Communicating Effectively Final Exam

What is the danger in using noninclusive language?

It can limit the real-world opportunities of certain groups.

Why can censorship be seen as a danger to democracy?

It infringes on autonomy.

Reconciling needs of the group task with group members' relational needs is one of the challenges of shared leadership.

True

Social interactions among co-workers at work help to establish informal communication networks.

True

If you discover that you have less time for your presentation than you initially thought, a good way to shorten your presentation is to leave out some examples or questions.

True

Strong, credible information is a necessary part of every persuasive speech.

True

Technology easily allows people to misrepresent themselves.

True

The four communication metaphors represent the evolution of notions about how communication functions.

True

The potential for evaluation of our speaking performance is a primary reason we may feel apprehensive about speaking in public.

True

The potential for your presentation to reach a much wider audience is much higher in the Communication Age than it would have been at an earlier point in history.

True

Ethnocentric people are usually willing to learn about the ideas of other cultures.

False

Hearing is an active process.

False

If your audience is interested in your topic, it is not necessary for you to be interested in it.

False

In a virtual group, failure to effectively complete the norming stage could lead to group members easily withdrawing from the group due to not feeling they belong to the group.

False

Listening is a crucial skill in college, but it becomes less important as you enter the workforce.

False

Listening is a physical process.

False

Mobile communication devices are helping to clarify the distinctions between traditional communication contexts.

False

Mutual respect is also called conflict resolution.

False

Relying on nonverbal cues is a reliable way to detect someone's ethnic background.

False

Research shows that many animal species use abstract and intentional symbols to create a social world.

False

Sharing a culture with someone makes the use and meanings of emoticons and emojis very clear.

False

Stereotypes help us handle contradictory information about other people and interactions.

False

The best way to get an audience's attention is to introduce yourself.

False

The closer that two people are, the more they use face-to-face communication to connect.

False

The main difference between explanatory and exploratory speeches is that explanatory speeches focus on concepts or ideas and exploratory speeches focus on processes.

False

The process of self-disclosure involves restricting conversation with another person to the superficial layer of intimacy.

False

When giving an informative speech, it should understandable to a kindergarten-aged child.

False

When using a cause-and-effect pattern, it is often best to avoid using the words "cause" and "effect" so you can let the audience draw their own conclusions.

False

While communication metaphors have evolved, standards for ethical communication have continued to follow traditional criteria.

False

Workplace dissent is a disruptive force that weakens the culture and cohesion of any workplace.

False

What type of touch is attempting to express confidence?

Firm handshake

Mike, Amir, and Kennedy are collaborating to create a presentation for a course assignment. Based on this information, they are involved in which type of presentation style?

Group

What is the primary reason why a group exists?

Group task

Fisher says that human beings are "storytelling animals" or what he calls ______.

Homo narrans

Which is an example of a statement that aligns with one's self-image?

I am a basketball player.

While constructing his speech on the need to decriminalize marijuana, Lucas would like to ask for suspended judgment. Which statement would be best for Lucas to use in his speech?

I know there are many of you with solid reasoning that oppose marijuana use. I respect that, but I ask that you please hear out my ideas.

Which statement made by an audience member after an informative speech indicates the speech has been successful?

I never considered it that way!

Which of the following statements is true regarding the format of an outline?

If you have an "A" in your outline, you must have a "B."

A therapist is likely to be uniquely skilled at which type of listening?

empathic

Samantha's presentation for her communication class addresses the controversy about vaccinating children from the standpoint of her classmates as potential parents. What does this exemplify?

framing

Keeps communication open among members

gatekeeper

Which of the following actions would help you to better remember a speech?

getting closer to the speaker

You can reduce audience misunderstanding in your speech by ______.

giving the audience internal previews and summaries throughout the speech

If someone refers to an error in syntax, that person is referring to an error related to ______.

grammar

When groups engage in consciousness-raising talk, discussions focus on ______.

group identity

Which of the following is a required part of an informative presentation outline?

introduction

Elijah makes the decision to move in with his partner Taylor. Even though Elijah and Taylor share many personal details, Elijah does not want his partner to read his journal. This is an example of which dialectical tension?

