Communication Exam 1
A learned system of knowledge, behavior, attitudes, beliefs, values, rules, and norms that is shared by a group of people and shaped from one generation to the next is called a _____. a. culture b. race c. class d. nationality
A
A person who tends to listen to reach a conclusion and show less concern about relationship cues and more concern about using the information gained is MORE likely to be a. Masculine b. Feminine c. Either d. Neither
A
A strategy for checking the accuracy of your interpretation of another person's nonverbal behavior is called _____. a. perception checking b. emotional expression c. regulation d. adaptors
A
Aaron was asked to give a speech to the incoming freshmen about the advantages of serving in student government. He had never given a speech before and was very nervous. A speech professor suggested that in addition to practicing, he could picture himself delivering the speech successfully, and receiving favorable feedback from his audience. Which method did the professor recommend to help Aaron manage his communication apprehension? a. Visualization b. Positive self-talk c. Reframing d. Surrounding himself with positive people
A
Alfonso is very tall and thin and cannot seem to add any muscle, although he works out in the gym four days every week. While at the gym, Alfonso compares his lack of muscle with the muscles of other men who work out at the gym. Alfonso's concern with this discrepancy is attributed to his focus on a. material self. b. subjective self. c. objective self. d. symbolic self.
A
Another word for decoding is _____. a. interpretation b. speaking c. creating d. noise
A
Brian told Pete that he could not recall the date of the upcoming exam. Brian is not using the last part of the listening process, which is called _____. a. remembering b. selecting c. attending d. understanding
A
Christa experienced extreme anxiety about the thought of giving a presentation to her classmates. On the day of the presentation, she repeated in her mind statements such as, "You are well-prepared." and "You have valuable information to share with your audience." What technique was Christa using to boost her self-esteem? a. Positive self-talk b. Visualization c. Reframing d. Losing your baggage
A
Danielle is able to observe and reflect upon her own mental states, thus exhibiting a. Self-awareness b. Self-image c. Self-expectations d. Self-fulfilling prophecy
A
Displays of culture such as clothing, jewelry, and makeup, are called _____. a. artifacts b. gestures c. illustrators d. vocalics
A
Information processing rate can be a barrier to listening because a. people are normally capable of processing information faster than most speakers speak. b. people are hardly ever capable of processing information as fast as most speakers speak. c. there is such a wide variety of processing abilities among people that no matter how fast or slow you speak, it will not be appropriate. d. recent research shows that there is little connection between speaker rate and listening effectiveness.
A
Jaclyn thinks life exists on other planets. This example illustrates which component of self-concept? a. Belief b. Attitude c. Value d. Behavior
A
Lakesha received a lower grade than she expected on her first history paper. At first she was upset but then she realized that the paper was only 10% of her total grade for that class. Which method did she use in enhancing her self-esteem? a. Visualization b. Reframing c. Self-fulfilling prophecy d. Social comparison
A
Michael is thinking about what he wants to tell Amanda about what happened at his new job rather than listening to the story she is telling. This is an example of which of the following barriers to listening? a. Self-focus b. Emotional noise c. Criticism d. Processing rate
A
Nonverbal cues that communicate feelings of interest and excitement are known by the term a. arousal b. affect displays c. dominators d. Proxemics
A
Perception involves _____. a. the arousal of our senses b. making generalizations about people c. mentally rehearsing future communication events d. looking at experiences from a different perspective
A
The aspect of communication that focuses on WHAT is said, including new information, ideas, and suggested actions, is referred to as _____. a. content b. relational c. intention d. implication e. context
A
The assessment of your worth or value as reflected in your perceptions of such things as your skills, abilities, appearance and talents is _____. a. self-esteem b. self-expectations c. material self d. ascribed identity
A
The fact that we communicate with others nonverbally even when we may not intend to do so demonstrates that communication is a. inescapable. b. irreversible. c. emphasizing content. d. emphasizing relationships.
A
The reason we say that nonverbal communication is more believable than verbal communication is that _____. a. verbal communication is a conscious activity, much of our nonverbal is not b. nonverbal communication is mostly under our conscious control c. verbal communication is more ambiguous than nonverbal communication d. nonverbal communication is less obvious than verbal communication
A
The stage of listening in which we maintain a sustained focus on a particular sound or message is _____. a. selecting b. recalling c. decoding d. attending
A
Timothy was watching a news program on the television when Emily entered the room and announced that dinner was ready. Timothy continued to watch the program, saying nothing to Emily. In this case, Timothy failed to_____. a. respond b. recall c. understand d. attend
A
Veronica noticed that her roommate responded with short, one-word answers to her questions. She suspected that her roommate was upset with her, but she didn't know why. She asked her, "It seems like you have been avoiding me all day. When I ask you a question, you answer with only a few words. Have I done something to make you mad at me?" This statement is an example of _____. a. direct perception checking b. indirect perception checking c. social comparison d. self-fulfilling prophecy
A
Which of the following is a recommended strategy for dealing with emotional noise? a. Focus primarily on the speaker's emotions. b. Avoid expressing your emotions. c. Use self-talk to manage your emotions. d. Immediately respond to the listener with your own emotional response.
