Clay and Wood

____________ is a process, also known as inlay, in which spaces are cut into wood and filled with wood shapes of a different color

Intarsia

The ______(1)_______ were skillful artisans with ceramics. They developed their own form of ceramics known as ______(2)_______ over 10,000 years ago

(1) Chinese; (2) porcelain

A ______(1)______ is used to spin the clay while the ceramicist shapes it into a form, where as a ______(2)______ is used to fire, or heat the clay

(1) Potters wheel; (2) kiln

What is a meander pattern? Which two civilizations mainly used this technique?

A piece of ceramics that has a meander pattern, has an outside rim designed with geometric patterns consisting of horizontal and vertical lines. This technique/style was mainly used by the Romans and the Chinese.

What equipment is necessary for creating ceramic? Describe each piece and how it is used.

A potter first of all need clay to begin making any creating. A potters wheel is then used in a process known as "throwing" a pot, in which a spinning wheel spins clay at different speeds to create a desired shape for a piece of pottery. A kiln is a type of oven used to fire or heat the clay.

What is "slip"? What was it primarily used for by the Greeks?

A slip is the clay that has been watered down to the consistency of paint. This paint was used to decorate the ceramics.

Determine what each is an example of, and any other information you can recall from the lesson or from your own knowledge of art and ceramics.

Answers may vary, but should be similar to the following: Picture 1: It is an example of red figure painting. This technique was mainly used by the Greeks. Picture 2: It is an example of a porcelain vassal. It was created by the Chinese, who developed porcelain over 10,000 years ago. Picture 3: It is an example of a pottery wheel. A pottery wheel is used to spin the clay while the ceramicist shapes it into a form.

Define and detail the following: - black figure painting - red figure painting

Black figure painting: The original technique, used by the Greeks for creating forms/silhouettes using black paint on terracotta clay. Before firing, they would paint on a black slip (profiles only), and then fire it several times. Red figure painting: This method replaced black figure painting. It was considered superior because more detail could be added. Red figure painting is the reverse of the black figure technique. The paintings were applied to the shaped but unfired vessels after they had dried to a leathery, near-brittle texture.

Earthenware is a(n) _________________

Common material used for pottery and decorative objects. It has to be fired and glazed because it is so brittle and porous in its natural form.

Create a brief timeline for the history of ceramics. Include dates, civilizations, and types in your answer.

Earliest known ceramics: Ancient Greeks made pots for functional use. The Greeks would paint them with elaborate decorations during the 6th and 5th century BC. Circa 2500 BC: Bronze Age bowls and other ceramics 1000 BC (3000 years ago): Chinese ceramics 700-800 AD: Mayan vases and other ceramics

Name and describe the different types of ceramics.

Earthenware: This type of ceramic is very porous and brittle, so it has to be fired and glazed. Because it is porous however, it is also able to soak up bright colors and produce bold ceramic pieces. Stoneware: This type of ceramic is waterproof, smooth, and has a higher firing temperature than earthenware when out in a kiln. Porcelain: This type of ceramic is one of the most durable types, and is commonly used for purposes such as dinnerware, bathroom toilets and sinks, and dentistry (fillings for cavities). It also has a high firing temperature, is translucent, and no-conductive after firing.

Ceramics were first created _______________

For functional uses such as, holding water or to carry grains

Define the following terms: - glazed - amphora - terracotta

Glazed: A thin, shiny glass-like coating used to color pottery. Amphora: A two handled storage jar with a long neck, narrower than its body. Terracotta: A hard red brown earthenware used for pottery and building construction.

The _____________ were among the first to use ceramics, and paint them with elaborate decorations during the 6th and 5th century BC

Greeks

Which type of clay has a high firing temperature, is translucent, and is commonly used to make dinnerware and in dentistry?

Porcelain

This image is an example which technique in ceramics?

Red figure painting

___________ is clay that has been watered down to the consistency of paint. It was used primarily by the Greeks to decorate and "glue" pieces together

Slip

What does the picture above show? What purpose(s) do they have? How does wood grain relate to these pieces of cultural art?

The picture above shows Native totem poles. Totem poles are intricate wood pieces with carvings of animals and shapes important within a culture. The wood grain in totem poles helps to mimic the texture of fur of the animals that are carved.

By using different types of ___________, artists can enhance the aesthetic appearance and design of a design, whether it be carved, cut-out, or fashioned

Wood grain

When does the use of wood, for functional and artistic use, date back to? How can wood be used by artists?

Wood is another medium dating back to ancient times. It can be carved, cut out, or fashioned into objects such as furniture, crosses, or dishware.