors for group psychotherapy identified by Irvin Yalom
C. International factors
_____ has emerged as a leading figure in the interpersonal approach to group therapy.
C. Irvin Yalom
Stacy tries to enroll in a therapy group for individuals suffering from depression. However, when she contacts the group's leader, she is informed that she will have to wait several weeks until a new series of group meetings begins. Individuals who wish to participate in the depression group, she learns, must attend from the very first session. This depression group is using
C. closed-enrollment.
Although psychological symptoms may appear maladaptive, they are often in fact adaptive within the family environment of the individual. Family therapists refer to this idea as _____.
C. functionalism
According to Yalom, _____, or learning from in-group interpersonal experiences, is at the heart of group therapy.
C. interpersonal learning
Using solution-focused therapy terms, the question "If your problem disappeared, how would your life be different?" is an example of a(n) _____ question.
C. miracle
Exception questions, such as "When was this not a problem for you?" and "When was this not so bad?" and the formula-first session task, in which clients consider what aspects of their lives they want to remain the same, are important components of _____.
C. solution-focused therapy
When providing psychotherapy services to a family,
C. the ground rules for confidentiality should be established with all family members during the initial consultation.
__ stress refers to a syndrome defined by stress levels that are consistently high and unremitting, often due to a hectic, fast-paced lifestyle.
Chronic
______ psychologists can be involved in forensic psychology.
Clinical, cognitive, and social
_____ is the term used to describe a pattern of using alcohol that has become maladaptive and leads to clinically significant distress or impairment. A) Alcohol dependence B) Tolerance C) Withdrawal D) Alcohol abuse
D) Alcohol abuse
According to research, which of the following influences children's resilience or vulnerability to psychological problems? A) environmental factors, including poverty B) parental factors, including low parent IQ C) child factors, including difficult temperament D) all of the above
D) all of the above
Forensic psychology training opportunities include: A) elective forensic courses in doctoral programs. B) specialized forensic tracks in doctoral programs. C) joint degree programs in law (JD) and psychology (PhD). D) all of the above
D) all of the above
Health psychologists can increase compliance with medical regimens by A) serving as liaisons between the medical provider and the patient. B) thoroughly educating the patient on the proposed treatment. C) aiding the patient in bolstering his or her social support systems. D) all of the above
D) all of the above
When assessing a child patient, A) a multisource approach is recommended. B) a multimethod approach is recommended. C) a multisetting approach is recommended. D) all of the above
D) all of the above
When treating children patients, A) the therapeutic alliance is just as crucial with children as is in therapy with adults. B) the therapeutic alliance must be established with both the child and his or her parents. C) adult interventions and techniques should be adjusted for children. D) all of the above
D) all of the above
Which of the following are components of the ABCDS approach to weight loss? A) activity increase B) dietary change C) social support D) all of the above
D) all of the above
Which of the following approaches to psychotherapy has NOT been adapted for use with group therapy clients?
D. All of the other listed choices have been adapted for use with groups
Dr. Dobson suspects violence and abuse in the relationship of his newest couples' therapy patients, Hugh and Julie. If he wishes to assess the situation using a method that is more structured and formal than a clinical interview, he is likely to administer the
D. Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS).
_____ is a type of family therapy designed for adolescents with long-term behavioral and emotional problems that have resulted in trouble with the legal system.
D. Multisystemic family therapy
Which of the following is NOT one of the seven stages through which typical intact middle-class American families proceed?
D. Resignation and acceptance of death
The genogram is an assessment technique used most often by _____ therapists.
D. family
As a family therapist, Dr. Langstrom talks to the family he is treating about their family comfort zone or "set point." In family therapy terms, what Dr. Langstrom is really discussing is _____.
D. homeostasis
Regarding the causes of psychological problems, _____ therapists tend to endorse a linear model of causality, whereas _____ therapists tend to endorse a circular model of causality.
D. individual, family
n group therapy, a client's experience that "we're all in the same boat" best describes the therapeutic factor labeled by Irvin Yalom as _____.
D. universality
Self-instructional training was originally developed by _____
Donald Meichenbaum
Which three factors did Grotberg (2003) suggest contribute to resilience in children?
