C.N.A Final Exam/State Exam Study guide
Choose the sentence that shows the best example of constructive criticism? (A) "It is always best to remember to speak kindly to the residents, even when you're having a hard day." (B) "You're rude and disrespectful." (C) "I've never seen somebody take such a long time to learn this job." (D) "Did you just sleep through your whole training course? Don't you know anything?"
(A) "It is always best to remember to speak kindly to the residents, even when you're having a hard day."
A resident with a head or spinal cord injury should be repositioned at least every ___hours. (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D)5
(A) 2
At which angle should residents be positioned for eating? (A) 90 degrees (B) 120 degrees (C) 180 degrees (D) 30 degrees
(A) 90 degrees
Which of the following is the proper order to DON PPE? (A) Apply gown, mask, goggles, and gloves (B) Apply gloves, gown, mask, and goggles (C) Apply mask, goggles, gloves, and gown (D) Apply gown, gloves, mask, and goggles
(A) Apply gown, mask, goggles, and gloves
Residents with COPD have trouble with (A) Breathing (B) Urination (C) Losing weight (D) Vision
(A) Breathing
Postmortem care includes (A) Cleaning & wrapping the body (B) Removing tubes (C) Removing equipment (D) Taking the body to the morgue
(A) Cleaning & wrapping the body
Which of the following is a sign of approaching death? (A) Decreasing blood pressure (B) Sharper vision (C) Warm, dry skin (D) Heightened sense of touch
(A) Decreasing blood pressure
If a resident is to be monitor QID & prn, how often does the NA monitor the pt? (A) Four times daily and as needed (B) Every shift and after meals
(A) Four times daily and as needed
Which of the following statements is true of gloves? (A) Gloves are to be on if skin is broken (B) Disposable gloves can be washed and reused. (C) Gloves do not need to be worn when shaving a resident. (D)After giving care, gloves are not contaminated
(A) Gloves are to be on if skin is broken
One of your residents has purchased a special gift for you. You should? (A) Graciously refuse but thank her for thinking of you (B) Accept because you not know your facility's policy on gifts (C) Accept and ask the resident not to tell anyone (D) Refuse and tell her that her employer is very unfair about employees accepting gifts from residents
(A) Graciously refuse but thank her for thinking of you
Which sense is usually the last sense to leave the body? (A) Hearing (B) Sight (C) Touch (D) Taste
(A) Hearing
Which of the following is designated toward comfort measure for people who die within 6 months? (A) Hospice (B) Long-term care (C) Assisted living (D)Acute care
(A) Hospice
Arthritis can be the result of an autoimmune illness. With an autoimmune illness the body's ______system attacks normal tissue. (A) Immune (B) Lymphatic (C) Circulatory (D) Endocrine
(A) Immune
Which of the following statements is true of the skin? (A) It feels heat, cold, pain, touch, and pressure. (B) It becomes more elastic as a person ages. (C) It controls all chemical body functions (D) It becomes thicker as a person ages
(A) It feels heat, cold, pain, touch, and pressure.
Why is important not to over-react when a resident behaves inappropriately? (A) It may actually reinforce the behavior. (B) The other residents may then copy the behavior. (C) Your supervisor will be angry with you. (D)You might surprise the resident
(A) It may actually reinforce the behavior.
Mrs. Timmons, a resident, begins to tell her nursing assistant, Jonathan, about the last religious service she attended. Jonathan does not believe in God. Jonathan's best response is to: (A) Listen quietly to Mrs. Goldman (B) Tell Mrs. Goldman that he does not believe in God and would prefer not to discuss it (C) Tell Mrs. Goldman that her beliefs are wrong (D) Ask Mrs. Goldman what makes her think that there is a God
(A) Listen quietly to Mrs. Goldman
As an N.A., if an activity is not listed in the care plan you should? (A) Not perform the activity (B) Perform it if he/she believes it is best for the resident (C) Only perform it if the resident requests it (D) Ask another NAs to see if they would perform the activity
(A) Not perform the activity
What is one good way a nursing assistant can assist residents with normal changes of aging related to the urinary system? (A) Offer frequent trips to the bathroom. (B) Withhold fluids. (C) Scold residents who are incontinent. (D) Make sure every resident wears incontinence briefs.
