Cognitive Psychology- Ch. 6 Practice Questions

According to your text, which of the following movies is LEAST accurate in its portrayal of a memory problem?

50 First Dates

Which of the following statements is the most accurate with regard to autobiographical memories?

Autobiographical memories can involve both episodic and semantic content.

Why is classical conditioning considered a form of implicit memory?

Because it involves learning an association without being aware of the reasons behind it.

Regarding free recall of a list of items, which of the following will most likely cause the recency effect to disappear by preventing rehearsal?

Counting backward for 30 seconds before recall

___________ memories are to experiences as ___________ memories are to facts.

Episodic; semantic

As people get older, their memories of past experiences tend to have an emphasis on ________.

Facts

The coding of a stimulus into memory refers to which of the following?

Form

Which of the following is an example of a semantic memory?

I remember the big island of Hawaii has many active volcanoes.

A man suffering from Korsakoff's syndrome would be able to perform which of the following activities without difficulty?

Identifying a photograph of his childhood home

___________ memories are those that we are not aware of.

Implicit

Which of the following is NOT a conclusion from the case of H.M., who had an operation to help alleviate his epileptic seizures?

Long-term memories are unaffected by damage to the hippocampus.

Which of the following involves procedural memory?

Reading a sentence in a book

Which of the following is NOT an example of an implicit memory?

Semantic memory

In which of the following examples of two different brain-injured patients (Tom and Tim) is a double dissociation demonstrated?

Tom has good semantic memory and poor episodic memory, while Tim has good episodic memory but poor semantic memory.

Which of the following correctly lists types of memory from least to most complex?

Visual, semantic, episodic

Neuropsychological evidence indicates that short- and long-term memories probably

are caused by different mechanisms that act independently.

Ming is taking a memory test. She is more likely to recall the name of a popular singer if she had

attended the singer's concert last year with her boyfriend.

From a cognitive psychology perspective, memories from specific experiences in our life are defined as being ________.

autobiographical

Murdoch's "remembering a list" experiment described the serial position curve and found that memory is best for ___________ of a list.

both the first and last words

When investigating the serial position curve, delaying the memory test for 30 seconds

decreases the recency effect.

"I remember being really excited last year, when my college team won the national championship in basketball." This statement is an example of ___________ memory.

episodic

The constructive episodic stimulation hypothesis describes how our memories are connected to our ________.

future

The recency effect occurs when participants are asked to recall a list of words. One way to eliminate the recency effect is to

have participants count backwards for 30 seconds after hearing the last word of the list.

Work with brain-injured patients reveals that ___________ memory does not depend on conscious memory.

implicit and procedural

Your text describes an "Italian woman" who, after an attack of encephalitis, had difficulty remembering people or facts she knew before. She could, however, remember her life events and daily tasks. Her memory behavior reflects

intact episodic memory but defective semantic memory.

K.C., who was injured in a motorcycle accident, remembers facts like the difference between a strike and a spare in bowling, but he is unaware of experiencing things like hearing about the circumstances of his brother's death, which occurred two years before the accident. His memory behavior suggests

intact semantic memory but defective episodic memory.

According to Tulving, the defining property of the experience of episodic memory is that

it involves mental time travel.

The primacy effect (from the serial position curve experiment) is associated with ___________memory.

long-term

One of the defining characteristics of implicit memory is that

people are not conscious they are using it.

Believing that a particular statement is true simply because you have seen the statement in previous instances is known as the ________ effect.

propaganda

The primacy effect is attributed to

recall of information stored in long-term memory.

This multiple-choice question is an example of a ___________ test.

recognition

According to Tulving, an episodic memory is distinguished by the process of ________ it.

reliving

A patient with impaired episodic memory would most likely have the greatest difficulty in

remembering graduating from college.

The predominant type of coding in long-term memory is

semantic

Your book discusses the memory functioning of patient H.M. who underwent brain surgery to relieve severe epileptic seizures. H.M.'s case has been extremely informative to psychologists by demonstrating that

short-term memory can operate normally while long-term memory is impaired.

The propaganda effect demonstrates that we evaluate familiar statements as being true

simply because we have been exposed to them before.

Procedural memories are also known as ________ memories.

skill

The type of coding that occurs in a particular situation primarily depends on the ________.

task

The dramatic case of patient H.M. clearly illustrates that ___________ is crucial for the formation of long-term memories.

the hippocampus

Your text discusses how episodic and semantic memories are interconnected. This discussion revealed that when we experience events,

the knowledge that makes up semantic memories is initially attained through a personal experience based in episodic memory.

Memory enhancement due to repetition priming is a result of the test stimulus being

the same as or resembling the priming stimulus.

Wickens et al.'s "fruit, meat, and professions" experiment failed to show a release from proactive interference in the "fruit" group because

the stimulus category remained the same.

Researchers understood that KF had experienced a decline in short-term memory capacity because he had a digit span of ________ .

two