CJ4365 Test 3

Drug trafficking is the world's third largest enterprise after the oil trade and foreign exchange.

*False*

Like-minded States are in support of the *death* penalty

*False*

The ICC has the ability to *seize* evidence and make arrests.

*False*

The U.S. has not invested any money into efforts to counter drug trafficking in South America.

*False*

The U.S. voted *'no'* on the resolution before the Security Council to refer the Darfur situation to the ICC.

*False*

The terms 'smuggling' and 'trafficking' can be used interchangeably.

*False*

Which of the following Western European countries is NOT one of the top five destinations for trafficked persons?

*France*

Boko Haram rejects all forms of secular authority and seeks to *establish* a Nigerian State governed entirely by Sharia Law.

*True*

Guantanamo Bay's detaining of enemy combatants in military tribunals was found to be a violation of the U.S. Constitution.

*True*

It is common for human trafficking recruiters to be personally known to the victim.

*True*

Nepal engages in the trafficking of minors to use the children for their small fingers in the local carpet-making industry.

*True*

The Human Rights Caucus contends that trafficking requires an element of force or deception.

*True*

The ICC is *intended* to complement national criminal law, not to supplant national jurisdiction over international crimes.

*True*

The organs most commonly trafficked are generally poor women's organs.

*True*

There are currently *two* investigations being facilitated in the Central African Republic by the ICC.

*True*

There is no explicit reference to amnesties or *truth* commissions in ICC Statute.

*True*

Which of the following is NOT a major country from which persons are trafficked to Western Europe?

*Turkey*

Which of the following was NOT one of the U.S.'s responses to the ICC's growing power in the international community?

*UN Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power*

What is the dominant demographic of Boko Haram militants?

*Unemployed, uneducated urban youth*

Which model of trafficking comprises Balkan crime groups who traffic almost exclusively in women and then located them in *Western European brothels*?

*Violent entrepreneur model*

Which of the following terms best describes serious *violations of customary law or of treaties* perpetuated against armed forces or civilians?

*War Crimes*

Which of the following is NOT true in regards to reparations for victims by the ICC?

In *2008, the Trust fund expended $2.5 million on projects in Sudan* alone for victims' physical rehabilitation and psychological support

Which of the following is NOT true in regards to the conflict in Darfur and its interaction with the ICC?

The *UN Security Council* refused to refer the *Darfur* situation to the ICC

Which of the following is NOT one of the four stages that led to the creation of the International Criminal Court (ICC)?

The *establishment* of the *Versailles Treaty after WWI*

What is true in regards to State cooperation and policing within the ICC?

The ICC *does not possess any policing functions*

Which of the following religions have had militant groups that use murder and violence to spread their ideologies?

-Christianity -Islam -Buddhism *All of the Above*

What are some of the ICC's primary funding sources?

-Contributions from State Parties -The United Nations -Voluntary contributions from individuals *All of the Above*

According to the Palermo Protocol, which of the following are included in the definition of exploitation?

-Forced labor -Removal of Organs *B and C*

In which of the following situations do many sexually exploited women typically find themselves upon being trafficked?

-Providing sexual services at brothels or bars -Child/ adult pornography -Mail order brides *All of the Above*

Which of the following counties have ratified, but have not signed the ICC treaty?

-Russia -The U.S. *A and B*

Which of the following tactics were utilized by militias in the Democratic Republic of the Congo?

-Sexual Violence -Child Soldiers -Ethnic Cleansing *All of the Above*

Which model of trafficking operates out of West Africa and trades women and drugs to Italy where the *Nigerian Diaspora* is represented among the immigrant community?

*Traditional slave model*

Boko Haram is against the *rights* and privileges of women within Nigerian society.

*True*

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what percentage of the kidneys transplanted annually are estimated to be from living donors who have been trafficked?

*10%*

According to the Dept. of State's 2005 Trafficking in Persons (TIP) report, what percent of trafficked persons are women?

*80%*

Which country contains the world's largest opium poppy cultivation?

*Afghanistan*

What was the primary transportation utilized by the *Medellin cartel* to transport drugs?

*Air*

Which of the following *authorizes the U.S. president* to use all means necessary and appropriate to bring about the release from captivity of U.S. or Allied personnel detained on behalf of the ICC?

*American Service members' Protection Act*

Which model of trafficking advocates for the seizing of persons living on the margins of society including young *runaways, street people, the homeless, and girls from malls and bars*?

*American pimp model*

Which of the following commits states to *send a U.S. national* requested by the ICC back to the U.S. instead of surrendering him/her to the ICC?

*Article 98 Immunity Bilateral Agreements*

Which international incident did NOT occur during the 1979-modern day time period?

*Attack at the Munich Olympics*

In the Americas, which drug is considered to be most prominent?

*Cannabis*

Which country was accused by the ICC of hosting the Sudanese president twice after the conflict in Darfur?

*Chad*

Which country takes organs from imprisoned persons following their executions and ships them to the United States?

*China*

What is the name of the vigilante movement comprised of volunteers targeting Boko Haram?

*Civilian Joint Task Force*

Which country currently produces about 80% of the world's supply of cocaine?

*Colombia*

Which of the following will become an operate part of the ICC jurisdiction starting in 2017?

*Crime of Aggression*

Which of the following terms best describes a government policy or systematic strategy of inflicting serious *attacks on human dignity* or a grave humiliation or degradation?

*Crimes Against Humanity*

What is considered to be a "pull" factor for the continuation of human trafficking?