A
According to your book, the problem with using 'man' as a generic reference to all people, is it _____. a. makes women seem to be the standard b. maintains sex-based perceptions c. is more awkward d. is not a problem
B
All of the following are immediacy cues that indicate liking and interest EXCEPT _____. a. face to face orientation b. dominance c. eye contact d. open posture
B
As Juan sat in his biology lab, the lab instructor was droning on about the techniques of vivisection. Juan kept thinking about the concert he was planning to attend on the weekend. Which of the following stages of listening is Juan having the most trouble with? a. Selecting b. Attending c. Remembering d. Responding
B
Don was working on his new job. When asking his new boss for information, he noticed his boss' answers tended to ramble on and this made Don second guess what his boss was saying. This frustrated Don when all he wanted was information. Don's listening style would be described as _____. a. Critical listening b. Task-oriented c. Relational listening d. Task-oriented
B
Fred tells inappropriate jokes that make fun of people who are gay or lesbian. What type of language is Fred using? a. Heterosexist language b. Homophobic language c. Sexist language d. Generic language
B
Generic language is language that _____. a. reveals bias b. uses general terms that stand for all persons or things within a given category c. reflects untrue generalizations d. reveals the assumption that the word is heterosexual
B
In their model for improving listening, your book authors suggest "Stop, Look, and Listen." The step, "Stop" refers to _____. a. stop talking b. stop being self-focused c. stop moving around d. stop processing
B
Jack announces at the fraternity meeting that there will be a dance next weekend and everyone is invited to bring their girlfriend. This is an example of _____. a. sexist language b. heterosexist language c. homophobic language d. generic language
B
Jason spends nearly two hours each day calling and texting his family as well as using Facebook to contact friends. According to James' theory of the self, Jason is taking care of his a. material self. b. social self. c. spiritual self. d. emotional self.
B
Juan has recently noticed that when he works with his group on the group project, they dismiss his suggestions. He has no idea how to go about getting them to listen to his ideas. In which level of self-awareness is Juan with regard to his communication skills? a. Unconscious incompetence b. Conscious incompetence c. Conscious competence d. Unconscious competence
B
Karen expresses to her husband that she is frustrated by his lack of help with household chores. However, he does not seem to be listening because he has just returned from work and is exhausted. This is an example of what type of barrier? a. Information b. Information-processing barrier c. Context barrier d. Attention barrier
B
Leah moves closer to George and begins to converse with him from about two feet away. At this distance, in which of George's spatial zones is Leah? a. Intimate b. Personal c. Social d. Public
B
Listening involves the processes of: a. awareness, rejecting, decoding, remembering, reacting b. selecting, attending, understanding, remembering, responding c. selecting, acknowledging, comprehending d. attending, sorting, interpreting, filtering, rehearsing
B
Nonverbal communication may best be defined as _____. a. communication that is spoken b. communication other than written or spoken language c. communication with your body d. communication with your voice
B
On his way to class, Isaac overheard his professor in the hallway discussing those "radical Bible thumpers" with a fellow professor. Isaac felt a personal sting and just couldn't get the sound of that phrase out of his mind. Later, while in the professor's class, he found that he was taking poor notes and really didn't understand the lecture for that day. Which of the following best describes the cause of Isaac's failure to listen in class? a. Self-focus b. Emotional noise c. Information overload d. Environmental noise
B
Robin suspected that her roommate, Julie, wanted to break up with her boyfriend. Rather than asking her specifically, Robin paid close attention to how Julie complained about him, avoided his phone calls, and was late getting ready for dates with him. What method was Robin using to check her perception of Julie's feelings? a. Direct perception checking b. Indirect perception checking c. Social comparison d. Self-fulfilling prophecy
B
The statement, "I'm not intelligent because my roommate makes better grades than I do," illustrates which of the following? a. Self-fulfilling prophecy b. Social comparison c. Self-expectations d. Social expectations
B
The term for the psychological and emotional characteristics of individuals that cause them to be masculine, feminine, or androgynous is a. sex b. gender c. ethnicity d. culture
B
When Keri wanted Ben to stop talking, she averted her eyes and turned her back. The function of this behavior was to _____. a.display emotion b. regulate interaction c. adapt d. illustrate
B
Which listening skill involves paying attention to nonverbal messages such as the person's posture and body movement? a. Stop b. Look c. Listen d. Respond
B
Which of the following statements is most accurate concerning stereotypes? a. All stereotypes are negative. b. We stereotype people because of our nature to simplify and categorize. c. People who use stereotypes are usually doing so intentionally. d. It is fairly easy to rid ourselves of harmful stereotypes.
