Comm 225 Unit 2 Exam
What are the major revenue streams for children's media producers today?
1) selling audiences to advertisers (TV, radio, media magazines) 2) selling content to consumers (movies, tv, music, video games, mobile apps, books, magazines, online media)
Explain social comparison theory. How does it relate to body image issues?
1. Individuals want to improve themselves 2. Individuals compare themselves with others 3. Individuals compare themselves and significant others to people and images whom they perceive to represent realistic goals to attain Girls vulnerable to esteem or body image are most negatively impacted Always coming up short
How did the commodification and portrayal of childhood broadly develop from the 19th century to the 1950s?
19th century - toys, sporting, play equipment, uniforms become a part of child's life Late 1800s - industrialization led to cheap productions, childhood is precious 20s-30s - child is central dynamic, toys are symbols of economic progress, parents who cannot provide common tools of children are inadequate 50s - loosen strict parenting, self determination, self discovery, family shares television
Think of the advertising clips Dr. Jordan showed in class. How did children's advertising change from the 1950s, to the 1960's to the 1980's?
50s - family targeted programs and advertisements (kool-aid commercial, I love Lucy) 60s - Saturday morning cartoons (animation more and more, trix commericail) 80s - cable tv, program length commercials (he-man), audience segmentation
How was the Garrison et. al study designed and what did they find about the relationship between media and sleep?
617 families ages 3-5, survey and media diary, screen time for a week, sleep measures, behavior measures 18% report sleep problems (most often difficulty falling asleeo) 5-6 days per week, children with bedroom television more likely to get worse sleep
What is computational social science? And what are the digital breadcrumbs it utilizes? How do digital breadcrumbs differ from metadata and where does the term digital breadcrumbs come from?
A transdisciplinary research approach that applied advanced computing methods to the study of digital breadcrumbs as a means to understand human behavior Digital breadcrumbs: electronic records of individual, interperspnal, or group behavior that are crated through interactions with and through technology
How do deLeeuw and Buijzen define positive psychology and how do they apply it to children's media?
A turn from the study of illness, problems, deficits to study positive, focus has been on happiness and what makes life worth living, what happens to well-being when one engages in acts of kindness or expression of gratitude
What are the different ways in which scholars have defined "media literacy"?
Ability to access analyze evaluate and communicate messages in a variety of forms Both the media's offerings and social interactions play a crucial role in understanding digital media literacy, awareness vs. action, all media messages are constructed, each medium has different characteristics, strengths Produced for a particular purposes
What has changed to raise the rates of obesity among children? How does the media figure in this increase?
Abundance of certain kinds of foods (cheap, high calorie, low nutrition) Extensive reach of advertising for these foods Decrease in physical activity Increase of media use and availability of screens Genetics
What is "intersectionality" and how might it relate to children and adolescents' experience with media?
Assesses links between different dimensions of identity, different forms of inequality, and different degrees of marginality, aspects of dislocation from multiple centers for power
What is meant by the social construction of childhood?
Assumptions about what the experience of childhood should be, lay theories about child development and media effects, available data sets
What are some of the methods that researchers use within computational social science and how do they help researchers studying media and children?
Automated test analysis, network analysis, computational modeling, social patterns over time, at massive scale, and across analytic levels that were impossible in recent past, ex for Teen Mom see who is using birth control
What are the various levels at which one might observe the "effects" of violence in media?
Beliefs about the world, attitudes about violence (Acceptability), affect (empathy, desensitization), physiological arousal, behavior (willingness to intervene prosocial behavior)
How did the Telecommunications Act of 1996 try to influence children's programming?
Blocking technology - V Chip Program ratings
List three things that drives media coverage of media effects.
Broad Audience, Sensationalistic (rare to see stories that look at good things media does, negativity), implications/advice
What does it mean that broadcast radio and TV are "publicly owned" and how did that come about?