(A) Offer frequent trips to the bathroom.
A ______ is an intense form of anxiety. (A) Phobia (B) Coping mechanism (C) Fallacy (D) Situation response
(A) Phobia
If a nursing assistant encounters a resident in a sexual situation, she should: (A) Provide privacy and leave (B) Tell him that what he is doing is wrong (C) Ask him to stop what he is doing (D) Report the incident to the resident's clergy
(A) Provide privacy and leave
If a nursing assistant notices abusive behavior from a family member towards a resident, she should (A) Report it to the nurse immediately. (B) Ask the family member why he did that. (C) Tell the resident that he doesn't have to take it. (D) Walk away because this is a family matter
(A) Report it to the nurse immediately.
If a resident refuses to wear a clothing protector, the nursing assistant should (A) Respect the resident's refusal (B) Refuse to serve the resident until she puts it on (C) Insist that the resident wear it (D)Tell resident that she's making your work more difficult
(A) Respect the resident's refusal
The eye and ear are part of (A) The body's sense organs (B) The integumentary system (C) The dermis (D)The circulatory system
(A) The body's sense organs
What is one reason why reporting a resident's changes & problems to the nurse is a very important role of the nursing assistant? (A) The care plan must be updated as the resident's condition changes. (B) NA's do not report changes to nurse (C) The NA can decide if she wants to work that day or not. (D) The NA can decide what medication to prescribe for the resident's current condition.
(A) The care plan must be updated as the resident's condition changes
HIPAA was created due to? (A) The need for resident information privacy & confidentiality (B) Ombudsmen preference for access to patient files (C) To show nursing assistants how to report abuse in facilities (D) Resident neglect in nursing homes
(A) The need for resident information privacy & confidentiality
Holistic care focuses on (A) The whole person (physical, mental, social) (B) Disease and disability (C) How sick a person is (D)The absence of disease and illness
(A) The whole person (physical, mental, social)
Which statement best describes a pureed diet? (A) This diet is often used for people who have trouble chewing and/or swallowing more textured foods. (B) This diet consists of only clear juices, broth, gelatin, and popsicles. (C) This diet consists of only clear liquids, cream soups, milk, and ice cream. (D) This diet is often used for people who are tired of chewing.
(A) This diet is often used for people who have trouble chewing and/or swallowing more textured foods.
Which of the following is the best example of objective information? (A) "Mrs. Tom Hanks says she has a rash on her torso." (B) "During his shower I noticed reddened areas on the lower buttocks of Mrs. Annie." (C) "Mrs. Halle Berry must have a rash because she looks so miserable." (D) "President Obama needs some lotion."
(B) "During his shower I noticed reddened areas on the lower buttocks of Mrs. Annie."
How many hours of continuing education per year does OBRA require? (A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 14 (D) 16
(B) 12
Which of the following shows the correct conversion of 9:00 p.m. to military time? (A) 2300 hours (B) 2100 hours (C) 2400 hours (D) 2000 hours
(B) 2100 hours
Psychosocial needs include the following: (A) Bathing (B) Activity (C) Love & affection (D) Sexual Intercourse
(B) Activity
What is one way a nursing assistant can promote a resident's independence? (A) Finishing a resident's task to hurry them up (B) Allow ample time for pt to complete task (C) Deciding where a resident should sit in the dining room (D) Deciding what a resident should wear for the day
(B) Allow ample time for pt to complete task
When you are with a resident who behaves inappropriately you should (A) Tell other NA's what happened & to stay away from the pt (B) Be matter-of-fact and not over-react. (C) Tell other residents that this resident is perverted. (D)Not report the behavior
(B) Be matter-of-fact and not over-react.
