Cloud Computing - Ch.2 Terms and Concepts Review

What is the allowed downtime per year/month/week for a 95% Availability cloud service?

18.25 days per yea - 36 hours per month - 8.4 hours per week

What is the allowed downtime per year/month/week for a 99% Availability cloud service?

3.65 days/year - 7.2 hours/month - 1.68 hours/week

What is the allowed downtime per year/month/week for a 99.99% Availability cloud service?

52.56 minutes per year, 4.32 minutes per month, 1.01 minutes per week.

What is a Type 1 Hypervisor?

A Type 1 (AKA Bare Metal) hypervisor is a hypervisor with implement support for the hardware they run on because they run directly on the hardware itself without a need for a Host OS.

What is a Type 2 Hypervisor?

A Type 2 hypervisor is a hypervisor that needs to be deployed and managed through a host OS.

What is Elasticity in cloud computing?

A fundamental property that differentiates the cloud from any other "Internetworked collection of servers." Elasticity allows cloud users to spin new virtual servers on demand and on the fly so resources can be seamlessly scaled up or down based on demand.

What is a Hypervisor?

A hypervisor is the technology that sits in between the physical hardware and the OS. It virtualizes the compute, storage, and networking components. Hypervisors enable multiple VMs to run on a single physical server and to be created, configured, and destroyed through a central control panel.

What is Infrastructure as a Service?

All the servers inside a data center, along with the networking hardware that connects those servers, are completely consolidated into a single resource pool. This virtualized infrastructure is then offered as a service inside the enterprise for most applications to be deployed and delivered to end users or as a billable service in the case of public cloud offerings.

What are some examples of public cloud providers?

Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure.

What is Xen Cloud Platform?

An open source type 1 hypervisor, one of the earliest and most popular open-source hypervisors available.

What are some common enterprise uses for hypervisors?

Data Center Management, Hosting and Service providing, High-Performance Computing and Science.

What is desktop virtualization?

Desktop virtualization, or a VDI, enables workstations in an enterprise to be virtualized inside a centralized data center and distribute resources based on demand. A single OS image can be used to spin up multiple VMs. Individual workstations connect to their respective VMs running inside the data center.

What is the appeal of virtualization?

It allows for more efficient use of available compute, storage, and networking hardware and packs in more users without decreasing the experience for a single user.

What are some other examples of open-source hypervisors?

KVM, OpenVZ, and VirtualBox

What does KVM stand for?

Kernel-based virtual machine.

What is Moore's Law?

Moore's law refers to an observation made by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in 1965. He noticed that the number of transistors per square inch on integrated circuits had doubled every year since their invention. Moore's law predicts that this trend will continue into the foreseeable future.

What makes Xen more secure then other hypervisors?

No device drivers sit between the hypervisor and the hardware.

Is Cloud Computing a new concept?

No.

What is the difference between Poprietary and Open-Source Hypervisors?

Open source hypervisors have source code available to anyone freely on the internet and is usually free. Proprietary hypervisors are commercial software where the source code is a closely guarded secret

What is an instance in cloud computing?

Resources that are virtualized and made available through pre-allocated chunks.

What are some benefits of Virtual Data Çenters?

Scalability, location abstraction, and failover support

What are some key benefits of implementing hypervisors?

Shared resources, elasticity, time to service / mean time to implement, resource pooling, scalable, available, portable, network and application isolation.

What elements of hardware does a hypervisor need to virtualize?

The same as the physical hardware, mainly including: Processors,RAM, networking devices (ethernet adapter, wireless adapter, etc), and Storage

What is memory overcommitment?

The system commits more memory to VMs than it physically has. If the memory isn't properly managed, some VMs may crash. This is based on the fact that most of the time, all of the VM's aren't running at full capacity and there is some play in the memory. The ESXi engine can allocate up to %400 more memory than what is physically available.

What is VMware vSphere/ESXi

VMware leads the overall server virtualization market with its enterprise-grade vSphere and ESXi server virtualization offerings. vSphere ESXi is a type 1 hypervisor that ships with it's own varation of linux.