CJEFInal
A single generation of Grylloblattodea can take up to:
7
The hind wings of Diptera are called:
Halteres
Bot fly larvae develop in
Furuncle
The "gold standard" for toxicological analysis is:
Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometery
As a Calliphoridae pupae ages it:
Gets darker in color
Which species is most likely to be used for maggot therapy?
Lucilia sericata
What is the rule of thumb for decomposition rate of buried bodies vs. exposed bodies?
1 week in air = 8 weeks underground
Approximatly how many species of Diptera are found in North America?
20,000
Approximately how many species of Sarcophagidae are found worldwide?
20000
When was Mantophasmatodea discovered?
2002
Using a threshold temperature of 400 F, if the low was 350 F and the high was 680 F how many degree days accumulated over 2 days?
23
A flyʼs lower threshold is 6 degrees. The low for the day was 25 degrees, and the high was 45. How many degree days accumulated?
29
Approximately how long should you leave a temperature unit at the scene after a body has been found?
3-7 days
According to your reading, insect development as an indicator for portions of the postmortem interval is most relevant:
Before the first wave of flies has left the corpse
What allows Isoptera to feed on cellulose?
Bacterial symbionts
Blowflies have how many larval instars?
3
How many seres did Megnin identify on an buried body?
3
How many spiracle slits do prepupal maggots have?
3
How many spiracular slits does a thrid instar maggot have in each posterior spiracl
3
The blowflies have how many larval instars?
3
The dung flies tend to prefer what?
Cattle dung
The subfamily for the new world skin fly is:
Cuterebrinae
Why, according to your reading, is DNA identification not carried out as often as morphological identification of insects?
DNA analysis can be cost prohibitive, and morphological examinations are quick and cheap
What is multivoltine?
Development of two or more generations per breeding season
The seres identified by Megnin in buried bodies consist of which insects?
Diptera, Staphylinidae, root eating beetles
The ______ stage of decomposition is characterized by the reduction of the corpse to skin, cartilage, and bones, according to your reading.
Dry
What is the common name for the family Scathophagidae?
Dung flies
When do ectoparasites leave a decaying body (when that body is on the ground)?
During algor mortis
According to lecture, where are drugs NOT commonly found in Diptera?
Eggs
A secondary myiasis producer:
Is normally free-living and unable to initiate myiasis
When does putrefaction proper set in on a dead animal?
It begins with the onset of bloating
Wrapping a body tends to favor:
Later insect seres
"According to lecture, which is the SECOND largest order in the class insecta? "
Lepidoptera
According to your reading, how do you preserve fly eggs when collected at a scene?
Let them hatch then preserve the first instars
What is the enzyme found in beetles that can produce light?
Luciferase
How does morphine affect larval development?
Maggots are larger and the pupal period is longer
The largest genus in Phoridae is:
Megaselia
Of the following flies, which would you expect to find in a buried coffin?
Megaselia scalaris
Why does frass yield more DNA than other sources?
Moisture is extracted and tissue is preserved in the peritrophic membrane
The Proturan front legs are developed and do what?
Moniliform
The nematocera look like which type of fly?
Mosquitoes
Which organ is used to emerge from a pupal casing in Diptera?
Ptilinum
Which organ is reponsible for the fly's ability to walk on walls and ceilings?
Pulvuli
When you take soil samples, what are you looking for?
Pupae and maggots mainly, and any other insects you may find
What type of insect evidence is most prevalent at skeletonized bodies?
Pupal casings
What type of front legs does Mantodea have?
Raptorial
What does TSP do for a preserved larvae?
Re-hydrates the tissues
According to your reading, the fact that there are specific species of insects in rural and urban areas indicates:
Resource partitioning
The common name for staphylinidae is:
Rove beetle
What is the standard for the determination of human nuclear DNA profiles? Correct!
STR analysis
Those coloeoptera that we most commonly find in a forensic capacity are:
Saprophagous
Flesh flies are in the family ___________, according to your reading.
Sarcophagidae
Which of these is the largest beetle family?
Scarabidae
Maggot that only feed on necrotic tissue of living organisms are said to produce:Secondary myiasis
Secondary myiasis
Phasmatodea eggs are camouflaged as
Seeds
1 / 1 pts Blending waves of arthropods, each comprised of different organisms are called:
Seres
A body in water initially:
Sinks
Why do insects need to be quickly killed and preserved if gut content studies are necessary? Correct!
So the insect won't digest the evidence
Paederus sp. is in what family?
Staphylinidae
Cochliomyia macellaria is commonly known as:
The secondary screwwrom
What happens when maggots are preserved in isopropyl alcohol?