When should unsafe conditions be reported? (A) When the facility is involved in a lawsuit and you have to appear in court (B) Before accidents occur by reporting any unsafe condition IMMEDIATLEY (C) Only if a resident complains about the conditions being unsafe (D) Within 30 days of you noticing the unsafe conditions
(B) Before accidents occur by reporting any unsafe condition IMMEDIATLEY
During documentation at the end of your shift you notice you have made an error. You should: (A) Erase it completely (B) Draw one line through it, and write the correct word(s). (C) Use correction fluid or tape so it can't be seen (D) Discard the entire patient's chart and start over.
(B) Draw one line through it, and write the correct word(s).
Why are females more likely to have urinary tract infections than males? (A) Due to the different location of the meatus (B) Due to having a shorter urethra (C) Due to not filtering blood properly in the kidneys (D) Due to incontinence
(B) Due to having a shorter urethra
While performing a procedure on a resident, the N.A. should: (A) Try to distract the resident so they won't know what you are doing (B) Explain the procedure fully before performing it & make sure they understand it (C) Wait until the resident is sleeping before the NA starts the procedure (D) Watch TV or talk to the resident's roommate so the resident doesn't become self-conscious
(B) Explain the procedure fully before performing it & make sure they understand it
Which of the following is an example of a physical need? (A) Need for self-esteem (B) Food and water (C) Social interaction with others (D)Need for
(B) Food and water
Which of the following tasks would be considered outside the scope of practice for an NA? (A) Giving a resident a bath (B) Giving an injection of medication (C) Helping a resident eat dinner (D) Transferring a resident from the bed to a chair
(B) Giving an injection of medication
Respiration consists of (A) Narrowing of blood vessels (B) Inspiration and expiration (C) Circulating blood in the heart (D) Urinary elimination
(B) Inspiration and expiration
How does regular activity promote good health? (A) It decreases the appetite. (B) It increases energy. (C) It increases the risk of heart disease. (D)It raises the risk of falls.
(B) It increases energy
To treat dying residents and their families with dignity a nursing assistant should (A) Make promises (B) Listen if they want to talk (C) Babble (D)Isolate the dying resident
(B) Listen if they want to talk
Which of the following is Bradypnea? (A) Less than 12 rpm (B) More than 20 rpm (C) More than 60 bpm (D)More than 100 bpm
(B) More than 20 rpm
Which of the following would be considered an example of physical abuse? (A) Stealing money or personal items from a resident (B) Neglecting to provide personal care (C) Using an electric razor for shaving instead of a razorblade (D) Making a threat toward a resident
(B) Neglecting to provide personal care
Which of the following is a requirement of OBRA? (A) Resident assessments must be completed on a few residents Q shift (B) Nursing assistants must have at least 16 hours of training. (C) States should not keep a current list of NA's in a state registry. (D) Nursing assistants must have at least 100 hours of training.
(B) Nursing assistants must have at least 16 hours of training
What is the term for the person assigned by law to be the legal advocate for residents? (A) Activities Director (B) Ombudsman (C) OBRA (D)Occupational Therapist
(B) Ombudsman
The resident's protected health information (PHI) can be shared with which of the following? (A) Any resident that in the LTC unit of your facility (B) Only those who need the information for direct care (C) Only your family member that you really trust (D)Friends, neighbors & clergymen of the resident
(B) Only those who need the information for direct care
What does palliative care involve? (A) The resident's recovery (B) Pain relief and comfort (C) Teaching the resident to care for himself (D)Curing the resident's illness
(B) Pain relief and comfort
As the N.A. for a stroke patient who is paralyzed on her right side, you overhear some of her family members say in a loud voice, "She looks so ridiculous with half of her face drooping down like that. Isn't there something you can do to fix that?" This type of abuse is? (A) Physical abuse (B) Psychological abuse (C) Sexual abuse (D)Involuntary seclusion
(B) Psychological abuse
RACE as a safety rule means: (A) Run to A Close Exit (B) Remove residents, Activate 911, Contain fire, Extinguish (C) Residents Are to be Cared for Excellently (D) Remove A Canister Extinguisher
(B) Remove residents, Activate 911, Contain fire, Extinguish
What is the first food to be restricted in a low-sodium diet? (A) Milk (B) Salt (C) Red meat (D) Foods high in fat
(B) Salt
How should a resident with COPD be positioned? (A) Flat on his back (B) Sitting upright (C) Lying on his stomach (D)Lying on his side
(B) Sitting upright
Which of the following statements is true of assisting a resident with one-sided weakness after a stroke? (A) Stay in the room until the pt returns from his/her walk (B) Stand on the weaker side. (C) Use terms "bad" or "messed up" to refer to weaker side. (D)A gait belt is not helpful during transfers.
