Cold War

Containment

A U.S. foreign policy adopted by President Harry Truman in which the United States tried to stop the spread of communism by creating alliances and helping weak countries to resist Soviet advances

Killing Fields

A number of sites in Cambodia where large numbers of people were killed and buried by the Khmer Rouge regime immediately after the end of the Cambodian Civil War.

perestroika

A policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring of the social and economic status quo in communist Russia towards a market based economy and society

glasnost

A policy of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev which called for more openness with the nations of West, and a relaxing of restraints on Soviet citizenry.

How did the Bay of Pigs Invasion lead to the Cuban Missile Crisis

After the failed U.S. attempt to overthrow the Castro regime in Cuba with the Bay of Pigs invasion, Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev reached a secret agreement with Cuban premier Fidel Castro to place Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba to deter any future invasion attempt.

Countries in the Warsaw Pact

Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Soviet Union

Warsaw Pact

An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations.

Boris Yeltsin

Boris Yeltsin was the first president of the Russian Federation. As the president of the Russian Republic, he blocked the August Coup, which foreshadowed the breakup of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact. He also outlawed the Communist Party that had sought to destroy him politically.

Cultural Revolution in China

Campaign in China ordered by Mao Zedong to purge the Communist Party of his opponents and instill revolutionary values in the younger generation.

Compare/Contrast China in 1989 and Europe 1989

China was becoming a communist country while Europe was in the process of the Revolutions of 1989, influencing the fall of Communism within Europe

Cuban Missile Crisis

Confrontation between U.S. and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba.

How did the Cold War containment policy affect Asia? Use Korea OR Vietnam as an example

Containment split up countries into individual section (south and north) because of the Soviet Union Influence

Fidel Castro

Fidel Castro was the Communist leader of Cuba and allied himself with the former Sovit Union and agreed to have missiles placed in Cuba, leading to the Cuba Missile Crisis.

Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin was the dictator of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Under Stalin, the Soviet Union was transformed from a peasant society into an industrial and military superpower. However, he ruled by terror, and millions of his own citizens died during his brutal reign.

Results of the Hungarian uprising in 1956

Khrushchev ordered soviet tanks to move into Budapest to put down the uprising causing many individuals to lose their lives

Mikhail Gorbachev

Last leader of the Soviet Union. His liberalization effort improved relations with the West, but he lost power after his reforms led to the collapse of Communist governments in eastern Europe.

How was the Truman Doctrine a change in U.S. Foreign Policy

Led to other American actions designed to prevent the spread of communism. After World War II ended, the United States worked to prevent the spread of communism until it collapsed in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union

Nikita Khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev led the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War. Though he largely pursued a policy of peaceful coexistence with the West, he instigated the Cuban Missile Crisis by placing nuclear weapons in Cuba

Peter Fechter

Peter Fechter was a German bricklayer who became the first person to die at the Berlin Wall. Fechter was 18 years-old when he was shot and killed by East German border guards while trying to cross over to West Berlin.

Pol Pot

Pol Pot was a political leader who lead Cambodia's communist Khmer Rouge government. During that time, an estimated 1.5 to 2 million Cambodians died of starvation, execution, disease or overwork.

Solidarity

Polish trade union created to protest working conditions and political repression. It began the nationalist opposition to communist rule that led to the fall of communism in eastern Europe.

Harry Truman

President Harry S. Truman pledged that the United States would help any nation resist communism in order to prevent its spread. His policy of containment is known as the Truman Doctrine (mainly created to provide aid to Greece and Turkey in an effort to protect them from communist aggression)

Ronald Reagan

Reagan became a popular two-term president. He cut taxes, increased defense spending, negotiated a nuclear arms reduction agreement with the Soviets and is credited with helping to bring a quicker end to the Cold War.

What is the EU

The European Union is a political and economic union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union's purpose is to promote peace, establish a unified economic and monetary system, promote inclusion and combat discrimination, break down barriers to trade and borders, encourage technological and scientific developments, etc.

Iron Curtain

The Iron Curtain was the name for the non physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. Most of Eastern Europe fell under the influence of the Soviet Union, while most of Western Europe chose to ally itself with the U.S.

Prague Spring

The Prague Spring was a period of political liberalization and mass protest in Czechoslovakia as a Communist state after World War II.

Features of Gulags in the Soviet Union

The gulags were a vast network of detention centers and forced labor prisons located within the former Soviet Union. First developed by Vladimir Lenin, the gulags forced individuals to go through intense labor work every day with little food (which was barely edible). The gulags also rewarded criminals for keeping order within the prisons

U2 Spy Plane

a United States U-2 spy plane was shot down by the Soviet Air Defense Forces while performing photographic aerial reconnaissance deep into Soviet territory. Ronald Reagan denied that the plane belonged to the United States, however, after pictures were taken and displayed, Reagan stated that he would stop any further U-2 spy planes being deployed into the Soviet Union but, he never apologized for the event

Duck and Cover

a method of personal protection against the effects of a nuclear explosion

Marshall Plan

a plan for aiding the European nations in economic recovery after World War II in order to stabilize and rebuild their countries and prevent the spread of communism.

Berlin Airlift

airlifts by the US and Britain to fly food and supplies into W Berlin after the Soviet blocked off all ground routes into the city (the Berlin Wall)

Why is the Korean War known as the "forgotten war"

b/c little to nothing changed as a result of it

What happened to Boris Yeltsin

he became the president of the Russian Federation after the Soviet Union collapsed as Russia and all 14 other divisions made themselves independent

Examples of the Space Race

sputnik, artificial satellites, unmanned space probes, human spaceflight, man on the moon

What was one effect of the Marshall Plan on the continent of Europe?

the United States gave over $12 billion in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II.

Analyze the causes and effects of the Soviet Union's collapse in 1992. Use at least the following in your answer: Gorbachev, perestroika, glasnost, Yeltsin

the glasnost caused people to move away from the communism and have their own beliefs. Yeltsin lead to the split of the Soviet Union. Gorbachev enhanced the policies of openness and reconstruction which caused the Soviet Union to split. Perestroika lead to the reconstruction of the Soviet Union.

Results/effects of the Cold War

there were lots of space achievements,atomic bombs,and ways to stop the spread of communism

Experiences of the U.S. and U.S.S.R. during the Cold War

u.s- the u.s was scared that they would be bombed soviets-feared of being sent to the gulags