cis chap 6 dsm

Data that are inaccurate, incomplete, or inconsistent create serious operational and financial problems for businesses because they create inaccuracies in product pricing, customer accounts, and inventory data, and lead to inaccurate decisions about the actions that should be taken by the firm. Which of the following is not a step a firm might take to make sure it has a high level of data quality?

Using in-memory computing

A DBMS includes capabilities and tools for organizing, managing, and accessing the data in the database. The most important are its data definition language, data dictionary, and data manipulation language. Which of the following best describes a data manipulation language?

A data manipulation language is used to add, change, delete, and retrieve the data in the database.

Database management systems (DBMS) enable an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently, and provide access to the stored data by application programs. How is a database different from a database management system (DBMS)?

A DBMS separates the logical and physical views of the data.

The Design View of a Microsoft Access table displays information about the name, description, size, type, format, and other properties of each field. This type of tool in a large corporate database may capture additional information, such as usage, ownership (who in the organization is responsible for maintaining the data), authorization, security, and the individuals, business functions, programs, and reports that use each data element. Which of the following is an automated or manual file for storing and organizing information about the data maintained in a database?

A data dictionary

Which of the following best describes a data dictionary?

A data dictionary is an automated or manual file for storing and organizing information about the data maintained in a database.

The following is an example of the most prominent data manipulation language. SELECT PART.Part_Number, PART.Part_Name, SUPPLIER.Supplier_Number, SUPPLIER.Supplier_Name FROM PART, SUPPLIER __________ is associated with a database management system that end users and programmers use to manipulate data in the database.

A data manipulation language

A business analyst must often describe the things that a business needs to remember in order to perform business processes. A software engineer then takes this description and turns it into an abstract data model that defines a data or information structure which can be implemented in a database. __________ is a method for documenting databases illustrating the relationship between various entities in the database.

An entity relationship diagram

In large organizations, there is a formal business function that includes developing an information policy, planning for data, overseeing logical database design and data dictionary development, and monitoring how information systems specialists and end user groups use data. __________ is responsible for information policy, as well as for data planning, data dictionary development, and monitoring data usage in the firm.

Data administration

In a large organization, managing and planning for information as a corporate resource often requires a formal function that is responsible for the specific policies and procedures through which data can be managed. What is data administration?

Data administration is responsible for information policy, as well as for data planning, data dictionary development, and monitoring data usage in the firm.

Most data quality problems, such as misspelled names, transposed numbers, or incorrect or missing codes, stem from errors during data input. The incidence of such errors is rising as companies move their businesses to the web and allow customers and suppliers to enter data into their websites that directly update internal systems. Many organizations must have procedures in place to manage these errors. Which of the following consists of activities for detecting and correcting data in a database that are incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant?

Data cleansing

The most important capabilities of a DBMS are its data definition language, data dictionary, and data manipulation language. __________ is a DBMS capability that specifies the structure and content of the database.

Data definition

Which of the following statements best describes data mining?

Data mining is a type of intelligence gathering that uses statistical techniques to explore records in a data warehouse, hunting for hidden patterns and relationships that are undetectable in routine reports.

A computer system organizes data in a hierarchy that starts with bits and bytes and progresses to fields, records, files, and databases. Which of the following is a grouping of characters into a word, a group of words, or a complete number?

Field

The most prominent tool for organizing and analyzing big data includes two key services: data storage and parallel data processing. You've probably used __________ to find the best airfare on the Internet, get directions to a restaurant, do a search on Google, or connect with a friend on Facebook.

Hadoop

Gartner, Inc. reported that more than 25 percent of the critical data in large Fortune 1000 companies' databases is inaccurate or incomplete, including bad product codes and product descriptions, faulty inventory descriptions, erroneous financial data, incorrect supplier information, and incorrect employee data. What is data cleansing?

It consists of activities for detecting and correcting data in a database that are incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant.

Contemporary DBMS use different database models to keep track of entities, attributes, and relationships. Which of the following options is a relational DBMS for desktop systems?

MS Access

Famous Footwear, a shoe store chain with more than 800 locations in 49 states, could not achieve its goal of having "the right style of shoe in the right store for sale at the right price" because its database was not properly designed for rapidly adjusting store inventory. The company had to work around this problem by building a new database where the sales and inventory data could be organized for analysis and inventory management. Which of the following is the process of creating small, stable, yet flexible data structures from complex groups of data when designing a relational database?

