Clinical Orientation Small Animal PE

What structure is palpable during abdominal palpation of the normal canine patient? A. The heart B. The ureter C. The urinary bladder D. The diaphragm

C. The urinary bladder

When evaluating the patient's respiratory system, its important to know the borders of the lung field. Which of the following statements accurately describes the boarders of the lung field? A. Shoulder, elbow and back B. Triceps, epaxial muscles and abdomen C. Triceps, epaxial muscles and last rib D. Triceps, vertebral column and 13th rib E. Thoracic inlet, spinous process, and pelvis

C. Triceps, epaxial muscles and last rib

Mandibular lymph node located in the?

Caudoventral angle of the mandible.

Parotid salivary gland located in the?

Caudoventral angle of the mandible. (same area as mandibular ln but Salivary gland is larger, elongated and lobulated compared to the lnn.)

You examine a dog and find a wound located on dorsal midline above the carpus (i.e. closer to the shoulder than the paw). Using proper medical terminology, this wound should be described as: A. Abaxial to the carpis B. Juxtaposed to the carpus C. Rostral to the carpus D. Proximal to the carpus E. Distal to the carpus

D. Proximal to the carpus

The canine and feline heart has multiple chambers and between these chambers there are valves that help to prevent back flow of blood. Which of the following is not part of the cardiac valves? A. Aortic valve B. Mitral valve C. Pulmonic valve D. Tricuspid valve E. Arterial valve

E. Arterial valve

Rectal exam is part of a normal PE regardless of the patient's presenting complaint. Which of the following statements is false regarding rectal exam? A. Can obtain a fecal sample during rectal exam and submit a fecal float B. Can help assess the patient's prostate for enlargement and pain C. Helps in assessing the patient's stool consistency, smell and color D. Helps assess the patient's anal glands for impaction or other abnormalities E. Is used to assess patient's hydration status

E. Is used to assess patient's hydration status

What lymph nodes do we palpate on the neck?

Superficial cervical lymph nodes (prescapular lnn)

What is the lung field?

triceps muscles + epaxial muscles + last rib

What is the normal range of heart rate for a cat?

120-140 bpm

What is the normal range of respiratory rate for a cat?

16-40 bpm (20-30 on quiz)

What is the normal range of respiratory rate for a dog?

18-34 (15-30 on quiz)

Describe appropriate signalment taken when a patient comes into the office. (7 points)

1. Age 2. Breed 3. Reproductive status 4. Species 5. Color 6. Body weight 7. Lifestyle / Distinguishing characteristics

Rectal exam - what do we do?

1. Assess the perineal area for masses 2. Anal tone-when inserting thermometer/finger external anal sphincter should contract 3. Anal glands; located at 4 & 8 (clockface analogy). 4. Dorsal: internal iliac artery and iliac lnn 5. Ventral: pelvic urethra (Prostate: symmetric bulge on either side of the urethra described as 'barbie's butt') 6. Determine consistency of fecal material. Note the color, texture and if presence of blood

Tail & Perineal region - what are we looking for?

1. Palpate the tail for nodules/masses, pain or defects 2. Check tail tone-should have resistance rather than being flaccid 3. Fecal staining 4. Urine staining/scalding 5. Males: If intact, palpate testicles 6. Females: Confirmation of the vulva (recessed/hooded vulva abnormal)

What is palpated in the abdomen superficial palpation?

1. Run hands along the abdomen to feel for nodules/masses, external parasites 2. Evaluate the mammary glands 3. Note any hernias (umbilical or inguinal)

What do we check for hydration on a dog?

1. Skin turgor 2. Mucus membrane moistness 3. Eye position within the orbit 4. Heart rate and peripheral pulse quality 5. Capillary refill time (1-2 sec)

What is the normal temperature for a cat?

100-103.1

How do you preform the deep abdomen palpations in 2 ways?

2 handed exam: with patient standing, use flat hands on either side to palpate. Start dorsally and move ventral 1 handed exam: cup hand with palm towards the patient

How many deciduous teeth does a cat have?

26

How many deciduous teeth does a dog have?

28

How many permanent teeth does a cat have?

30

When performing a rectal exam in a canine patient its important to assess or palpate the anal glands. Using the clock-face analogy, anal glands are located in what positions?

4 & 8

How many permanent teeth does a dog have?

42

What is the normal range of heart rate for a dog?

80-120 bpm

What is the normal temperature for a dog?

99.5-102.5

Bronchovesicular sounds sound like?

A combination of both depending on area of auscultation

Which of the following structures may be palpated during rectal examination of the normal canine patient? A. Anal sacs B. Urinary bladder C. Kidney D. Ovary

A. Anal sacs

List the adnexa for the eyes

Adnexa: eyelids, lacrimal apparatus, nictitating membrane, and conjunctiva

How do we elicit a gag reflex in a dog?

Advance finger into caudal pharyngeal region

What should we assess in tongues? What should we palpate for?

Assess surface for erosions and ulcers. Always look under the tongue for strings, especially in cats Palpate: evaluate for clefts, masses or lesions

Name a lymph node that is not normally palpable in small animals A. Popliteal lymph node B. Axillary lymph node C. Superficial cervical lymph node D. Mandibular lymph node

B. Axillary lymph node

What do the bronchial sounds sound like?

From the trachea and bronchi. Sounds harsh, similar to wind on a stormy day

How do we stimulate swallowing in a dog?

Gently palpate the hyoid bone to stimulate swallowing

An adult cat with a temperature of 99F would be classified as?

Hypothermic (normal range is 100-103.1)

What do vesicular sounds sound like?

Originate from the level of the alveolar. Sounds softer and quieter, similar to leaves rutting on an autumn day.

What do you palpate while auscultating the heart?

Palpate peripheral pulse while auscultating: Femoral or Dorsal pedal artery etc

Which lymph node is the palpable lymph node closest to the hindlimb paw of a dog?

Popliteal lymph node

What heart sounds can be heard on the left side?

Pulmonary, Aortic, Mitral(PAM)

Based on the physical exam lecture, where should you begin the physical examination of the forelimb of the small animal patient?

The paw up towards the shoulder. (Distal to proximal)

Why should you examine the oral cavity of a small animal patient?

To look for the presence of string foreign bodies, to evaluate the presence of dental disease, and to evaluate for neoplasia

What heart sounds can be auscultated on the right side?

Tricuspid