The tissues turn black
You see a fresh body with small, first instar maggot masses in the mouth, eyes, and in the chest muscles. What do you know?
There was a wound in the chest
Why do we think that there is limited information on gut content in Sarcophagidae and Muscidae?
They are less important at the moment to forensics
Larval lacewings produce what type of fecal matter in the environment?
They don't produce fecal matter into the environment
You investigate a body that has a large maggot mass of third instar hairy maggot blow flies. There are no other species present on the body. When doing the post mortem interval estimation, what information do you need to take into account? Correct!
This species is facultatively predacious and probably ate the other species present
What type of insects are attracted to dry decay?
Those that can feed on hair and dried skin
Why do you boil a maggot before you place it in ethanol?
To break down the waxy cuticle
Why do you need to note where maggot masses are found on the body?
To identify possible injury sites
What is a degree day?
Total degrees of heat above lower threshold accumulated in one 24 hour period
Those cone-shaped projections around the terminal segment of the maggot body are called:
Tubercles
Aproximatly how large are Thysanoptera individuals?
Under 3 mm
Where is the ptilinum found?
Under the frontal suture on the head
When do adult silphidae show up at carrion?
Usually within the first 24 hours after death
The stripes on the dorsal surface of the thorax of the seconary screwworm are known a
Vittae
Phasmatodea are commonly known as:
Walking sticks
What is gadding?
Wandering restlessness by animals
What does a high degree of host specificity imply?
long coevolutionary history
Megaselia scalaris is in which family?
Phoridae
Which family contains the coffin flies?
Phoridae
You see pupae that look like the photo below. To which family do they belong?
Phoridae
How do you preserve maggots at the scene?
Place them in hot water then in 80% ethyl alcohol
An adult Calliphoridae with a dusty or dull coating on their exoskeleton is known as:
Pollinose
According to your reading, which substance is the preferred rearing substrated for forensic entomology?
Pork
Which substance may be used to "clear" a maggot?
Potassium hydroxide
Bamboo belongs to which trophic level?
Primary trophic level
An autogenous fly can:
Produce eggs without a protein meal
Book lice are in the order:
Psycoptera
The balloon like organ on the adult fly head that allows the adult to split open the end of th epuparium is called the:
Ptilinum
Where are the clypters found?
"At the base of the wing edge, covering the halteres"
"Coloeoptera" literally means:
"Coloeoptera" literally means:
A flyʼs lower threshold is 11 degrees. The high for the day was 15 degrees and the low was 5 degrees. How many degree days accumulated?
0
You find a body on very smooth terrain. Approximately how far do you expect the maggots to wander from the body?
100 ft
"According to lecture, how many described species of Calliphoridae are there in the world? "
1000
How many instars do ephemeroptera exhibit?
12-45
According to lecture, approximately how many species of Ditpera are found in the world?
120,000
Approximatly how many species of Diptera are found world wide?
120,000
A flyʼs lower threshold is 10 degrees. The average temperature for the day was 25 degrees. How many degree days accumulated?
15
You find a body in very rough terrain. Approximately how far away do you expect maggots to wander from that body?
15 feet
When was myiasis first described?
1840
When was Grylloblattodea discovered?
1915
How many spiracular slits does a second instar maggot have in each posterior spiracle?
2
Calliphorid colonization of bodies buried a few feed under ground is delayed by approximately how long?
2 weeks or mor
Calliphorid colonization of bodies buried a few feed under ground is delayed by approximately how long?
2 weeks or more
According to lecture, approximately how many Phoridae are there in the world?
3500
Mosquitoes have how many larval instars?
4
Muscina stabulans finds bodies buried how deep?
40 cm
How many dead, preserved maggots should be collected from a body?
50-60
By convention, the lower developmental threshold for cold weather or winter flies is:
6 C
Who is in charge of the crime scene (generally)?
A detective
What is distinctive about Anoplura?
Absence of mandibles
Diplura have what type of antennae?
Act as antennae
Flies most commonly diapause in what stage?
Adult or pupal stage
A female fly that needs a protein meal to produce eggs is called:
Anautogenous
Dermal myiasis producers:
Are tissue destroying
What is the common name for Calliphoridae?
Blow flies or bottle flies
Where should temperature be taken at the scene?
Body temp, maggot mass temp, under body temp, ambient temp, and ambient temp several days after
How can you tell Calliphoridae from Muscidae?
Bristles on the meron
What decompositional stage is characterized by a "cheesy" smell?