B
While on a trip to the Mediterranean, Carl notes that men tend to stand very close to each other - actually touching -- when talking to one another on the street. This closeness would tend to invade which of the following for Carl? a. Intimate space. b. Personal space. c. Social space. d. Public space.
B
_____ meaning conveys the content of what a word means, and the _____ meaning contains the feelings behind words. a. Connotative; denotative b. Denotative; connotative c. Abstract; concrete d. Concrete; abstract
B
According to Mehrabian, nonverbal communication conveys _____ percent of the emotional meaning of our messages. a. 55 b. 38 c. 93 d. 14
C
Andrew had plans to be married by the age of 25; however, he turned 30 and was still unmarried. He concluded that he was incapable of maintaining a healthy relationship. Andrew's self-esteem was impacted by which of the following? a. Gender differences b. Social comparison c. Self-expectations d. Self-fulfilling prophecy
C
As Thomas delivers his speech on ethics, audience members are watching his eye contact and judging his a. Competence b. Rewardability c. Credibility d. Immediacy
C
Athena thinks that killing animals for food is morally wrong. Athena's convictions would be which of the following? a. An attitude b. A belief c. A value d. A behavior
C
Bill was visiting his friend Carol's parents in Chicago. They offered him some tea; he was very thirsty, so he said he would love some. He was very surprised when they brought him a cup of hot tea. In Arkansas where he was from, the word 'tea' always meant iced tea. If you wanted a cup of hot tea, you asked for 'hot tea.' Which of the following characteristics of language best describes this situation? a. Words have denotative and connotative meanings. b. Words reflect abstract and concrete meanings. c. Words are culture-bound. d. Words are powerful.
C
Gilberto makes a negative comment about Kristen's new haircut. He quickly recants saying, "I'm sorry, Kristen. You know I didn't mean it." Unfortunately, Kristen still feels hurt. This example demonstrates that communication is _____. a. inescapable b. intentional c. irreversible d. complicated
C
In response to his son's request, Tom said, "I don't care that you want! You'll do what I tell you to do because I am your father!" How would you most accurately categorize this response? a. It is being manipulative rather than genuine. b. It is being flexible rather than rigid. c. It is being superior rather than equal. d. It is focusing on the problem.
C
Karl felt lost in his astrophysics class. Although he wrote down everything his instructor said, the terminology was totally new to him. None of the concepts related to anything he had ever experienced before. In addition, much of the instruction was based on equations and symbols that he didn't recognize. Which listening stage is Karl having trouble with? a. Selecting b. Attending c. Understanding d. Responding
C
Keri really enjoys talking with people, learning about them, and sharing personal information. How would you describe Keri's listening style? a. Critical listening b. Task-oriented c. Relational listening d. Analytical listening
C
Kimesha listens privately to her iPod on the way to campus and wears her university T-shirt to class for her Friday lab. Kimesha is expressing her thoughts and feelings through which of the following? a. music b. art c. clothing d. hair-do
C
Kinesics is a general term for a. human movement, gestures, and the use of space b. gestures, the use of space, and posture c. human movement, gestures, and posture d. gestures, posture, and adaptors
C
Maria does not feel confident with her academic abilities in Calculus class; however, she feels at ease with her abilities in her drawing class. This example illustrates which of the following? a. Self b. Self-concept c. Self-image d. Self-fulfilling prophecy
C
Merielle's self-concept or inner identity will a. change dramatically as she ages. b. change quite a lot as she meets new people. c. remain relatively stable. d. be directly changed as her family changes.
C
Natasha contemplates her place in the universe, but not from a religious standpoint. Natasha is exploring which component of self? a. Material self b. Social self c. Spiritual self d. Emotional self
C
Since Eric is on a stage well away from his audience during his presentation, the space between him and the audience is a. intimate b. personal to invitation c. social d. public
C
Sondra is conscious of her tendency to be soft-spoken and withdrawn in communication situations. Based on this example, what characteristic of a competent communicator does Sondra have? a. She effectively interprets verbal messages. b. She appropriately adapts her communication. c. She is aware of her own communication. d. She listens and responds thoughtfully.