(B) Stand on the weaker side.
Osteoporosis causes (A) Menopause (B) Stooped posture (C) Supplements (D)Lack of hormones
(B) Stooped posture
Normal changes of aging include: (A) Depression (B) Thinner, drier skin (C) Significant weight loss (D) Incontinence
(B) Thinner, drier skin
During conversations with families of your residents, the N.A. should. (A) Use medical terms so they understand more easily (B) Use simple, non-medical terms (layman terms) (C) Use a different language to confuse them (D)Talk over their heads because they are just visitors
(B) Use simple, non-medical terms (layman terms)
Which of the following should you report immediately if you notice them in your resident? (A) Family fighting (B) Chest pain (CP), high fever (febrile) (C) Watching too much TV (D) Acting lonely
(B) Use simple, non-medical terms (layman terms)
During your N.A. interview, which of the following would be an appropriate comment regarding your previous employer? (A) "I love the idea of making people's lives more comfortable and helping them get better." (B) "I left my last job because my boss was always criticizing me even though I wasn't doing anything wrong." (C) "My last supervisor was fantastic and I learned a lot at that job, but I'm really excited to gain new skills as a nursing assistant."
(C) "My last supervisor was fantastic and I learned a lot at that job, but I'm really excited to gain new skills as a nursing assistant."
Medicare is designed to be (A) A medical assistance program for low-income people (B) A program that pays for 100% of healthcare costs for all people who are enrolled in it (C) A health insurance program for people who are 65 or older or younger people who are disabled and ill (D) Never used to pay for long-term care
(C) A health insurance program for people who are 65 or older or younger people who are disabled and ill
When coming upon an emergency situation, the very first thing the N.A. should do is (A) Perform CPR (B) Perform abdominal thrusts (C) Assess the situation and the victim (D) Give rescue breaths
(C) Assess the situation and the victim
Which of the following is helpful when providing skin care for a resident with cancer? (A) Do not use lotion on dry, delicate skin. (B) Do not offer backrubs. (C) Avoid applying lotion to areas receiving radiation therapy. (D)Avoid moving the resident at all
(C) Avoid applying lotion to areas receiving radiation therapy.
Which of the following departments often maintains a state's nursing assistant registry (NAR)? (A) Department of Revenue (B) Department of Homeland Security (C) Department of Health & Human Services (D) Department of Agriculture
(C) Department of Health & Human Services
Which of the following would be an appropriate way of responding to a resident who has hearing difficulty or is having a difficult time understanding your words? (A) Speak more quickly. (B) Whisper the words. (C) Face the resident and speak clearly. (D)Turn off the resident's hearing aid.
(C) Face the resident and speak clearly.
Which is appropriate for a N.A. who is communicating with a resident who is hearing impaired? (A) Keep her hands in front of her face (B) Shout the words so the resident can hear them clearly (C) Get the resident's attention before speaking (D) Chew gum
(C) Get the resident's attention before speaking
To control bleeding, a nursing assistant should: (A) Use her bare hands to stop it (B) Lower the wound below the heart (C) Hold clean thick pad on wound & press hard (D) Apply light pressure with a Band-Aid®
(C) Hold clean thick pad on wound & press hard
_______ is the special care that focuses on the dignity and comfort of a dying person. (A) Postmortem (B) Cheyne-Stokes (C) Hospice (D) Terminal
(C) Hospice
One way a nursing assistant can help with normal changes of aging related to the integumentary system is to (A) Withhold fluids so a pt will not void (B) Clip toenails frequently. (C) Keep sheets wrinkle-free. (D) Rub lotion onto red or irritated spots
(C) Keep sheets wrinkle-free.