Cable vs. broadcast Broadcast uses publicly owned airwaves, needs license granted by FCC Scarcity principle
What did the Pastore hearings show about media and children and what happened as a result of them?
Concern with effects of violent television and mental health Not the first time Congress was exercising its constitutional role under the Communications Act, but intensified issue
What do stereotypes reflect about child development?
Concrete operational stage Classification and Predictability Beginnings of identity development Move toward peer group affiliation
What are the Pastore hearings and what were the consequences of them?
Consequences: Family hour, research on prosocial effects, research on anti-social effects, no change in amount of violence on TV, Gerbner's violence index (how characters use violence on TV) $20 million grant for the funding of PBS
How do we ensure that programming about sex education don't have a boomerang effect and encourage greater sexual activity among teenagers, especially now that sexual content on TV has skyrocketed.
Conversations need to happen and birth control, condoms, etc need to be portrayed on television, need to provide diverse approaches to an issue, different for different shows, resonate differently with different audiences
What are some of the benefits and some of the ethical considerations of doing experiments with your own children?
Could find connection that we can't explain, helpful to track progress and see trends an d norms, there are limits, but children who aren't in digital stream are underrepresented, no privacy, ethical
: What is counter-marketing when it comes to food/beverage industry? Be prepared to give an example we discussed in class.
Counter marketing sugar sweetened beverages, anti sugary drink commercials
What are the differences between script/schema theory, social cognitive theory, cultivation theory, and the looking glass-self?
Cultivation Theory - the more time children spend living in television world, more likely they are to believe that social reality aligns with the reality portrayed on television, First order - general beliefs about the world, second order - specific attitudes toward people, places, things Social Cognitive Theory - Children look for character with whom they can identify, children strive to be like those who are rewarded Looking glass self - we imagine how we must appear to others, we imagine and react to what we feel their judgment of that appearance must be, we develop our self through the judgments of others
According to Vygotsky, what is a dominant activity and what do dominant activities - not including media - (e.g. art, sports, school, music, religion) provide for youth?
Dominant activities are ubiquitous among children within a particular culture, provide pertinent information about our culture (social values), non0media = sports, stuffed animals, play school etc. media help make sense of current cultural norms and values Create social values: creativity, collaboration, discipline, problem solving, authority, diversity of thought, critical thinking
What is the difference between the "drench" and "drip" hypothesis as it relates to exposure to violence in media?
Drench: disturbing single exposure, habitual viewing = drip, short term physiological reaction and intense long lasting (anxiety, depression, etc.)
What does the E/I rating indicate? What are some of the criteria used by researchers to determine if the show is educational?
EI (educational/informational) program Lesson, is it commonly known, clarity/accuracy, age appropriate, counter messages, clarity, integration, involvement, applicability
Describe and delineate the differences between feasibility research, formative (reach; uptake) research, efficacy research, evaluation research, and summative research.
Efficacy: if parents adopt behavior , does it result in change creators hope to see? Formative research: how families talk about issues, chaotic and confusing, not neat and tidy Evaluation research: systematic evaluation of carefully measured exposure to an intervention to see if outcomes are achieved, which elements are the most successful, for which populations Summative: pre/post, quasi experimental, findings see that more comfortable and declines happen
What is the role of the FCC in US media policy? What are the "public interest" obligations that media organizations have.
FCC: independent regulatory body created by Congress in 1934 Administers licensing process "Public interest, convenience, and necessity" Cable and satellite are not bound to serve the public interest because they do not use the broadcast airwaves to distribute content
What is the evidence she is using to make her argument?
Finds that teens who spend more time than average on screen activities are more likely to be unhappy and those who spend more time on non screen are more likely to be happy
Why is there more research on the negative effects of media than the positive effects?
Focus has historically been on negative effects anti social vs. prosocial, easier to document the negative
Why are controls important in experiments? List two reasons.
