COM 220 Final IFAT
What is sexual fluidity? How is that concept connected with sexual orientation?
-Situation-dependent flexibility in women's sexual responsiveness -Fluidity is considered an additional component to a woman's sexual orientation
Provide 2 examples of Social Exchange Theory
1) Cost-benefit analysis: Someone is needy or annoying, different interests Ex: Someone is needy but they make you feel good 2) Reward: Attractive, positive, make you feel good Ex: *The bachelor- compare; does the good outweigh the bad?
Relationship dissolution
1) Differentiating: ("You like him I do not") 2) Circumscribing: ("Not tonight, I'm too tired to talk") *Psychological 3) Stagnating: ("You never take out the garbage") *Maintaining 4) Avoiding: ("I don't want to attend that with you") *Physical 5) Terminating: ("We're no longer Facebook official")
Relationship development (Knapp & Vangelisti)
1) Initiating: ("Hi, my name is Ryan. Nice to meet you.") 2) Experimenting: ("What kind of pizza do you like? Let's get cheese.") 3) Intensifying: ("Wow, we are really alike. I care about you too!") 4) Integrating: ("We should live together.") 5) Bonding: ("Will you marry me?")
Assumptions
1) Relationships are not linear 2) Relational life is characterized by change 3) Contradiction is the fundamental fact of relational life 4) Communication is central to organizing/negotiating relational contradictions
Levels of developing friendships
1) Role limited interaction 2) Friendly relationships 3) Moving towards friendships 4) Nascent friendship - relationship rules 5) Stabilized friendship 6) Waning friendship
Storge
A comfortable, even-keeled kind of love based on friendship and compatibility
Commitment
A decision to remain in a relationship
Eros
A powerful, passionate style of love that blazes to life suddenly and dramatically
Friendships generally begin with: A)Nascent friendship B) Role-limited interaction C) Stablized friendship D) Friendly relations. E) Initiation
A) Nascent friendship
Dyadic (Rollie & Duck)
Communication to the other
Neutralizing
Compromising/splitting the difference
Partners in relationships have __________________ throughout the relationship
Conflicting desires
_______________ refers to the extent to which family members are expected to adhere to family hierarchy and conform in beliefs, whereas __________________ refers to how open- and closed- communication is.
Conformity orientation; conversation orientation
Relational life is in ______________
Constant motion
True or False Women should not make eye contact to improve their probability of being selected.
False
True or False: The median age is approximately 25 for women, and higher for those who live in urban locations
False
True or false: 75% proportion of American women are married
False
True or false: Men do not disclose personal feelings or vulnerabilties to their friends
False
True or false: Relationship rules are spoken understandings that regulate how people interact
False
Trust
Involves believing in another's reliability (that he or she will do as promised) and another's effort to look out for our welfare and our relationship
Psychological Responsibility
Involves remembering, planning, and scheduling family matters
Separates
Live together but view their relationship more as a matter of convenience than a result of their mutual love or closeness
What should men have or do in their profile pictures according to the Modern Relationships chapter? List two ideas.
Look into the distance, looking for adventure, or with an animal
Protective families'
Low conversation and high conformity
Mania
Manic lovers have the passion of eros, but they play by ludic rules-a combination that can be perilous. Manics may obsess about a relationship and be unable to think about anyone or anything else
According to research, even now with online sites and mobile applications, the greatest influence of interpersonal attraction is: A) Nonverbal cues B) Love style or languages C) Trust D) Proximity E) Passion
Proximity
People try to ___________ their conflicting desires.
Reconcile
Conversation Orientation
Refers to how open or closed communication is
Conformity Orientation
Refers to the extent to which family members are expected to adhere to a family hierarchy and conform in beliefs
Internal tensions
Relationship stresses that grow out of people and their interactions. Three such tensions inlcude relational dialectics, diverse communication styles, and sexual attraction
Committed romantic relationships
Relationships between individuals who assume that they will be primary and continuing parts of each other's lives
Friends of the heart
Remain close regardless of distance and circumstances
Dual Perspective
We must understand our friends' perspectives, thoughts, and feelings
Novelty/Predictability
We need to do something new and different/I like the familiar rhythms and routines of our relationship
During this stage, friendship tend to rely on general scripts and stereotypes because they do not have enough personal knowledge of each other in a dual perspective. A) Nascent friendship B) Role-limited interaction C) Stabilized friendship D) Moving toward friendship E) Friendly relations
B) Role-limited interaction
According to Aziz & Kleinenberg, how should women orient themselves towards the camera in profile pictures. A. Straightforward or B. Flirting
B. Flirting
Less agreement about what a family is exists, but the majority of American still conceive a family as __________, ___________, & __________.
Blood, law, & kinship
Friends of the road
Change as we move along the road of life
Assertion
Clearly and nonjudgmentally stating what you feel, need, or want
____________ states that people apply economic principles to evaluate their relationships. A) Relationship repair theory B) Equity theory C) Social penetration theory D) Social exchange theory E) Selective perception theory
D) Social exchange theory
The counterpoint to evaluation is _____________.
