Comm 103 Chapter 2 Reading

Baseball, apple pie, and the bald eagle are all symbols of ______ culture.

American

Which of the following have highly individualistic cultures?

Australia Great Britain Canada

Which of the following statements best describe how culture influences communication?

Everyone has cultural traits and biases that affect communication. A person may not be aware that culture is influencing his or her own communication.

True or false: Good communicators know that ambiguity is not normal when they interact with people from another culture.

False

Gunther worked for an international manufacturing company. He took a business trip to Japan to collaborate with Japanese colleagues. When he made suggestions about changes to the manufacturing schedule, his Japanese colleagues did not object, so Gunther pushed ahead. He later learned his Japanese colleagues did not agree with his idea. Which of the following best explains what happened?

Gunther was guilty of the similarity assumption.

True or false: Culture can affect the way people communicate even without their recognizing it.

High

______ are rules or expectations that guide people's behavior in a culture.

Norms

To ______ is to change your behavior to accommodate what others are doing.

adapt

Believing that ______ is characteristic of low-power-distance cultures.

all men and women are equal

A lack of certainty of what to say or how to act in a social situation is called

ambiguity.

"Kicking the bucket" is an example of

an idiom.

Which of the following are ways to be open-minded about cultural differences?

avoiding the urge to judge differences in a negative light striving to become aware of how your culture is different from another culture

Which of the following is a value of individualistic cultures?

being oneself

Which of the following help people communicate with cultural awareness?

being open-minded being able to adapt to others knowing different communication codes

Communicating with cultural awareness requires

being open-minded about cultural differences.

Knowledge about how idioms, jargon, and gestures differ from society to society

can help you improve the effectiveness of intercultural communication.

Ambiguity is defined as a lack of

certainty.

The name for a group of people who share values, customs, and norms related to mutual interests, not nationality, is

co-culture.

Like cultures, smaller groups called ______ develop distinctive symbols, language, values, and norms.

co-cultures

Communication ______ are verbal and nonverbal behaviors whose meanings are often understood only by people from the same culture.

codes

People in ______ cultures place a high value on duty and loyalty.

collectivistic

Which of the following refers to verbal and nonverbal behaviors whose meanings are often understood only by people from the same culture?

communication codes

The difference between low- and high-______ cultures is primarily found in how directly or indirectly members express themselves in language.

context

The term "______" describes the totality of learned, shared ideas that distinguish one group of people from another.

culture

The difference between masculine and feminine cultures is the degree to which a culture

differentiates sex-specific roles.

High- and low-context cultures differ in the

directness of their language.

Which of the following are culturally universal experiences. (Select all that apply.)

distinguish right and wrong experiencing pride and shame valuing loyalty sharing gossip

Which characteristics of jargon help members of a co-culture communicate?

efficient specific accurate

Which of the following is not a component of cultures and co-cultures?

ethnicity

Which of the following specifically refers to the perception of an individual's ancestry or heritage?

ethnicity

Culture affects communication through all the following except

ethnocentric distance.

Jargon allows people to communicate in ways that are

exact.

True or false: Most cultures cultivate the goals and achievements of individuals and groups equally.

false

True or false: One's ethnicity is directly related to one's culture.

false

Which of the following are types of communication codes that tend to differ significantly from society to society?

gestures idioms jargon

Cultures differ in the amount of emphasis they place on individuals versus

groups.

A culture that believes that political power should be concentrated in a royal family or a ruling political party is called a(n) ______ culture.

high-power-distance

In what type of society do individuals learn to obey and respect parents and teachers without question?

high-power-distance

Power is not distributed evenly in ______ cultures.

high-power-distance

Every culture has its own symbols that stand for ______ that are important in that culture.

ideas

A phrase whose meaning is purely figurative is a(n)

idiom.

People on your Facebook "friends" list constitute a(n)

in-group

Groups with whom you identify are called

in-groups

Which best describes a culture in which people believe their primary responsibility is to themselves?

individualistic

The technical medical terminology physicians use to communicate among themselves about medical conditions and treatments is known as

jargon.

What feature of culture ensures that ideas are passed from one generation to the next?

language

Which of the following are often adopted by co-cultures to distinguish their members from outsiders?

language values norms

Systems of written and spoken communication are known as

language.

Being taught to question authority is characteristic of a(n) ______ culture.

low-power-distance

The belief that no one is inherently better than anyone else is an example of a ______ culture.

low-power-distance

Cultures that are ______ value ambition, achievement, the acquisition of material goods, and gender specific roles; whereas those that are ______ value nurturing, the quality of life, and service to others.

masculine; feminine

Being aware of how behaviors and ways of thinking differ between cultures is called

mindfulness.

A ______ orientation toward time treats time as a valuable commodity, as in "Time is money."

monochronic

Swiss, German, and U.S. societies are examples of ______ cultures, which view time as valuable.

monochronic

The common components of cultures are symbols, language, values, and

norms.

The rules or expectations that guide people's behavior in a culture are known as

norms.

People you have deleted from your Facebook "friends" list represent a(n)

out-group

Groups you see as different from yourself are called

out-groups

Your co-culture is not based on

shared nationality.

Presuming that most people think the same way we do, without asking ourselves whether it is true, is called

similarity assumption.

Good intercultural communicators adapt to the communicative behaviors of their conversational partners to emphasize all the following except

superiority.

Which of the following are shared components of a given culture? Check all that apply.

symbols language values

The cultural gap between societies that do and do not have regular Internet access is known as

the digital divide.

In an individualistic culture people believe their primary responsibility is

to themselves.

True or false: Differences, including views about masculinity and femininity, power distance, and orientation toward time, influence how people from different cultures communicate with one another.

true

The tendency to avoid unfamiliar and uncomfortable situations is known as ______ avoidance.

uncertainty

Individual choice, democracy, and material comfort are all cultural ______ of the United States.

values

Ambiguity is part of intercultural communication, and it offers a chance to learn which of the following about a different culture?

values traditions

A culture judges goodness, desirability, or beauty through

values.

Which of the following is not an element needed for communicating with cultural awareness?

visiting another country

Which of the following is NOT a culturally universal idea or experience?

withholding from sharing gossip

The term digital divide acknowledges the cultural gap between societies that do not have regular ______ access.

Internet

Which of the following statements about mindfulness are true?

It is required to communicate effectively with people from other cultures.

Which of the following countries have collectivistic cultures?

Japan Korea

Which of the following statements about jargon are correct?

Jargon is language with a technical meaning. Jargon may not be understood by persons outside the co-culture that uses it. Jargon is intended for understanding by people within a given co-culture.

Which of the following best exemplifies uncertainty avoidance?

Mahnoosh declines a dinner invitation at a Korean restaurant because he has never eaten Korean food before.