For cause and effect To compare differences easier and see what would happen without
What are the differences between formative and summative research? What are the kinds of questions and methodologies you would use for each?
Formative: environmental scan, review of theory and literature, focus group testing, likability, usability, comprehensibility Summative: reach (right audience), short term vs long term educational effects
What is the Ready to Learn (RTL) program and how is it trying to narrow the academic achievement gap for underserved children?
Game features can play on desktop computers, tablets, etc., bring content to communities, public libraries and community centers
How does Wartella use Vygotsky's concept of "Zone of Proximal Development" to argue that interactive media technology could be considered a cultural tool? What evidence do we have to support or undermine her claims?
Gap between current level of development and understanding the more advanced experiences that contribute to learning Video deficit, evidence is scarce, evidence of learning through sesame street, media can spur development especially in a social sense
What are the differences between the General Aggression Model and Social Cognitive Theory? Describe each and how they differ.
General Aggression Model - how social personological, and biological factors interact to bring about aggressive behavior Attempts to account for both short-term and long-term effects Social Cognitive Theory - Identification, justification, reward/punishment, realism
How has the government regulated the industry, and how has the industry responded?
Gov regulations, committee to study problem, could not agree on nutritional guidelines McDonald's commercial with active movement, physical activity and happy meals
What are the ways, according to Van den Bulck, that children can influence the rules around media use in the home?
Habitual rules - common repeated interaction (i.e. family doesn't sit down for dinner until Simpsons is over) Child observes that they can manipulate a pattern using media (ie. Bedtime) Parametric rules - boundaries (passive - no medical dramas, scare children or active - news after dinner, child needs quiet)
What are Barlett et. al studying about the importance of sleep? How did they design the study and what were they able to find?
Heavy media use, sleep, BMI, attention, aggression 1317 3rd 4th and 5th graders, 13 month longitudinal study, relationship between wave 1 screen time and wave 3 helalth outcomes, as screen time increases, sleep time decreases
What was the VERB campaign? How would one measure whether the VERB campaign was successful in reaching its goal?
Help children develop habits to foster good health over a lifetime Directive: use methods that are employed by the best kids' marketers Funded at $125 million Paid advertisements (media buys) plus school and community promotions and an internet website, for Tweens to move, play, be active, go outside, VERB: part of speech that expresses action, encourage to find verbs to define them or what they enjoy, congressional appropriation: $339 million, 2002-2006, TV advertising, partnerships with media outlets, more exposed to campaign = more physical activity, had trouble establishing causality,
Why do we stereotype?
Helps us manage demands on cognitive capacity Serves our self-enhancement needs Not inherently negative and can serve important cognitive and social functions
Think about vertical and horizontal integration: how do they differ and how do they relate to media companies?
Horizontal: many outlets for product (broadcast, cable, theatre, music books, corporate synergy, ie. DISNEY, similar company in the same industry Vertical: each rung of conception to production to distribution ladders (writers, producers marketers, distributors - amazon kids), before or after acquiring company in production process, no middle man, cheaper
According to Wartella, in what ways can media be considered cultural tools in the Vygotskyian sense?
How does growing up in a ubiquitous media environment shape type of adults they will become? Laid by vygotsky, mass media and interactive technology mediate social interactions, as cultural tools they impact development and learning
What is complex systems modeling, and how could it help us design media for children?
How independent factors influence educational outcomes Ecological systems theory Researchers input a variety of data that they suspect might be related to a particular outcome, and computer algorithms test which combinations of data best predict outcome
What, according to Lim, is transcendent parenting? What role does media play in this form of parenting?
How media have necessitate the extension of parents' purview Beyond traditional, physical concepts of parents to incorporate virtual and online parenting Parents must be a part of children's media environments (on and offline) Parents experience an apparent ceaselessness of parenting duties (timeless time)
What do Brunick et. al contend are the components and formation process of parasocial relationships? How does the "uncanny valley" relate to these?