Description
Hooking up
Engaging in some degree of sexual activity with a person with no expectation of seeing that person again, is an increasingly popular form of initial get-together
Grave-Dressing (Rollie & Duck)
Erasing everything of that person from your life
Primary styles of love
Eros, storge, and ludus
Disqualifying
Exempting certain issues from general topics or situations
Interpersonal conflict
Expressed tension between people who are interdependent, perceive they have incompatible goals, and feel a need to resolve thos differences
Equity
Fairness based on the perception that both people invest equally in a relationship and benefit similarly from their investments
Intimacy
Feelings of closeness, connection, and tenderness
External pressures
Friendships may encounter pressures from outside sources. Three such pressures are competing demands, personal changes, and geographic distance
Agape
Generous and selfless, they put a loved one's happiness ahead of their own without any expectations of reciprocity
Consensual Families
Have high conversation orientation and high conformity orientation
What is the difference between hearing and listening?
Hearing - Physiological activity that occurs when sound waves hit our eardrums. Listening - Active, complex process that consists of being mindfulness, hearing, selecting, organizing, interpreting, responding, and remembering.
Pluralistic families
High on the dimension of conversation and low on conformity
Openness/Closedness
I like sharing so much with you/There are some thing I don't want to talk about with you
Autonomy/Connection
I need my own space/I want to be close
Friendship relationship rules are __________, not _____________ understandings.
Implicit; explicit
Selection
In which we give priority to one dialectical need and neglect the other
Three dimensions of committed romantic relationships are:
Intimacy, passion, and commitment
Certainty
My way or the highway/close minded *Ethnocentrism aligns with certainty Example: Trying to talk to grandparents about sexuality and they don't understand because they believe it's wrong but you are more open minded
During the ____________ stage friends negotiate rules for their relationship
Nascent Friendship
Integration
Neutral
Provisionalism
Open minded/willing to hear other opinion's
Relational Dialectics
Opposing forces, or tensions, that are continuous and normal in personal relationships
Laissez-faire families
Parents and children have limited connection interaction, children are inclined to be relatively independent of parents, and family members may not feel close bonds
Ludus
Playful love
Secondary styles of love
Pragma, mania, and agape
Pragma
Pragmatic or practical love
Relational Culture
Private world of rules, understandings, meanings, and patterns of acting and interpreting that partners create for their relationship
Traditional Couples
Share a basic belief system and philosophy of life
Heteronormative
Stage 1: Establishing a family, Stage 2: Enlarging a family, Stage 3: Developing a family, Stage 4: Encouraging independence, Stage 5: Launching children, Stage 6: Postlaunching of children, and Stage 7: Retirement
Social Exchange Theory
States that people apply economic principles to evaluate their relationships: They conduct cost-benefit analyses
Independents
Stress their individuality. The relationship is important but never more important than each person's individual identity
Five Western expectations for friendship
Support, trust, acceptance, willingness to invest, and emotional closeness
Social (Rollie & Duck)
Telling your friends or your closest social group that you're breaking up with someone
Cyberbullying
Text messages, online comments and rumors, embarassing pictures posted online, and videos and fake profiles that are meant to hurt another person and are sent by email or smart phones or posted on social networking sites
Relationship Rules
Unspoken understandings that regulate how people interact
What is a dual perspective? How is it applied in friendships?
The ability to understand both your own and another's perspective, beliefs, thoughts, and feelings.
Ethnocentrism
The assumption that our culture and its norms are the only right ones
Self-disclosure
The intentional revelation of personal information about ourselves that others are unlikely to discover in other ways
Communication Climate
The overall feeling or emotional mood between people-warm or cold, safe or anxious, accepting or rejecting, open or guarded-that is shaped by verbal and nonverbal interaction between people
Placemaking
The process of creating a comfortable personal environment that reflects the values, experiences, and tastes of the couple
Neutralization
To negotiate a balance between two dialectical needs
What are the four types or families depicted by Fitzpatrick?
Traditionals, Independents, Separates, Mixed
True or False: Median age of first marriage remained between 20 and 22 from 1890 to 1980
True
True or false: 90% of American will marry or try to marry
True
True or false: Most friendships face the challenge of distance, and many friendships do not survive it
True
True or false: Women are more willing to tolerate less than ideal circumstances for friendship
True
Reframing
Two tensions are no longer in opposition Ex: Long distance relationships
Passion
What first springs to mind when we think about romance. Intensely positive feelings and fervent desire for another person
Investments
What we put into relationships that we could not retrieve if the relationship were to end
Ressurection (Rollie & Duck)
When you are moved on and ready to date again
Intrapsychic (Rollie & Duck)
When you think about breaking up with someone
Second Shift
Work that one partner usually, but not always, a woman-does after coming home from a shift in the paid labor force outside the home