openness and closedness

Andre is using a constant pitch or tone of voice rather than varying his inflection during the speech. This technique is called ______.

monotone

Often, nonverbal cues can be ______ than verbal messages.

more powerful

Objects that reinforce a message, elicit emotion, or add new information through a variety senses are called ______ presentational aids.

multimedia

As the Communication Age continues, it will emphasize the crucial importance of studying ______.

nonverbal communication

The Internet allows the consumer to become the ______.

producer

intimacy develops slowly, relationship rocky along the way, eventually ends in commitment

prolonged

When Carol tells Ross that the woman she is with is her girlfriend, Ross has a better understanding of the women's relationship with one another and how they relate to one another. Ross has used a(n) ______ to better understand their relationship.

prototype

Explaining to the audience why they should care about your speech is called audience ______.

relevance

When you are at a restaurant, you tell the hostess that you need a table for 5 and hold up 5 fingers. This is an example of how nonverbal communication can ______ verbal communication.

repeat

A model can be a useful presentational aid because a model is able to ______.

represent actual "things" and complex processes

Colonel Sanders and KFC

role artifact

Workers may play the hero, the outlaw, or the whisperer in the workplace. These aspects of workplace culture are called ______.

role artifacts

The kind of workplace relationships most likely frowned upon by organizations are ______.

romantic relationships

The structure of a presentation is part of Aristotle's concept of logos.

True

We can use narrative to help understand the cultural context and one another.

True

When selecting a topic, it is crucial to choose a topic that is novel.

True

Words are symbols that represent ideas, people, places, or concepts.

True

Workplace communication is similar to small group and team communication in that it is task-oriented.

True

Your interactions with others develop both your sense of self and the other person's sense of self.

True

Your thesis statement should be revealed in your speech's introduction.

True

_________ is/are created by connecting with people online across geographic barriers in order to gather, connect, and relate to people who share our interests, beliefs, and ideas.

Virtual communities

______ are words or phrases such as "um" or "like" that can disrupt the flow of our speech.

Vocal fillers

Which example best illustrates the concept of interpretation?

When Viera sees an online post from her nephew stating, "It's happening!," she get excited, believing he got the job he interviewed for.

What communication tradition comes after the Oral Tradition but before the invention of printing?

Written

Which of these scenarios involves a situational distraction?

You are studying while watching an awards show on TV.

Marriage is one way that the ______ stage of the model of interaction stages can be formalized.

bonding

Computer-mediated communication (CMC) allows users to present a carefully crafted image of the self and also gives them the capability to ______ that image.

change

The study of the ways in which time is used to structure interactions is known as ______.

chronemics

When you want to teach the audience how to set up a Twitter account, which organizational pattern would be best?

chronological

During the norming stage, group members begin to settle into their roles and have a sense of belonging in the group. This results in a sense of belonging known as group ______.

cohesion

An advantage of nonverbal communication over verbal communication is that it ______.

conveys relationships

Giving statements or ideas of equal importance an equal position on your outline is called ______.

coordination of points

Links ideas and alternative offered by member

coordinator

Luis is completing his degree in commercial art. For his final portfolio, he is required to create a website and at least two social media pages. As an artist, Luis will communicate his personality and sense of style through digital media while sharing samples of work he completed during college and at an internship for an advertising firm. Which characteristic of new media is best illustrated by Luis's portfolio?

creative

Informative and persuasive speeches are similar in that they both require ______.

credible and timely information

Communication simply conveys information about the world "as it is."

False

Having less time than you thought is, in many ways, a harder problem than having more time than you expected.

True

Extends ideas or alternative through members' suggestions

elaborator

What are three stages of workplace socialization?

Anticipatory, assimilation, and exit

Which of the following would you expect to see in a full-sentence outline to indicate a preview of main points?

"Today, I will explain the history of water fluoridation, the benefits of fluoridated water, and the cost to achieve this here."

Which of the following statements represents a call to action as it would appear in a keyword outline?

"advocate preservation of Franklin's legacy"

How many morphemes are included in the word waterfall?

2

How many steps are there in the HURIER process?