Human viewers have strong negative visceral reactions to the characters if they approach the humanoid form too closely The Polar Express - characters looked to humanoid Creating connections: same interests, similar life situation, same emotional level, attachment, social realism
Think about the Sesame Street article in the Atlantic that we discussed in class. What was the Atlantic article seemingly arguing, and what were the economists conducting the study showing in their work?
Inequality in academic achievement, need a quality early education experience TV is the largest and least costly early childhood intervention Sesame Street academic effects persisted Seasme street is cheaper than head start 1st in the country to focus on educational content using research based curriculum Different races living together, diversity, showed different world than typical pre-k classroom TV can be a force for good Take w a grain of salt, forgot to think about of may factors (lo wincome, not about show, etc. did not know how much they watched sesame street)
How does marketing influence food/beverage consumption of children and how has it changed? Would media literacy efforts be helpful in addressing these marketing efforts?
Influences the way children think about what a snack is (proportion, type) Influences choice they make in food/beverage selection Influences the foods that parents think they should make available Children know what an ad is but critical viewing does not make them less likely to choose junk food Food advertising has increased exponentially and is more diverse
Think about how media literacy is different from information literacy. Refer to the principles of media literacy that we discussed in class and the goals of information literacy. What do they have in common, and how do they deviate?
Information literacy has same goals: authority is constructed contextual, information has value, research is an inquiry process, scholarship is a conversation, searching is strategic exploration
Define "intervention" and give an example.
Intervention: act or fact of interposing one thing between or among others, may be run by a variety of organizations including US agencies, pediatricians, or city health departments, emotions attitudes beliefs behaviors or combo Sesame workshop: military families w young children, media initiative that covered deployment, homecomings, parent returning injured, grief following death of a parent
Based on the exercise we did in class, describe how Teletubbies enriches the learning experiences of young children?
Introduces children 1-4 to the wonders and magic of high tech in safe and friendly way Celebration of children's play
What is the Children's Television Act of 1990? How does it relate to educational television? What were some of the dubious claims of the broadcasters?
Limits # of minutes devoted to commercials during children's programs 10.5 on weekends, 12 on weekdays Mandated increase in educational programming Implemented by FCC in 1991 Furthers positive development of children in any respect, including the child's intellectual/cognitive or social/emotional needs Jetsons is educational because future, Jumanji is jungle life, other ridiculous claims Much of educational programing was in the wee hours of the morning
How does the developmental transitions model explain media's impact on adolescents' body image issues?
Maladpative messages (thin ideal) in media predispose young audiences Messages are condoned and reinforced in the adolescent's life by family and peers through teasing or praise Messages are received a context of low self esteem, a poorly defined self concept that is typical of adolescence
What are some interventions proposed for addressing media's impact on body image issues, and how effective do you think they would be?
Manipulation of images by photo shopping makes no difference in image satisfaction, expanding acceptable bodies, develop strategies to reduce social comparison, teach nutrition, body esteem, and healthy exercise, reduce stigma of obesity
What do "effects foci" suggest about our priorities for children and how we view media in our own lives?
Media as toys, tools, lifelines Time as a scarce and precious or plentiful Autonomy and control Consumer culture
According to Warren, how do the changing aspects of media use impacts both parenting and research on media's impact on children?
Media can be accessed anywhere and everywhere Background, amount, etc. How do parents know what children are consuming? How do we get parents to care? Co-viewing, restrictive, active Media multitasking is the norm Issues: affects on type of media is harder because everyone is using all Media content is targeted and customized
How have the changes in media environment impacted parenting in 2017? What are some of the metaphors of different types of parenting that we encounter today?
Media is used as a tool for distraction Blogs and advice for parents online (inter and intra personal relationships Media is a tool for distracting parents Less free play/structure Harder to regulate content young kids are exposed to
What are some of the problems from stereotyping?
