Cognitive Psychology Test #1

Regarding children's language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they have never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by_____

inborn programming

According to your text, the behavioral approach to the study of the mind involves

measuring the relation between stimuli and behavior

The theory of unconscious inference includes the... a. oblique effect b. likelihood principle c. principle of componential recovery d. principle of speech segmentation

B. likelihood principle

Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection?

It produces variable results from person to person.

The investigation of how behavior is strengthened by presentation of positive reinforcers (e.g., food) or withdrawal of negative reinforcers (e.g., shock) is best known as

Operant conditioning

Gais et al.'s research on the impact of sleep on memory consolidation illustrates which type of approach to the study of the operations of the mind?

Physiological

Who proposed that children's language development was caused by imitation and reinforcement?

Skinner

Who developed the concept of the cognitive map?

Tolman

Donders' reaction time experiment was performed using stimuli in which of the following sensory modalities?

Vision

The experimental technique that involves removing part of the brain is known as... a. brain ablation b. dissociation c. EEG

a. brain ablation

Some neurons respond when we watch someone else do something. These are known as... a. mirror neurons b. afferent neurons c. feature detectors d. receptors

a. mirror neurons

If a word is identified more easily when it is in a sentence than when it is presented alone, this would be an example of ____ processing. a. top-down b. bottom-up

a. top-down

The pathway leading from the striate cortex to the temporal lobe is known as the... a. what pathway b. where pathway c. landmark pathway d. action pathway

a. what pathway

The field that studies how to make machines behave in ways that are intelligent if a human were so behaving is known as

artificial intelligence

Which is the following is NOT associated with recognition-by-components theory? a. objects are analyzed into parts early in the perceptual process b. attention is used to combine features in the perception of whole objects c. basic shapes are combined to form objects d. bottom-up processing

b. attention is used to combined features in the perception of whole objects

Generally, if we can see an object geons, we are able to identify the object. This is known as the... a. principle of size constancy b. principles of componential recovery c. perceptual organization d. feedback signal

b. principles of componential recovery

The demonstration in your text that asks you to visualize scenes such as an office, a department store clothing section, a lion, and a microscope often results in more details in the scene of the office or department store than the scene with the lion or microscope. The latter two tend to have fewer details because most individuals from modern society have less knowledge of ____ in those scenes. a. physical regularities b. semantic regularities c. pragnanz d. double dissociation

b. sematic regularities

The results of Gauthler's "Greeble" experiment illustrate... a. that neurons specialized to respond to faces are present in our brains when we are born b. that training a monkey to recognize the difference between common objects can influence how the monkey's neurons fire to these objects c. an effect of experience-dependent plasticity d. that our nervous systems remain faintly stable in different environments

c. an effect of experience-dependent plasticity

The recognition-by-components approach proposes that there are a number of basic features such as: a. movement and brightness b. curvature and tilt c. rectangular solids and cubes d. horizontal lines and vertical lines

c. rectangular solids and cubes

A common feature of both a reaction time experiment and an operant conditioning experiment is

the measurement of behavior