Butyric fermentatio
Match the blow fly species with its common name as presented in your reading (yes, I know I keep saying common names aren't great, but you're going to see these names in the literature, so I want you to know them! Note: I couldn't get the answers to be italicized on this question. Just pretend they are (and be angry with me that they aren't. :-)
Calliphora vicina=European blue bottle fly Calliphora vomitora=Holartic blue blow fly Chrysomya megacephala=oriental latrine C. rufifacies = hairy maggot bl C. macellaria-secondary screw worm cynomyopsis cadaverina=shiny blue bottle cynomya mortuorum-blue bottle fly L. illustris=green bottle fly L. cuprina=bronze bottle fly P. regina= black blow fly P. terraenovae-birds nest screwworm fly
Owl midges fall into which family?
Calliphoridae
Which family is of the greatest forensic importance (as of now?)
Calliphoridae
Which family of insect is most studied when it comes to gut contents?
Calliphoridae
The Spanish Fly has what substance in the blood that can irritate tissues?
Cantharidin
Why is Spanish Fly known as a aphrodisiac?
Cantharidin causes priapism
Which family is characterized by the first abdominal sternite divided by the hind coxae?
Carabidae
What type of mouthparts do Isoptera have?
Chewing
Which species has canabalistic and predatory maggots?
Chrysomya rufifacies
Which species has bright orange gena, a shiny blue-green abdomen, and three stripes on its thorax?
Cochliomyia macellaria
What flies do you expect to find a body buried 6 feet under ground?
Coffin flies
The largest order of Insecta is (in terms of numbers):
Coleoptera
Larval siphonaptera feed on what (according to lecture)?
Fecal matter from the adults
How should you kill insects that you want to use for gut content analysis?
Freeze kill
The name of this order is a mix between crickets and cockroaches:
Grylloblattodea
"Of these orders, which is most likely to produce honeydew?"
Hemiptera
Bed bugs fall into which order?
Hemiptera
The family of clown beetles is called:
Histeridae
Diptera have which time of metamorphosis?
Holometabolous
What type of development do Brachycera exhibit?
Holometabolous
The Brachycera look like what type of fly
House flies
How does wrapping a body affect decomposition rate?
If it's warm, it may speed up the decomposition, if it's cold and keeps the elements and insects away it may retard decomposition
What is the best way to kill a mosquito you wish to use for gut content analysis?
In the freezer
Urogenital myiasis producers:
Infest the urniary tract and/or genetalia
Myiasis is:
Infestation of live vertebrate animals with dipterous larvae
What is a definition of death?
Irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions
The infestation of a living organism with fly larvae is called:
Myiasis
Where do you go to get officially certified weather data?
NOAA
Where do non-biting species of muscids obtain their sugars (generally)?
Nectar and honeydew
You find a fly larvae with a conspicuous head capsule and opossible mandibles. What suborder does this belong to?
Nematocera
You find a fly larvae with a conspicuous head capsule and opposable mandibles. Which sub order does it fall into?
Nematocera
Megaloptera and Raphidioptera were both once in the order:
Neuroptera
This order does not have a complete digestive system as larvae:
Neuroptera
Which order lays its eggs on silken stalks?
Neuroptera
What do adult bot flies feed on?
Nothing
What is a degree day?
Number of degrees above a lower threshold temperature in a given day
Approximately how many species of Silphidae are there?
Over 1500
Phoridae larvae feed on:
Particles of organic matter suspended in fluid
The characteristic frass of the dermestid beetle is formed from:
Peritrophic membrane
Which order can regenerate disarticulated limbs?
Phasmatodea
Hermetia illucens falls into which family?
Stratiomyida
Ephemeroptera have an additional stage of development that I mentioned during lecture. What is it?
Subimago
One of the most important density independent factors for insects is:
Temperature
A checkerboard pattern on a fly is called:
Tessellated
What is the major concern with collecting maggots from an autopsy?
The body was probably in cold storage
Butyric fermentation is most suitable to the mouth parts of which insects?
The chewing mouth parts of beetles
The two most important bits of information for forensic entomology are:
The insects and the weather data
Which maggots are most important during your search at the scene?
The largest--you want to find the oldest maggots
Why do you need to check the area around the body?
You're looking for wandering maggots
What structure provides support for the head of muscid larvae?
cephalopharyngeal skeleton
Carbon monoxide poisoning causes what color livor mortis?
cherry red
A female fly with fully formed eggs ready to lay is called:
gravid
What do halteres do for insects?
maintain balance
The largest maggots in a mass usually represent:
oldest
"The suffix ""ura"" in an order name refers to:
the tail
What are the dark, longitudinal stripes on the adult muscid thorax called?
vittae