Media just link groups with desirable and undesirable characteristics, media contribute substantially to the construction and maintenance of stereotypes, stereotypes prime in unconscious ways - activated automatically
Think about the pediatrician Michael Rich's clip we saw in class. What was emphasized about media and research?
Mediatrician, some children naturally outgoing others quiet Encourage shy kids to play with toys, giving lives to toys can work through social issues and become less shy and confident playing w others Research has increased exponentially Many conducting original research
Does more sex on TV reflect more unplanned pregnancies among teens in real life?
More sex on TV does not equal more sex in real life, real data found
Based on the video Marisa Nightingale shared in class, can you think of two examples of the messaging around sex that television shows incorporated in their storytelling?
Not everyone is doing I t(less than half of people are actually having sex), seeing that something is norm can tip decision, focus on how to prevent teen pregnancy rather deal with the hysteria after, asked about birth control, educate
Identify some examples of the ways in which children serve as "knowledge brokers" in the home.
Often new media hardware are introduced by children Children help their parents with their connection and understanding of communication technologies Children influence the content of media available in homes too (music, TV)
What does Kline mean by the sentence, "Children's culture is always inflected with societal purpose?"
Often when we think about children's learning from media, content that we are required to teach them, but she said that they are always learning from TV (not if, but what) How you think about history and good and bad guys and place of native americans, etc.
What is the relationship between "outcomes" and "measurement" when one is doing research on children's media properties?
Outcome: take away value Measurement (operationalization, validity of measures, transferability)
How do we think about media's role in childhood?
Over 50% have smart phones, igeneration, generation me, smartphones are defining the world, lonely dislocated generation, depression, suicide on the rise, sleep on the decline
Think about the two studies discussed in class on media and ADHD in children, how did the researchers come to such very different conclusions and what are the implications of that?
Overstimulation hypothesis, exposure to phone in developmental, precondition mind to high levels of stimulation, inattention later in life, more TV more attention problems, self serving bias, no association between exposure and later attention, but need to have experience w environment 2 studies both respected, two different conclusions
What do Mares and Woodard find about media's ability to encourage prosocial behavior? How do they define "prosocial", how did they design their study and what did they find?
Porsocial was typically measured as altruism, television programs can encourage prosocial behavior prosocial undone if in the context of violence or conflict, little understanding for children older than 7
How does Angela Duckworth define "grit" and how does she apply it to children's learning?
Predictor of success is grit, passion and perserverance, stamina, sticking w your future, marathon not a sprint, nobody knows how to develop or get grit, growth mindset ability to learn is not fixed, changed w effort, failure is not permanent, media can encourage behaviors related to well being, and induce emotions that contribute to well being
What is the Three-Hour Rule? (1997) and how does "Core" programming relate to it? What was the problem it was trying to solve? Was it successful?
Processing guideline - not a rule, strengthens FCC's ability to enforce CTA Stipulates a min of 3 hours a week of core educational programming for expedited renewal of licenses Core programing: significant purpose, designed for children, regularly scheduled, at least 30min long, airs between 7am and 10pm, educational and informational
What does the industry mean when it says that children's media has to have "legs" to be successful?
Profitable, reaches large audiences, feels current, translatable to international audiences, able to have multiple sessions, transmedia opportunities, licensing, cross promotion
What are the pros and cons of these interactive agents working and engaging with our children?
Pros" help with autism, therapy bots, can help with social interaction in a safe setting, mimics social interaction, help maintain diet and exercise program Cons - not actual people not actually social can be addicting etc.
What do battles over children's television, including advertising to children on television, reveal about our perspectives of television in the lives of children?
Proves there is a huge affect and regulations are necessary FTC proposed rule making around advertising - worried about sugary cereal and teeth/cavities, concern over too much commercialization and programs built around toys 1980 FTC improvement Act, could not be part of the decision Wanted to ban advertising to ages 8 and younger
What is Cross Platform Learning and how does it relate to transmedia and windowing? What are the implications for research on children and media?