6

______ refers to a blend of both feminine and masculine traits.

Androgyny

Before beginning their speech about LGBTQ+ rights, Parker asks the audience to "keep an open mind" while they explain their beliefs. What persuasive strategy is Parker using?

Asking for suspended judgment.

Which of the following is a common deception cue?

Avoiding eye contact

Chanté and Corey are co-workers who both have complaints about various aspects of their workplace, from procedures to noise to unpleasant smells coming from the coffee area. Chanté visits with her supervisor when she has an issue she would like to address. Her supervisor has asked her to come to these impromptu meetings with a thoughtful solution to any complaint. Corey complains often, but to Chanté instead of to his supervisor. Chanté has suggested Corey talk to his supervisor, but he says he doesn't feel she would be receptive to his ideas. Which of the following statements about this situation is true?

Corey is more likely to think about finding a different job.

Calling your mother on your birthday is an example of an U.S. American cultural ritual.

False

Which is an example of the satisfaction step of Monroe's motivated sequence?

Explaining your plan to solve the problem.

A speech's conclusion must involve clear transitions.

False

According to Mead and symbolic interactionism, self-reflection is a completely internal process requiring no social interaction.

False

Aya is a doctor who is treating a patient. How can she demonstrate nonverbal immediacy?

Looking toward the patient while explaining their symptoms

Which of the following actions is an example of a relational communication competency?

Managing interactions among group members

Establishing the problem that your speech will address occurs in the ______ step of Monroe's Motivated Sequence.

Need

According to a 2014 Pew Research Center survey, who is more likely to have used an online dating service at some point?

Newer couples

Jodie ignores her own needs and is more concerned with the group's welfare and meeting the group's need in a conflict. Which type of conflict-handling style is she using?

Obliging

Which of the following numerations indicates the main points of an outline?

Roman numeral (I, II, III)

______ couples are especially likely to meet their mates online.

Same-sex

Which step of Monroe's motivated sequence involves asking the audience to change their beliefs or behavior?

Satisfaction.

______ is a good way to avoid overwhelming your audience by asking them to only make a small adjustment to begin with.

Seeking out micro changes

Deepika, Mayim, and Jezebel are all working together on a small volunteer committee that is planning a fundraising event for a local nonprofit. Since Deepika is a public relations professional, she leads efforts to publicize the event. Mayim, a web designer, is creating a website and leading discussions on handling payments through the website. Jezebel, who works as an event planner, is handling the logistics for the actual event. What are these three exhibiting?

Shared leadership approach

When looking outside at the rainy day, Rashida sighs deeply and says, "I love this weather." What kind of nonverbal communication might she use to accent this verbal message?

She says the word "love" louder and slower than the rest of the sentence.

Which scenario best illustrates the dichotomy between agency and constraint?

Siena can date, but she has to be home by midnight.

Which statement about social reality is true?

Social reality is socially constructed.

______ is the fear or anxiety associated with a particular speaking occasion that goes away after the presentation.

State CA

______ can be positive or negative.

Stereotypes

Which of the following is an example of a speech that centers on a question of policy?

Students who have achieved a B or higher in geometry class should no longer have to take more advanced math courses.

Which country is an example of a low-context culture?

Switzerland

Which statement accurately describes the Proteus effect?

The appearance and roles of avatars can lead to behavior changes in their users.

In Yolanda's workplace, almost all the employees feel energized by their company values and they identify strongly with the workplace culture they have created. By contrast, her friend Marco works at a company where most of the employees feel cut off from company values, and Marco himself identifies more strongly with his particular department than with the company overall. Which caveat about workplace culture does this illustrate?

The culture of any organization can range from strong to weak.

When viewing a photo, you notice that a person in a group of people is not smiling and appears to be standing off from the rest of the group. What nonverbal message might this indicate?

The person does not feel close to the others in the photo.

Effective delivery skills can help to build our speaking confidence.

True

What does it mean to "out" someone?

To reveal their LGBTQIA+ identity without their permission.

Which statement best describes the appropriate use of overhead transparencies?

Transparencies can serve as a great backup plan if your multimedia aids fail.

A dominating conflict-handling style can result in your group members feeling as if you have a hidden agenda and suspect motivations.

