Cognitive Psychology-Exam 2

How long can things be stored in sensory memory?

<1-3 seconds

The inability to assimilate or retain new knowledge is known as?

Anterograde amnesia

Can iconic or echoic memory be stored for longer periods of time?

Echoic memory

The statement "deep processing takes longer than shallow processing and results in memory" is closely associated with what theory?

Levels of processing theory

What is elaborative rehearsal?

Making connections between the items of interest and previously learned concepts....

Damage to what area of the brain would lead to impairments in working memory?

Prefrontal Cortex

What are two out of the three types of implicit memory?

Priming, Conditioning, Procedural

What are the three components of the modal model of memory?

Sensory store, short-term memory, and long-term memory

The recency effect is due to what process?

The information is stored in short-term memory

What effects illustrated the universality of a working-memory component in all language?

The phonological similarity effect and word-length effect

The increased recall of information at the beginning of a list is called?

The primacy effect

What is the defining characteristics of implicit memory

We are not consciously aware we are using it

The primary effect of chunking is to what?

improve the capacity of short-term memory

A standard estimate of short-term memory capacity is?

7 plus or minus 2 *meaningful untis

Acquiring information and transforming it into memory is?

Encoding

The principle that we learn information together with its context is known as?

Encoding Specificity

The inability to remember where a best friend had moved is an example of an impairment to what type of declarative memory?

Episodic memory

Memory for the circumstances surrounding an emotional event that remains especially vivid but not necessarily accurate over time is called?

Flashbulb memory

What is transfer-appropriate processing?

Improvement in memory corresponding to when the type of task at encoding matches the type of task at retrieval

What cues help us remember things stored in memory?

Retrieval

What type of encoding involves remembering something in terms of its meaning?

Semantic

What are the components of Baddley's Working Memory Model?

Visuospatial sketchpad, Phonological loop, central executive, long-term memory, episodic buffer

How is working-memory different from short-term memory?

Working memory is concerned with the manipulation of information