Refers to a child's learning from combined use of multiple related media platforms (ie TV, digital game, and hands on material) that all address the same educational concept using the same characters in world Transmedia: integral elements of fiction get dispersed systematically across multiple delivery channels to create unified and coordinated entertainment experience
How are parasocial friendships similar to interpersonal friendships in real life?
Relationships w TV characters, encouraged to feel as if they are a part of the world taking place on their television screens, persona is consistent and stable from episode to episode Similarities: entered into voluntarily, provide companionship, arise from social attractiveness, character personification, attachment, social realism
What are the ways, according to Van den Bulck, that children guide their parents' media use?
Restrictive mediation - parents can't go on snapchat Instructive/Actitve - don't watch that show, its for old people Co-viewing - adult adjusts tastes to what child wants
Be familiar with examples of how politics influences children's media policy.
Role of gov in a capitalist economy (gov overreach) Role of policy-makers in a democratic society (First amendment) Rights of media and press and individuals National nanny, lobbyists vs advocates for children Public interest, restrict in some areas but not others Cable vs. broadcast Broadcast uses publicly owned airwaves, needs license granted by FCC
Describe the "deficit based model." What is it and why is it important? How does it differ from the "asset based approach" to study CAM?
Scholars tendencies to analogue the disadvantages particular social groups face at the expense of considering strengths (asset based approach), how do media contribute to socially produced, parents are cause and solution, role modeling
Why does it matter if "everyone is an expert" about children's media?
So many different opinions and everyone thinks they know what's best for themselves, their family, etc.
What are the conditions under which children learn from TV?
Social meaningfulness, social contingency, interactivity and personalization
What is Jean Twenge arguing about cell phones' impact on adolescents?
Social psychology and popular press books, the narcissism epidemic and generation me
How does meta analysis help us understand the effect of violence in video games? What does the meta-analysis about the effects of violent video games show?
Statistical analysis of previous studies, summarize vast amounts of data, ability to look at differences between studies (ie. Do experiments yield grater effects than surveys)
What are the critical lessons that Hispanic Information & Telecommunications Network (HITN) applies in designing and distributing transmedia learning resources to promote school readiness? What was the Sesame Seeds program intending to do? How did formative research impact its direction?
Syrian refugee crisis, 5 million children displaces no opportunities to learn or play, extreme violence, toxic stress, sesame street in refugee camps (HIV positive character)
What did Anderson find about children's "cognitive involvement" in viewing television? Be familiar with how he tested attention.
Takes sesame street, children don't understand pay attention or comprehend, random, backwards, greek etc. argument was that children could watch anything, proved it wrong by saying children could not understand
What features of a show such as "Daniel Tiger" encourage engagement with children (and why is it important)?
Talking to an audience, bringing them in, engagement in pseudo-conversation, develop relationships, familiar family structure, etc.
What does Van den Bulck mean by the "child effect"? How does it differ from "intergenerational transmission"?
The child-effect is the influence that children have on parents Background TV experiment and how it hurts a child's development Intergenerational transmission is a process by which parents influence children Socialization is when children internalize rules and norma of a society
How does Martin Seligman define positive psychology? How can we utilize it to study children and media?
The scientific study of positive human functioning and flourishing on multiple levels that include the biological, personal, relational, insitituational, cultural, and global dimensions of life
What are "edudiamonic motivations"? Be prepared to give examples.
The use of media as a source of meaningfulness seeking Tear jerkers, horror films, purge negative emotions,
How do Pfaff-Rudier and Risemeyer approach media literacy through the lens of "self-determination theory"?
Three basic needs necessary for growth and well being Competence: technical, economic legal contexts that relate to media system, Access and acquire knowledge, access technology, use critical thinking to analyze media messages Autonomy: more independent and agreement with for Relatedness: desire to feel connected to others, to love and care, and to be loved and cared for, maintain and deepen existing friendships, communication skills
What can a Furby or a Tamagotchi teach children?