Normalization

Several problems can occur when data is created, maintained, and operated by separate divisions or departments. These problems are data redundancy and inconsistency, program-data dependency, inflexibility, poor data security, and an inability to share data among applications. __________ refers to the coupling of data stored in files and the specific programs required to update and maintain those files such that changes in programs require changes to the data.

Program-data dependence

Several problems can occur when data is created, maintained, and operated by separate divisions or departments. These problems are data redundancy and inconsistency, program-data dependency, inflexibility, poor data security, and an inability to share data among applications. Which of the following statements best describes program-data dependence?

Program-data dependence refers to the coupling of data stored in files and the specific programs required to update and maintain those files such that changes in programs require changes to the data.

A contemporary infrastructure for business intelligence has an array of tools for obtaining useful information from all the different types of data used by businesses today, including semi-structured and unstructured vast quantities of data. Which of the following statements is TRUE about data warehouses and data marts?

The data warehouse makes the data available for anyone to access as needed and provides a range of ad hoc and standardized query tools, analytical tools, and graphical reporting facilities: Smaller, decentralized warehouses are called data marts.

Under which of the following circumstances do organizations face the problem of data redundancy?

When multiple groups collect the same data and store it independently of each other

A DBMS includes capabilities and tools for organizing, managing, and accessing the data in the database. Data definition is __________.

a DBMS capability that specifies the structure and content of the database

Before a new database is in place, organizations need to identify and correct their faulty data and establish better routines for editing data once their database is in operation. A structured survey of the accuracy and level of completeness of the data in an information system is called __________.

a data quality audit

An entity relationship diagram is __________.

a method for documenting databases illustrating the relationship between various entities in the database

The conceptual database design describes how the data elements in the database are to be grouped. Groups of data are organized, refined, and streamlined until an overall logical view of the relationships among all the data in the database emerges. Normalization is the process of __________.

creating small, stable, yet flexible data structures from complex groups of data when designing a relational database

A ________ is software that enables an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently, and provide access to the stored data by application programs.

database management system (DBMS)

A well-designed database and information policy will go a long way toward insuring that the business has the information it needs. However, additional steps must be taken to ensure that the data in organizational databases are accurate and remain reliable. Organizations perform data quality audits to __________.

determine the accuracy and level of completeness of data

In most organizations, systems tend to grow independently without a company wide plan. Accounting, finance, manufacturing, human resources, and sales and marketing all developed their own systems and data files. Data redundancy occurs when ________.

different groups in an organization independently collect the same piece of data and store it independently of each other

A computer system organizes data in a hierarchy that starts with the bit, which represents either a 0 or a 1. Bits can be grouped to form a byte to represent one character, number, or symbol. Bytes can be grouped to form a field, and related fields can be grouped to form a record. Related records can be collected to form a file, and related files can be organized into a database. A person's name or age is called a ________.

field

There are data mining applications for all the functional areas of business and for government and scientific work. One popular use for data mining is to provide detailed analyses of patterns in customer data for one-to-one marketing campaigns or for identifying profitable customers. Data mining techniques can be used to ________.

find patterns in data to help managers create forecasts

Setting up a database is only a start. In order to make sure that the data for your business remain accurate, reliable, and readily available to those who need them, businesses will need special policies and procedures for data management. The organization's rules for sharing, disseminating, acquiring, standardizing, classifying, and inventorying information are specified by __________.

information policies

Contemporary DBMS use different database models to keep track of entities, attributes, and relationships. The most popular type of DBMS today for PCs as well as for larger computers and mainframes is the relational DBMS. In the most popular type of DBMS, data is represented as two-dimensional tables called ________.

relations

Developing a database environment requires policies and procedures for managing organizational data as well as a good data model and database technology. An information policy __________.

specifies the organization's rules for sharing, disseminating, acquiring, standardizing, classifying, and inventorying information

Unstructured data is believed to account for more than 80 percent of useful organizational information and is one of the major sources of big data that firms want to analyze. Email, memos, call center transcripts, survey responses, legal cases, patent descriptions, and service reports are all valuable for finding patterns and trends that will help employees make better business decisions. Tools that help businesses analyze data by extracting key elements from unstructured big data sets, discover patterns and relationships, and summarize the information are called __________ tools.

text mining