Confidentiality to a N.A. means: (A) Not telling the nurse about possible pt abuse (B) Never documenting resident problems (C) Keeping pt's personal information & their things private (D)Sharing information with the NA's own
(C) Keeping pt's personal information & their things private
Which of the following is true of assisting a resident who is having a seizure? (A) Give the resident a glass of water to drink. (B) Hold the resident down if he or she is shaking severely. (C) Move furniture away to prevent injury to the resident. (D) Open the pt's mouth to move the tongue to the side.
(C) Move furniture away to prevent injury to the resident.
Which member of the care team diagnoses (DX) disease and prescribes (RX) treatment (TX)? (A) Nursing assistant (NA) (B) Resident & their family (C) Physician (MD, DO) (D) Dietitian (RD)
(C) Physician (MD, DO)
Guidelines for caring for a resident with multiple sclerosis include (A) Rushing resident through tasks (B) Administering medications (C) Preventing falls (D)Encouraging the resident to speak faster
(C) Preventing falls
Which of the following is helpful for a resident who has had a heart attack? (A) Smoking (B) High-fat diet (C) Regular exercise (D) Cold temperatures
(C) Regular exercise
Choose the best answer regarding the resident and the care plan team. (A) Residents cannot make their own decisions. (B) Residents can't make decisions because they are not care team members. (C) Residents should be allowed to try to make choices about the care they want to receive. (D)The care team revolves around the resident and his or her condition, treatment, and progress.
(C) Residents should be allowed to try to make choices about the care they want to receive.
Which of the following should you, as a N.A., do if you suspect resident abuse? (A) She should ask another resident if he thinks that person is being abused. (B) She should ask her family and friends for advice. (C) She should report it to the nurse immediately and let him/her handle it from there. (D) She should do nothing since someone has probably already reported it.
(C) She should report it to the nurse immediately and let him/her handle it from there
How should residents be positioned while during meal times? (A) Lying flat on their backs (B) Reclining at a 45-degree angle (C) Sitting as upright as possible
(C) Sitting as upright as possible
Which of the following is a good example of using proper body mechanics? (A) Twisting at the waist (B) Carrying objects far away from the body (C) Standing with the legs shoulder-width apart (D) Keeping knees locked when lifting
(C) Standing with the legs shoulder-width apart
What is the best way a N.A. can respond to a combative resident? (A) Argue with the resident. (B) Tell the resident that he is wrong. (C) Stay calm and lower the tone of your voice. (D) Stand very close to the resident.
(C) Stay calm and lower the tone of your voice.
Which of the following is a good way to for a nursing assistant to care for a mentally ill resident? (A) Do everything for the resident. (B) Give the resident his or her medication. (C) Support the resident and his or her family (D) Encourage the resident to just "GET BETTER"
(C) Support the resident and his or her family
Residents who need some assistance with eating may benefit from: (A) The NA doing everything for the resident (B) The NA insisting the resident eat alone for independence (C) The NA using the hand-over-hand approach (D) The NA telling his family to help at mealtimes
(C) The NA using the hand-over-hand approach
When a hip has been replaced (A) Dress the unaffected, or stronger, side first (B) Place items far from the resident to force amb (C) The hip cannot be bent or flexed more than 90 degrees (D) Do R.O.M. exercises on surgery side
(C) The hip cannot be bent or flexed more than 90 degrees
Which of the following is true of Transmission-Based Precautions? (A) Not needed if using standard precautions (B) They are exactly the same as Standard Precautions. (C) They are practiced in addition to Standard Precautions. (D)They are not in the care plan so as not to alarm anyone.
(C) They are practiced in addition to Standard Precautions.