True

A keyword outline should list the transitions to use during a speech.

True

An example of an unrealistic ideal common in mainstream media is women being portrayed as thinner than most real women.

True

Both masculinity and femininity are cultural constructs that derive from particular expectations and social norms.

True

Communication is a process, as opposed to being something that is static.

True

Computer-mediated communication (CMC) experienced in real time is more realistic because it better mimics face-to-face communication.

True

Culture can be described as the rules of living and functioning in a particular society.

True

If you discover that you have more time for your presentation than you initially thought, a good way to expand your presentation is to add a Q&A session at the end of your speech to engage your listeners more fully.

True

In her persuasive speech, Saanvi uses the results of a poll she conducted with her classmates in her presentation on the topic of uniforms in high schools. This is an example of a primary source.

True

In the Communication Age, media, communication, and technology deeply permeate our daily lives.

True

Individual differences, such as sexual orientation, political affiliation, and socioeconomic status, may or may not affect how you choose your topic.

True

Informational diversity and value diversity are two examples of the kinds of resources that group members can share among themselves to the advantage of the whole group.

True

It is difficult to be informative without also persuading the audience that your information is important.

True

Nonverbal communication cues can communicate feelings and beliefs.

True

Nonverbal communication is considered more authentic than verbal communication.

True

One of the goals of the introduction is to establish the speaker's credibility and the speech's relevance.

True

Proximity is the physical and virtual distance between two people.

True

Questions of value often support questions of policy.

True

McLuhan predicted a future where people would communicate via "electric media" in ______.

a "global village"

Which of these is a good example of using a mass communication context to build and maintain relationships?

a Facebook post

When someone travels to gain understanding about different communities, they are conducting ______.

a listening tour

Impression management refers to the way in which ______.

a perception or a view of the other is formed

logos

a statistical graph

becomes intimate quickly, moves quickly to commitment

accelerated

becomes intimate quickly, but loses momentum

accelerated-arrested

Handouts should ______.

add new information or summarize main ideas

pathos

an emotional photo

Flexible, digital identities are called ______.

avatars

Kinsey and Gerard have just expressed mutual interest on a dating site and are talking on the site's instant messaging platform for the first time. Both Kinsey and Gerard are impressed with what they're hearing about each, and both wonder why the other is still single. In the course of their conversation, they realize they have a friend in common. Kinsey went to high school with Gerard's business partner, Keith, and is Facebook friends with him. According to Walther and Parks's warranting theory, Kinsey and Gerard will most likely ______.

be motivated to be more authentic in their self-representation

Individuals begin the anticipatory stage of socialization when they ______.

begin to prepare for a future job at a workplace

The National Rifle Association endorses a candidate, so you will not vote for her.

bias

Offers interpretations of member input

commentator

Which communication metaphor describes discrete senders and receivers as well as feedback?

communication as interaction

Offers alternatives that incorporate member input

compromiser

Selective attention occurs when a person ______.

concentrates on only one part of the environment

the original Starbucks store in Seattle, Washington

contextual elements

Which message design logic (MDL) views communication like a game with rules that people should cooperatively play by?

conventional

Arguments by ______ generally rely on deductive reasoning.

definition

Personal computers became available when Connie was in her 30s. She didn't have a mobile phone until she was almost 50. Connie is considered a ______.

digital immigrant

Juan just transferred to a new university, and he was looking forward to joining sports, clubs, and organizations. However, he was denied the opportunity to join a group that was seemingly open to everyone. He thinks it is because he is Hispanic. Juan suspects he is a victim of ______.

discrimination

Expressing your concerns about workplace problems with people who do not work with you is called ______ dissent.

displaced

Things that happen between a couple, such as a first kiss, and affect the level of intimacy in a relationship are considered what type of turning point?

dyadic

Which of the following is the first, "breaking-in" phase of the assimilation stage?

encounter

Ensures members have a satisfying group experience

encourager

Motivates members to offer high-quality ideas and alternatives

energizer

Formality, warmth, privacy, familiarity, constraint, and distance are words used to describe the way we distinguish ______.

environments

The ______ step in HURIER involves weighing the credibility and accuracy of the message to make an assessment about the information.

