College Biology Chapter 28 and 29

Reproduction in the black bread mold occurs between __________ hyphae.

+ and -

How many sperm cells contribute to the process of reproduction in angiosperms?

2

Refer to Figure 29-1. The structure labeled 1 is:

A perforated septum

Which of the following statements concerning mycorrhizae is FALSE?

Arbuscular mycorrhizae are extracellular

Yeasts reproduce asexually by:

Budding

The cell walls of fungi are composed of:

Chitin

Members of phylum __________ are the most primitive of the fungi and were previously classified as protists.

Chytridiomycota

In plants, ovaries develop into:

Fruits

Most conifers have separate male and female reproductive parts on the same tree. This condition is referred to as:

Monecious

In a mushroom, the primary mycelium is composed of __________ cells.

Monokaryotic

The female gametophyte generation in angiosperms is found in the:

Ovule of the ovary

In flowering plants, the immature male gametophyte is the:

Pollen grain

Pollination is occurring at the point of Figure 28-2 labeled:

Process C

After fertilization in angiosperms, the ovule develops into the:

Seed

Seeds are reproductively superior to spores because:

Seeds contain a young plant and also are protected by a seed coat

Angiosperms have __________ in their phloem.

Sieve tube elements

During pollination of flowering plants, pollen lands on the:

Stigma

Which of the following statements concerning microsporidia is FALSE?

They have mitochondria and Golgi complexes

In plants, xylem is associated with the transportation of:

Water and minerals

Fungi can grow under all of the following conditions except:

a dry environment

What makes up most of the mass of an individual mushroom?

underground mycelium

Which of the structures in Figure 28-1 is largely responsible for attracting potential pollinators?

7

Which of the following is a female reproductive structure in Figure 28-1?

8

Refer to Figure 29-2. The structure labeled 11 is:

A sporangium

Which of the following is not an adaptation of flowering plants that contributed to their evolutionary success?

Adaptability of the gametophyte generation

In a flowering plant, the __________ is the site of meiosis and, ultimately, the production of pollen.

Anther

The sac fungi are characterized by sexual reproductive structures called:

Asci

The club fungi typically reproduce by producing:

Basidia

Which of the following is not a characteristic of fungi?

Cell wall of lipopolysaccharides

Cycads may be characterized as being:

Dioecious and having motile sperm

In plants, phloem is associated with transport of:

Dissolved sugars

Which of the following gymnosperm groups has the most efficient water-conducting cells?

Gnetophyta

Evidence from vascular tissues and developmental stages suggests that stamens evolved from:

Leaves

The structure labeled 9 in Figure 29-2 was produced by:

Meiosis in the resting sporangium

Dikaryotic cells are denoted as:

N + n

The male product of meiosis is the structure in Figure 28-2 labeled:

20

In Figure 28-2, the zygote is the structure labeled:

8

In a fungus, a complex multicellular reproductive structure is called:

A fruiting body

A plant with parallel veins and floral parts in threes or multiples of three would be classified as:

A monocot

An example of a unicellular fungus is:

A yeast

Leaf __________ in the fall is an adaptation for flowering plants to survive harsh winters in temperate climates.

Abscission

__________ is a common chytridiomycete which exhibits alternation of generation.

Allomyces

When plants have a distinct haploid stage and diploid stage, this is referred to as:

Alternation of generations

The most diverse, successful, and familiar group of plants today are the:

Angiosperms

Mushrooms that we eat are technically referred to as:

Basidiocarps

Which of the following statements concerning gymnosperms and angiosperms is FALSE?

Both groups have free-living gametophytes

Refer to Figure 29-1. The fungus illustrated in Figure A is:

Coenocytic

Which group of fungi has hyphae that are multinucleate and not divided by septa?

Coenocytic

Asexual reproduction in sac fungi involves production of spores called:

Conidia

The characteristic brown, blue-green, pink, or other tints of ascomycetes are due to the color of their __________.

Conidia

In flowering plants, the __________ generation is dominant.

Diploid sporophyte

Which one of the following is mismatched?

Dutch elm disease-glomeromycetes

Extracts from the ginkgo tree are sold in over the counter (OTC) medicines purported to increase memory. Extracts from what other gymnosperm are also sold in OTC medicines, some of which have useful effects and others of which have controversial effects?

Ephedra

The process occurring at point 3 in Figure 29-2 is:

Fertilization

The structure labeled 2 in Figure 28-1 is the:

Filament

One ancestral characteristic remaining in representatives of the Chytridiomycota is:

Flagellated cells

Which of the following phyla is unusual, as it is composed of a single species?

Ginkgophyta

What am I? I am coenocytic, lack sexual reproduction, and reproduce asexually via blastospores.

Glomeromycetes

Black bread mold is __________, which means that it is self-sterile.

Heterothallic

A __________ is a filament that makes up the vegetative body of most fungi.

Hypha

If a flower has sepals, petals, and stamens but lacks carpels, then that flower is:

Incomplete and imperfect

Mycorrhizae benefit plants by:

Increasing absorptive surface area of roots

The largest cones produced on a pine tree, the ones we are typically most familiar with, are the female cones that contain:

Megasporangia

A __________ is a tangled mass of hyphae.

Mycelium

Most fungal spores are __________ reproductive cells that are produced __________.

Nonmotile; sexually or asexually

In plants, ovules develop into:

Seeds

When bread gets moldy with visible black or blue spots, you are looking at masses of the colored:

Spores

An example of a member of phylum Zygomycota is:

The black bread mold

Which is NOT a member of phylum Ascomycota?

The black bread mold

The endosperm of an angiosperm seed is typically:

Tripolid (3n)

An example of a plant disease caused by a basiodiomycete is:

Wheat rust

Pine pollen is primarily disseminated by:

Wind

A basic difference between gymnosperms and flowering plants is:

gymnosperms produce seeds borne naked, while flowering plants produce seeds enclosed within a fruit.