Tomogachi: feed character, play games, clean up in it, take care Furbi - eyes that move, no off switch, care about another being, looking at needs, animism, care of pets
What are some of the ways in which the portrayal of unplanned pregnancy has evolved?
Used to focus on hysteria and like an epidemic and something that needs to be fought against, but now its about how to prevent it rather than the hysteria afterwards, thats the shift, how to prevent no the hysteria afterwards
What is the V-chip? What does it do, why is it important, and did it work? How did Dr. Jordan study families' use of the V-chip?
V chip detects TV ratings and gives parents ability to control viewing of violent content TV-Y, TV-Y7, TV-G, TV-PG, TV-14, TV-MA, S, V, L, D, FV Ratings for age, ratings for content, device for blocking based on age and content High Info (27 inch V-chip and showed how to program), Low Info group (no special training), control group, 8% used, 22% tried, 70% never tried Parents don't feel need it to supervise viewing, didn't get the v-chip, hidden and difficult to program
Based on the three recent instances of media coverage of media effects on children that we discussed in class (FB depression, attention, early learning), what were the problems inherent in press coverage of media effects?
Very subjective, media bias is real, use bias and sources that confirm claims, need to be taken with a grain of salt and all sides need to be critically looked at
What is the difference between violence and aggression? How do Bushman and Huesmann define violence? Was the clip from Creed, shown in class, an example of violence? Why or why not?
Violence: any behavior intended to harm another person who wants to avoid the harm (observable, social, intentional, all violent acts are aggressive, not all aggressive acts are violent
What are some of the differences in how Vygotsky and Piaget think about child development?
Vygotsky - the structure of children's thinking and higher order mental processes are largely mediated by the nuances of a child's culture and the historical conditions of society, cultural tools = speech, writing, # systems used to understand and navigate individual social interactions Piaget - constructivist child, interactions with environment rather than others were driving force behind cognitive development, learning and development proceed in the universal, hierarchical ways that do not account for the contributions of culture
What do Alper, Katz and Clark identify as some of the problems in CAM (Children Adolescent Media) research?
WEIRD populations (western, educated, industrialized, rich, democratic) Privileges the vvalues, practices, and experiences of middle class and majority cultures Always bad not good Katz - joint media engagement is more common in immigrants, meaningful learning outcomes Alper - strategically alter media and tech use to adapt their child w a disability and make family life more harmonious in the process
What are the two dimensions of Baumrind's parenting style matrix, and what are the four categories that emerge? How could these parenting styles manifest in the mediation practices of children?
Warmth and Control Authoritative (High warmth, low control) Authoritarian (Low warmth, high control) Indulgent (high warmth, low control) Neglectful (low warmth, low control) Mediation Practices Authoritative: aim at raising self-confident children capable of self control and self expression Authoritarian: more like to want to minimize risk by maximizing restrictions
Think of the film clip of High School Musical, shown in class. How does it relate to anticipatory socialization, transmedia, windowing, international markets, and cultural imperialism?
What American shows to do American kids vs kids in other countries
What are the various ways in which one might define the measures of "success" when it comes to children's media?
What are the various ways in which one might define the measures of "success" when it comes to children's media?
Describe the "Talk, Listen, Connect" intervention. What were the results?
What is the intervention, who is it targeted to, what were its results
What are the ways in which sibling effects media choices in children?
What kinds of TV programs a child watches in their earliest years How much time a child spends watching TV or playing video games How they use media (when, where, how) Comments while consuming videos
How did the Daddy Matters videos work with the Zero to Three campaign that Marisa Nightingale discussed in class?
Why dads matter, collated with 0-3, new authentic dad there to spread messaging, easier to tell if hitting target with views, likes, subscribers, straight to audience, content creator, very subtle and authentic, trust