The respiratory system is made up of (A) Arteries, veins, capillaries (B) Brain, spinal cord, nerves (C) Trachea, bronchi, lungs (D)Atria, ventricles, aorta
(C) Trachea, bronchi, lungs
Which of the following would be a good time to identify yourself to a resident? (A) After giving care (B) When collecting meal trays (C) When shifts change (D) After helping with feeding
(C) When shifts change
When you receive hostile comments, the best thing to say would be? (A) "It's not my fault." (B) "You'd better apologize to me." (C) "You are being irrational." (D) "I'm sorry you're disappointed."
(D) "I'm sorry you're disappointed."
Choose the appropriate answer for how blood-borne diseases are transmitted. (A) By hugging an infected person (B) By touching something that was just sterilized (C) By standing close to an infected person when he coughs (D) By contact with blood or body fluids
(D) By contact with blood or body fluids
N.A.'s will come into contact with microorganisms in which of the following situations? (A) Only in public areas of the facility (B) Only during direct contact with residents (C) Only during personal care procedures (D) Every time you touch something
(D) Every time you touch something
High blood pressure (A) Can be detected just by looking at a person (B) Cannot be treated with medication (C) Is never a serious condition (D) Is a measurement of 140/90 or higher
(D) Is a measurement of 140/90 or higher
Which of the following is the correct definition of Tachycardia? (A) More than 60 bpm (B) More than 12 rpm (C) Less than 60 bpm (D) More than 100 bpm
(D) More than 100 bpm
When caring for a dying resident's diminished senses a nursing assistant should (A) Turn the lights up (B) Try not to speak to the resident (C) Turn up the radio or television (D) Observe body language
(D) Observe body language
Standard Precautions (aka Universal Precautions) should be practiced by the N.A.: (A) Only on people appear to have a blood-borne disease (B) On every single person in your care (C) Only on people who request that you follow them (D) Only on residents whose charts indicate they are sick
(D) Only on residents whose charts indicate they are sick
Which of the following is a function of the nervous system? (A) Gives the body shape and structure (B) Provides a natural protective covering to the body (C) Produces and supplies antibodies and other infection-fighting blood cells (D) Senses and interprets information from outside the body
(D) Senses and interprets information from outside the body
Which of the following senses is not used in making observations? (A) Sight (B) Touch (C) Smell (D) Taste
(D) Taste
The single most important thing you can do to prevent the spread of disease is to (A) Carry dirty linen close to your uniform (B) Never change your gloves (C) Remove gloves before cleaning spills (D) Wash your hands
(D) Wash your hands
Which of the following is a symptom of dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)? (A) Eating everything on the tray at every meal (B) Sweating during meals (C) Fever during meals (D) Watering eyes during meals
(D) Watering eyes during meals
How can you explain homeostasis? (A) Sitting along in Yoga pose doing deep breathing (B) Taking part in facility activities (C) Belly dancing (D) When the whole body is working together
(D) When the whole body is working together
When a resident is suspected of having a heart attack, a nursing assistant should: (A) Leave the resident to call his family (B) Cover the resident with a heavy blanket (C) Keep pt standing to improve circulation? (D)Not give the person liquids or food
(D)Not give the person liquids or food
Families help residents by: (A) Creating the care plan for them (B) Telling them what to do (C) Making decisions for them (D)Supporting and encouraging them
(D)Supporting and encouraging them
A sign that a stroke is occurring is (A) Abdominal pain (B) Gasping for air (C) Low blood pressure (D)The inability to speak or to speak clearly
(D)The inability to speak or to speak clearly
When atrophy occurs, (A) The muscle slowly becomes stronger (B) The muscle increases in size (C) The muscle stays about the same (D)The muscle decreases in size
(D)The muscle decreases in size
Which of the following statements is true of LTC? (A) People with terminal illnesses do not live in long-term care facilities. (B) Most conditions in long-term care facilities are chronic. (C) People who live in long-term care facilities are never able to return home. (D) Long-term care takes place in a person's home.
B) Most conditions in long-term care facilities are chronic.