External supports, inner strengths, and interpersonal problem-solving skills
The _____ controls the release of our body's stress hormone, cortisol.
HPA axis
The general adaptation syndrome hypothesis was developed by _____
Hans Selye
Which of the following statements about Hugo Munsterberg is NOT true?
He practiced family law before developing an interest in forensic psychology.
____ examine the ways in which psychological processes influence physical well-being and illness.
Health psychologists
Health psychologists may play a significant role in helping patients cope with stress associated with
Health psychologists may assist patients with any of the other listed choices.
Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic functions of play therapy identified by Brems (2008)?
Imitative relearning
Which of the following statements about the rights of patients who are involuntarily committed is TRUE?
In 1982's Youngberg v. Romeo, the Supreme Court expanded the rights of involuntarily committed patients to include freedom from unreasonable bodily restraints.
Which of the following statements is NOT true? When conducting a forensic evaluation,
it is permissible to disclose test results to the public if the assessed individual works for a national
Parent training programs have been developed for _____.
many disorders and problems, including those listed in the other answer choices.
Clinical psychologists conducting assessments in forensic settings
may be asked to assess for child custody, personal injury lawsuits, and workers' compensation hearings.
Clinical psychologists typically focus on four basic therapy tasks when providing treatment to forensic clients. Which of the following is NOT one of these four tasks?
Interoceptive coping
Surveys of psychologists who conduct child custody evaluations (e.g., Bow, 2006) suggest that
more than 60% of evaluators conduct psychological testing with the children involved in such cases.
_____, an issue that can arise in forensic psychology, occurs when the person being evaluated exaggerates or "fakes" symptoms in order to achieve some external benefit.
Malingering
is a form of behavioral therapy in which therapists teach parents to use techniques based on conditioning to modify problematic behavior in their children.
Parent training
___, in which multiple types of care are found in one centralized location, have been proposed as a solution for delivering higher quality and more cost-effective primary care.
Patient-centered medical homes
_____ promotes both the mental and physical health of children with medical conditions.
Pediatric psychology
Stephen finds the link between emotional stress and physical illness fascinating. In fact, he is a researcher who studies the interactions among behavior, the nervous system, and the immune system. Of the following fields, which is Stephen most likely associated with?
Psychoneuroimmunology
Which of the following most accurately summarizes the body of empirical research on the outcome of psychotherapy with children and adolescents?
Psychotherapy with children and adolescents produces significant improvement.
____ is currently the single greatest cause of preventable death in the United States.
Smoking
Smoking has proven to be a major risk factor for ____
Smoking contributes risk to developing all of the other choices.
Which of the following statements about social support is TRUE?
Social support is the perception that one has relationships that can provide support in a time of crisis.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
Some clinical psychologists divide children's psychological problems into two broad classes: specific and generalized disorders.
__ is the psychological or physiological response to difficult or demanding internal or external circumstances.
Stress
To which of the following assessment tools the TEMAS is most similar in format?
TAT
Projective/expressive childhood and adolescent instruments include the _____.
TEMAS
According to research discussed in the textbook, which of the following factors does NOT influence children's resilience or vulnerability to psychological problems?
Tactile factors, including fine motor skills
____ was the first legal standard for the insanity defense in the history of the American legal system.
The M'Naghten test
Which of the following statements about intellectual tests for children is TRUE?
The Spanish WISC-IV was normed on children from multiple Spanish speaking countries.
____ has been shown to be both a significant detriment to smoking cessation and a significant predictor of relapse.
The presence of smokers in one's social group
Which of the following is TRUE regarding self-report scales for children and adolescents?
There is a version of the MMPI appropriate for use with adolescent clients.
For both children and adolescents, the most commonly used specific assessment technique is the ___
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
Which of the following statements about general adaptation syndrome is TRUE?
With prolonged exposure to stress, our bodies eventually wear out and break down.
Forensic psychology is best defined as the application of psychological methods and principles
Within a legal system
Currently, legal standards for NGRI vary from state to state, but they all require that _____ is present and operating at the time of the offense.
a mental disease or defect
When serving as expert witnesses, clinical psychologists should
accurately provide information based on available data, whether or not that information supports the case of the party that hired them.
