civics chapter 9 judicial branch

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brief

a written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a case

name the three types of federal courts from lowest to highest...?

1.District 2.US Court of Appeals 3.US Supreme Court

name the two types of cases

1.civil 2.criminal

what are the two main jobs of the judicial branch?

1.ensures that laws are enforced fairly 2.interprets the laws

name the four ways that someone can no longer be a Supreme Court justice...?

1.resign 2.die 3.impeached 4.retire

explain how someone is selected and approved for the Supreme Court...?

2 steps... 1.the president submits a name to te senators 2. the senators decide to accept or object the candidate with the majority vote

how many supreme court justices must agree to hear a case?

4

how many Supreme Court justices must be present on vote on a case?

6

how many Supreme Court justices are there?

9

how long is the Supreme Court term?

9 months

jurisdiction

courts authority to hear and decide cases

what power allows the Supreme Court to determine if something is constitutional?

judicial review

how long do Supreme Court justices serve for?

life

what kinds of jurisdiction does the Supreme Court have?

limited original and appellate

duel court system

made up of both state and federal courts

whose job is it to do most of a federal court judges routine work?

magistrate judge

what vote is needed by the Supreme Court to rule on a case?

majority

ruling

official decision by a judge or court that settles a case and may also establish the meaning of a law

litigant

one of the parties involved in a lawsuit

subpoena

order that requires a person to appear in court

what kind of jurisdiction does a district court have?

original

explain what original jurisdiction is and how it is different from appellate jurisdiction...?

original jurisdiction is the authority of a court to hear cases for the first time, while appellate jurisdiction is the authority to hear a case appealed from a lower court

judicial review

power to the Supreme Court to say whether any federal, state, or local law, or government action goes against the constitution

stare decisis

practice of using earlier judicial rulings as a basis for deciding cases

tenure

right to hold an office once a person is confirmed

precedent

ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision, in a later, similar case

what courts decisions cannot be appealed?

the Supreme Court

nullify

to cancel legally

dissenting opinion

when a justice disagrees with the majority and presents their own opinion

concurring opinion

when a justice votes with the majority, but for different reasons than the others

unanimous opinion

when all the justices agree on a ruling

what president ignored a Supreme Court to rule on a case?

Andrew Jackson

what is the leader of the Supreme Court called?

Chief Justice

what court is the only kind that has trials and juries?

District

what court case established the power of judicial review?

Murberry v. madison

whose job is to prosecute people that break the federal law?

US attorney

whose job is it to protect jurors and deliver subpoenas?

US marshal

docket

a courts calendar showing the schedule of cases in a period of time

caseload

a judges or courts workload of cases in a period of time

writ of certiorari

an order a higher court issues to a lower court to obtain the records of the lower court in a particular case

what kind of jurisdiction does and appeals court have?

appellate

what part of the constitution created the Supreme Court?

article 3

the Judiciary Act of 1789 gave who the power to create lower courts?

congress

opinion

detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a courts decision in a case

explain what exclusive jurisdiction is and how it is different from concurrent jurisdiction...?

exclusive jurisdiction is the authority of only federal courts to hear and decide cases, while concurrent jurisdiction is the authority of both state and federal courts to hear and decide cases

in what month does the Supreme Court term begin?

first Monday in October


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