*Demands for low-cost skilled and unskilled labor*

Which of the following is NOT one of the 3 ways a situation can come before the ICC according to Article 13?

*Evidence of conflict* being submitted to the ICC by affected individual victims

Which of the following terms best describes the intention to *destroy*, wholly or partly, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group by committing acts such as *killing, harming, inflicting destructive conditions on, or preventing births*?

*Genocide*

Which country is the center for child adoption trafficking with 1000-1500 babies being trafficked annually?

*Guatemala*

Which of the following terms best describes the *informal money transfer system* that operates domestically and internationally which does not rely on banks?

*Hawala*

Which factors does NOT shape human trafficking in the United States?

*Historically lax immigration restrictions*

Which of the following Western European countries is NOT one of the top five destinations for trafficked persons?

*Historically lax immigration restrictions*

Which of the following was NOT a method used by *Pablo Escobar* and the Medellin cartel discussed by the text to transport cocaine?

*Hollowing out candles* and filling them with drugs

What field has been estimated by UNODC to rank second globally in terms of profit?

*Human Trafficking*

Which stage of the money laundering process includes the *merging of illegal cash* into the legitimate economy?

*Integration*

What is the name of the Jewish group that responded to attack on Jewish settlements by planting bombs in crowded marketplaces?

*Irgun*

In which country is organ trafficking NOT condoned and facilitated?

*Japan*

Which stage of the money laundering process attempts to disguise the source and ownership of funds by undertaking *multiple financial transactions*?

*Layering*

Which of the following is NOT one of the three distinct strategies of countering human trafficking?

*Legislation of anti-trafficking policy*

Which of the three groups established at the Diplomatic Conference in Rome wanted a strong court with *automatic jurisdiction, an independent prosecutor, and a broad definition of war crimes*?

*Like-Minded States*

Which of the three groups established at the Diplomatic Conference in Rome was led by *Canada and Australia*?

*Like-Minded States*

Which of the three groups established at the Diplomatic Conference in Rome wanted jurisdiction over aggression, drug trafficking, and terrorism?

*Members of the Non-Aligned Movement*

What is considered to be the third largest enterprise after the oil trade and foreign exchange?

*Money Laundering*

Which model of trafficking is comprised of post Soviet organized crime networks that usually *take girls from orphanages and children's homes* to sell them?

*Natural Resource Model*

Which of the following authorizes the *loss of Economic Support Funds* to all countries, including many U.S. allies that have ratified the ICC treaty?

*Nethercutt* Amendment

Which of the following countries has NOT been associated with supporting Hamas either directly or indirectly?

*Nigeria*

Which of the following is NOT true in regards to prosecution within the ICC?

*No interaction is allowed* between the States and Council to prepare prosecution materials

Which of the following is *NOT* one of the three groups of States established at the *Diplomatic Conference in Rome in 1998*?

*Non-Permanent Members of the UN Security Council*

Upon the election of which president did the U.S.'s attitude towards the ICC soften?

*Obama*

Which of the following is *not* one of the three stages of the money laundering process?

*Payment*

Which of the three groups established at the Diplomatic Conference in Rome was opposed to *automatic jurisdiction and wanted no jurisdiction over the use of nuclear weapons*?

*Permanent Members of the UN Security Council*

Which stage of the money laundering process includes the *depositing of illegally earned money* into the financial system in cash, buying high value retail goods, or smuggling cash out of the country?

*Placement*

What is the name of the specialized wing of Hamas that conducts *guerrilla warfare*?

*Qassem Brigade*

Based on the 2003 report by experts to the U.N. Commission on the Status of Women found that after ten years of anti-trafficking interventions in the Balkans, human trafficking had __________.

*Remained stable*

Which country is known for arrangements between recruiters and orphanage directors to regularly deliver orphans who have reached age 18 to traffickers?

*Russia*

Which country does NOT currently have an ICC investigation in progress?

*South Africa*

Which model of trafficking moves large numbers of persons at a low cost per person, particularly along the *U.S-Mexico border*?

*Supermarket model*

Which of the following is true in regards to the country reports assessed by TVPA in regards to compliance with U.S. trafficking policies?

*TVPA assesses each country in comparison to the Palermo Protocol*

The 1987 Terrorist and Destructive Activities Act was enacted in response to what event in *India*?

*The assassination of Prime Minister Indira Ghandi by Sikh militants*

Which of the following is a main criticism of the ICC's efficacy?

*The duration of trials is too lengthy*

Which model of trafficking is used by the Chinese largely for labor exploitation through rigidly controlling forms of *debt bondage*?

*Trade and development model*

Which of the following non-governmental organizations were present at the Diplomatic Conference in Rome?

-American Bar Association -Amnesty International -Human Rights Watch *All of the Above*

What is considered to be a "push factor" for the continuation of human trafficking?

-The feminization of poverty -Socio-economic destitution -Internal conflict *All of the Above*

What are some of the rights granted to victims by the ICC?

-They can participate in most pre-trial proceedings -They can participate with remarks, written submissions, and presentation of evidence -They can appeal orders awarding reparation to victims *All of the Above*

What do religious and feminist abolitionists believe in regards to women's trafficking?

-They see prostitution as a form of patriarchal oppression that victimizes women -They oppose prostitution regardless of whether a woman consented *A and C*

What does 'Hamas' mean in Arabic?

-Zeal -Fervor *A and C*

Which of the following is NOT true in regards to Hamas and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

Hamas was defeated by the *PLO in the 2006 Palestinian* parliamentary elections