evaluating

Challenges ideas and alternatives offered by members

evaluator-critic

Inductive reasoning is most often used when crafting an argument by ______.

example

When giving a persuasive speech, Johnathan argues a larger claim and then supports this argument with several instances that exemplify this argument. He is making an argument by ______.

example

Barbara plans to give an informative speech on Astrophysics and will use terms such as "dark energy" and "Expoplanet Earth." Barbara can best engage her audience in this topic by ______.

explaining these words in simple terms

Carlos plans to give a speech about the recent volcanic eruptions in Hawaii. He wants to investigate and share information about why these eruptions might be occurring now. Carlos is giving a(n) ______ informative speech.

explanatory

What type of informative presentation would work best if you wanted to give a speech on Stephen Hawking's relatively new and controversial statement that "there are no black holes"?

exploratory

A(n) ______ presentation is one in which the speaker carefully prepares and practices his or speech and then delivers it using minimal notes.

extemporaneous

The ability of a story to match our lived experiences is known as narrative ______.

fidelity

A person makes assumptions about a person, group, or situation based on past direct interactions with similar people, groups, or situations. What is driving this person's assumptions?

fields of experience

Prior to and during the First Media Age, social identities were largely ______.

fixed and based on tradition

Odetta is staying with her grandchildren, Evan and Stella, in their home while their parents are on a cruise. The first night alone with the children, Evan asks if they can watch a movie together. Odetta tells Evan and Stella that when she was their age she had to go to a movie theatre and pay money to see a movie. "Every time?" asks Stella. Odetta laughs and explains that people didn't watch movies over and over because they did have to pay every time. "I didn't know that!" says Evan. "I've seen Star Wars like a hundred times! Think how much that would cost!" What characteristic of new media does this scenario illustrate?

flexible

Which term reflects the use of inclusive language?

flight attendant

Audience analysis can benefit you by helping you ______.

focus your speech on the audience's general attitudes and beliefs

Which of the following is an example of the democratizing quality of new media?

hashtag activism (#MeToo, #BlackLivesMatter)

Which of the following terms describes a member who is expected to be proficient in using technology and seeking relevant information on the Internet?

information giver

When resolving conflict, Christine balances open communication and logical exchanges. This is the ______ conflict-handling style.

integrating

The goal a speaker is trying to accomplish within his or speech is called the speaker's ______.

intent

Which activity exemplifies how communication may help us participate in the social world?

interacting with others in a romantic fashion

Feedback and fields of experience play important roles.

interaction

a company picnic

interactive elements

intimacy gradually grows through series of ups and down, ends in commitment

intermediate

A(n) ______ reminds the audience of what they just heard in a speech.

internal summary

If a couple begins to consider whether their relationship is like other relationships, they are experiencing a(n) ______ turning point.

interpersonal/normative

Analog code refers to the representation of things through ______.

likeness

Fallacies are failures of ______.

logos

If a speaker is trying to figure out how to start their speech using Monroe's motivated sequence, they should consider ways to ______.

make the audience aware of the problem

Speeches given in more formal settings that require a high amount of precision typically involve ______ delivery.

manuscript

Chloe is a high school student, and Jeannette, her mother, is a teacher at Chloe's high school. During a casual conversation one evening, they come up with an idea for a blog that gives both sides of the educational perspective - the teacher's and the student's. The blog is a big success, and Chloe and Jeannette attract thousands of readers and commenters. They even land an interview on the local morning news. Which aspect of new media does the story of Chloe and Jeannette's blog best represent?

many speaking to many

Niche marketing using audience demographics is typically used in ______ communication.

mass

You are attracted to someone who seems to be as good-looking as you. This is an example of the ______.

matching hypothesis

When two people in a relationship go to dinner together and also send text messages to each other later, they are using ______ to build their relationship.

media multiplexity

The signal is lost as you are using GPS to navigate Select option bias medium distraction situational distraction source distraction

medium distraction

According to O'Keefe, people use one of three approaches to communication based on how they view the nature and purpose of communication. These are referred to as ______.

message design logics

Walter Ong's primary concern in his work on the influence of technology on verbal communication was the impact of the shift from ______ on culture and education.