In forensic psychology, a method of predicting dangerousness that involves a statistical prediction based on objective variables, with little to no subjective data, is the _____ prediction method.
actuarial
The relationship between forensic psychologists and their patients is often described as _____
adversarial
Medically supervised detoxification is most commonly a component of the treatment of _____.
alchoholism
Clinical psychologists who consult with law enforcement agencies conduct _____.
all answer choices
When naturalistic direct observation of a child is not practical, clinical child psychologists often conduct _____ to achieve the same purpose.
analogue direct observation
Health psychologists can increase compliance with medical regimens by doing all of the following EXCEPT
applying the operant technique of positive punishment to inconsistent patients.
The Conners' Rating Scale and the Child Behavior Checklist are examples of _____.
behavior rating scales
The purpose of _____ is to achieve control over the body via educating patients about bodily processes of which they are typically unaware. Technology is used to convert some physiological functions into sights or sounds the patient can monitor.
biofeedback
When the client is a child, the clinical psychologist's interview process typically includes _____
both the child and adults who know the child well
A health psychologist who is using biofeedback with a patient is most likely treating _____
chronic pain
The process whereby a person is involuntarily hospitalized because it is determined that his behavior is likely to represent a threat to his own welfare or the welfare of others is known as _____.
civil commitment
Self-instructional training is a form of psychotherapy with children that derives from the _____ approach to psychotherapy.
cognitive
Most of the specific forms of psychotherapy that have demonstrated empirical benefits for specific disorders of childhood are _____.
cognitive-behavioral
The legal case Dusky v. United States (1960) set the standard used throughout most of the United States regarding _____.
competency to stand trial
___ has been defined as the process of managing demands that are appraised as exceeding the resources of the person.
coping
One challenge for psychologists serving as expert witnesses is _____, in which they are asked to defend their statements while being questioned by an opposing attorney.
cross-examination
According to experts in forensic psychology, _____ tend to be endorsed most STRONGLY for use in forensic evaluations.
objective personality tests
The fight-or-flight response
occurs in response to a perceived threat.
Fitness-for-duty evaluations are most typically conducted by clinical psychologists
on current police officers who have experienced a traumatic incident or who are struggling with a psychological disorder.
When Lisa needs healthcare services, she goes to a facility where she has a personal primary-care physician who is responsible for arranging her care with all other professionals housed in the same complex. Depending on her needs, her primary-care physician sends her to a chiropractor, occupational therapist, clinical psychologist, etc. Lisa receives her care from a(n)
patient-centered medical home.
Which of the following statements is NOT true? Forensic psychology training opportunities include
predoctoral, but not postdoctoral, internships that feature forensic training.
According to experts in forensic psychology, _____ tend to be considered unacceptable for assessments of defendants or criminals.
projective personality tests
Clinical child psychologists who practice _____ believe that a child's play communicates important unconscious processes occurring within the child's mind
psychodynamic play therapy
When implementing behavioral observation with a child client, the psychologist should be on the lookout for _____ in which the child's behaviors change simply because he realizes he is being watched by the psychologist.
reactivity
__ represent(s) an economical and relatively quick alternative to biofeedback for pain management.
relaxation training
According to Sageman (2003), forensic psychologists should possess specialized assessment skills, including
skill related to litigation.
When the ABCs of relapse prevention are applied to smoking, "B" represents _____
smoking
According to the Daubert standards,
testimony from an expert witness such as a clinical psychologist is admissible in court if it is reliable and valid, even if it is not generally accepted in the field.
The prediction of dangerousness is particularly difficult because it happens so infrequently. This phenomenon is known as ____
the base rate problem
Health psychologists can help patients cope with medical procedures by
using relaxation training and cognitive techniques to help the patient think differently about the unpleasantness of the situation.
____ is a technique for promoting physical health in which patients write about what they value most in life.
values affirmation
The not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI) defense
was successfully used by John Hinckley following his attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan.
Rolland experiences negative symptoms, including headaches and irritability, when he does not consume alcohol. A health psychologist evaluating Rolland would describe this symptom as _____
withdrawal
