CIS 450 Test 3
What is train the trainer?
A strategy where one group of users has been trained and can assist others. Users often learn more quickly from coworkers who share common experience and job responsibilities
In-House Software
An information center or help desk within the IT department responsible for providing user support and offering services such as hotline assistance, training, and guidance to users who need technical help.
Who actually works with your various environments, who works in a development environment vs who works in an operational environment
Analysts and programmers work in test environment Operational environment includes hardware and software configurations, system utilities, and telecom resources
What is a service?
Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it.
When we record each source of a data item and put it into the system
Audit Trail
Different types of threats that exist
Backdoor, malicious code, phishing, sniffing
What does operation documentation include?
Contains all the information needed for processing and distributing
What is Program Documentation, what does it include?
Describes inputs, outputs, and processing logic for all program modules.
System Documentation
Describes the systems functions and how they are implemented. Includes DFD, Data dictionary's, and object models
What is it called when you review and interface with end users, to ensure all necessary features have been included
Design Walk Through
What is it called when you do a simple review of code
Desk Checking
Various types of reports that are needed, especially for upper level managers
Detail, Exception, Summary Reports
Software Engineering
Disciplined application of engineering principles to the creation of complex, long-lived applications
GUI
Graphic User Interface: Use of graphical objects and techniques allowing users to communicate with a system.
Who is responsible for output control and security measures?
IT Department
Different types of cloud computing
IaaS PaaS SaaS
Loop
In a structure chart, a loop indicates that one or more modules are repeated
Various methods of control features
Input Control, Output Control, Batch Control, Calendar Control,
What does user documentation include?
Instructions and information to users who will interact with the system. Includes user manuals, help screens, and tutorials
Direct cutover benefits
Least Expensive
Parallel Operations benefits
Lower Risk
What kind of software is used to communicate with existing software and legacy systems
Middleware
How the control features control inputs
Output - methods to maintain output integrity and security. (EXP - every report needs a title, date, and time period) Input - Necessary measures to ensure that input data is correct, complete, and secure Batch - Controlling batches of data such as employees time cards at the end of the week Calendar - Allows user to select a date and stores it as a field value
Outsourcing vs. Offshoring
Outsourcing is just moving individual steps of the production process to a different region that doesn't necessarily have to be in a different. country offshoring is the same but HAS to be a different country
Various operations or activities that would be involved with maintenance
Patch, Enhancement, Software Reengineering,
Pilot Operations benefits
Reduces risk of system failure
Flow charts
Represent logical rules and interaction graphically
What do we call it when we are trying to assess risk
Risk Identification / Risk Assessment?
Phased Operations benefits
Risk of error is limited to implemented module, and less expensive than parallel operation
What are companies that develop software for sale?
Software Vendors
Natural Language
Software feature that allows user to type commands or requests in normal English phrases
Different changeover methods
System Changeover - putting the new information system online and retiring the old one Direct Cutover - causes the changeover from the old system to the new system to occur immediately when the new system becomes operational Parallel - Requires that both old and new information systems operate fully for a specified period Pilot - implementing the complete new system at a selected location of company Phased - allows new system to be implemented in stages
what is it called when we create a full featured working model of an information systems
System Prototyping
Input Masks
Template or pattern that makes it easier for users to enter data. Often use in automated forms to guide an unfamiliar user.
Application development
The process of using a programming language or programming environment to build an application made up of one or more programs
Why do we use controls
To protect businesses and consumers from inputting/receiving false or misleading data.
Different types of testing
Unit Testing - Testing of an individual program or module Stub Testing - Programmer simulates each program outcome or result and displays a message to indicate whether or not the program executed successfully. Integration Testing - Testing two or more programs that depend on each other. System Testing - Involves the entire information system and likely processing situations and is tended to assure users developers, and managers tat the program meets all specifications
UI
User Interface - the visual elements that a user must interact with to control a computer
Build vs Buy Decision
When an organization decides that a new software program needs to be developed, they must determine if it makes more sense to build it themselves or to purchase it from an outside company.