orality to literacy

Shanna incorporates many different sources into her political science paper, copying and pasting from a number of different websites and representing the words as her own. Shanna is engaging in ______.

patchwork plagiarism

What is the process of being aware of and understanding the world?

perception

A ______ is something that inhibits effective communication.

perceptual barrier

Most of the work is produced in the ______ stage of group development.

performing

When talking about student writing, you want to represent the frequency with which women score higher or lower on assignments than men. Which presentational aid would work best?

pie graph

The listening goal of appreciative listening is ______.

pleasure

A group of nurses are protesting unfair work hours outside the hospital where they are employed. This act of persuasion would be classified as concerning a question of ______.

policy

According to social penetration theory, which are things a person would share when in the middle layer of self-disclosure?

political views

A term with more than one meaning is called ______.

polysemic

Discriminative listening is a type of listening that ______.

provides the ability to understand the different stimuli around us in order to process the meaning

Which method for handling dialectical tensions is used the most rarely?

reframing

Which method for handling dialectical tensions has been shown to be the least satisfying?

selection

Courtney is listening to an online radio service that uses an algorithm to provide new songs that she might like based on her preferences. This algorithm is a form of ______.

selective exposure

The ______ imperative reminds us that people never truly understand their own culture until they compare it to others.

self-awareness

The five cultural imperatives for studying communication, culture, and diversity include peace, economic, technological, ______.

self-awareness, and ethical

Two people talk loudly nearby as you try to finish your term paper.

situational distraction

You are generally drawn to smart and funny people. Therefore, when someone tells a funny joke in a group of friends, you feel drawn to get to know that person better. This exemplifies ______.

social attraction

Communication shapes the world in which we interact.

social construction

Symbolic interactionism states that communication allows us to internalize and enact ______.

social values

Which part of the word disregarded is a phoneme?

the "d" sound at the start of the word

Hearing is what happens when ______ are received by the ear and brain.

sound waves

A friend uses an unfamiliar abbreviation in her text message

source distraction

At work, Elisa receives an email from her boss with a sentence in all caps. After reading the email she can't stop wondering if her boss is angry at her. What type of distraction is this an example of?

source distraction

Lowell and Paul have worked together in the same IT department for four years. They have socialized outside work, and they play golf together when the weather permits. They have developed inside jokes that never fail to make them both laugh, even though others in their department don't understand why. They are honest with each other when asked for feedback or advice and celebrate after work when one finishes a big project successfully. Lowell and Paul are ______ peers.

special

The second level of interpretation of the coordinated management of meaning (CMM) theory is the ______, which refers to the tasks and activities we perform through speech.

speech act

If a person asks where the grocery store is, and you point to the corner, you have demonstrated using nonverbal communication to ______ verbal communication.

substitute

Which type of communication climate is most likely to foster free flow of communication?

supportive

"There are some things money can't buy. For everything else, there's Mastercard."

symbolic artifact

You'll need to spend a fair amount of time explaining terms when presenting on a topic that is ______.

technical

Media awareness, one of the benefits of being a good listener, generally requires ______.

the ability to selectively evaluate messages

What technological development did Johannes Gutenberg contribute to the development of a new communication tradition?

the printing press

In the Electronic Tradition (first media age), news and information were released ______.

through a highly centralized production

What is the general purpose of a defense or prosecuting attorney's closing remarks in a trial?

to persuade

People send and receive messages simultaneously.

transaction

When building a speech, it is important to use ______ to connect the different points of your presentation.

transitions

The receiver is passive.

transmission

What is the first step in an informative speech introduction?

using an attention-getter

ethos

valid credentials

If you learn best by watching demonstrations or seeing descriptive explanations of a topic, you are most likely which type of learner?

visual

Lela is thinking about how well her speech is going to go. She imagines herself standing at the podium with confidence and her audience smiling at her. Which method is Lela using to reduce her CA?

visualize a successful presentation

Which of the following industries demonstrates a short-term time orientation?

walk-in hair salons

Walt Fisher defines narrative as ______.

words that have sequence and meaning

When you have regular interactions with your coworkers as a result of employment at the same organization, you are developing ______.

workplace relationships