C
The 4-12 foot distance between ourselves and others is known as a. intimate space. b. personal space. c. social space. d. public space.
C
The University of Texas fans show the pinkie finger and the index finger to represent the sign, "Hook 'em horns," a reference to their mascot. This is an example of a(n) _____. a. affect display b. regulator c. adaptor d. emblem
C
The fear of misunderstanding or misrepresenting messages spoken by other people is part of _____. a. communication triage b. emotional noise c. receiver apprehension d. social decentering
C
The rules and standards that structure language are called_____. a. symbols b. syntax c. grammar d. all of these
C
The study of touch is called _____. a. proxemics b. artifact c. haptics d. kinesics
C
When Allen entered the classroom, he saw that he had a few minutes to spare, so he set his bag down on his favorite seat and went to the foyer to get a soft drink. Allen was using his bag as a(n) _____. a. initializer b. affect display c. territorial marker d. status symbol
C
Which of the following could best be described as an example of impersonal communication? a. Asking the teller at the bank to cash a check. b. Discussing skydiving with your English professor after class. c. Reviewing your notes for your history exam. d. Talking to your best friend about your job interview.
C
Which of the following is an attribute of interpersonal communication? a. Interpersonal communication is linear. b. Interpersonal communication is a monologue. c. Interpersonal involves responding to people's roles. d. Interpersonal communication involves mutual influence.
C
Which of the following is an example of intrapersonal communication? a. talking to a friend about biology class b. telling your roommate about a personal problem c. mentally reviewing what you have to do that day d. ordering a pizza over the phone
C
Which of the following most accurately depicts the relationship between hearing and listening? a. Hearing and listening are the same thing. b. Listening is a physiological process; hearing is a conceptual activity. c. Hearing is automatic; listening requires conscious effort. d. Listening and hearing are both passive activities.
C
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the social self? a. You are represented by the things you own. b. You are what you have. c. You have different selves in relation to different people. d. You attempt to answer for yourself, "Why am I here?"
C
Which stage of listening involves making sense out of what you hear by relating it to your past experiences and knowledge? a. Selecting b. Attending c. Understanding d. Responding
C
_____ is a person's interpretation of a symbol. a. Behavior b. Action c. Meaning d. Emotion
C
"Do you know how many books I read last week? Five!" Shawna said, holding up five fingers. This is an example of which of the functions of nonverbal communication? a. To substitute b. To complement c. To regulate d. To repeat
D
According to Maslow's framework on the process of becoming self-aware, a person whose communication skills are effective and are second nature is working at which level? a. Unconscious incompetence b. Conscious incompetence c. Conscious competence d. Unconscious competence
D
According to the textbook, which of the following statements is most accurate about nonverbal communication? a. Cultural differences have little impact on the way we interpret nonverbal messages. b. People are more likely to believe your verbal communication than your nonverbal. c. Nonverbal messages have a clear-cut beginning and ending point. d. Nonverbal messages may be intentional or unintentional.
D
Americans spend approximately 90% of their day communicating, and of that 90% what percent of the time do they spend listening? a. 15% b. 25% c. 45% d. 55%
D
As Karen sat in the classroom, she could barely hear the professor over the hum of the huge ceiling fans. Which barrier to listening does this describe? a. Self-focus b. Emotional noise c. Processing rate d. External noise
D
David sees Joe and says, "Hey, Joe. I just don't know what to do. I've got a term paper in Johnson's class, a group project in marketing, my boss wants me to work overtime this week, and now Mary is after me to go visit her parents over the weekend." Which of the following would be an appropriate paraphrase of content to David's statement? a. Well, obviously, you've got to decide on your priorities. b. So, what are you going to do? c. Mary wants you to meet her parents? d. You sound like you have a lot of demands on your time, Dave.
D
Dr. Johnson posts an announcement on her course web page that she is administering an exam on Thursday. On Thursday, she is surprised to find that over half of her students did not prepare for the exam or did not study the correct material. This misunderstanding illustrates what aspect of communication competence? a. The message should be ethical b. Emotions are expressed unintentionally. c. Communication is a linear process. d. The message should achieve its intended effect.
D
Edgar wants to develop s healthy self-esteem, so he engages in which of the following? a. Compare yourself to others b. Place a label on yourself based upon one incident c. Mentally rehearse all possible scenarios, positive and negative d. Surround yourself with positive people
D
Hearing is _____. a. how we make sense out of what we process through auditory channels b. a complex process of selecting stimuli from the environment c. a synonym to listening d. the physiological process of decoding sounds
D
Karla says, "I'm listening," while staring intently at her computer screen rather than looking at the client in her office. What function is Karla's nonverbal communication serving? a. To repeat b. To complement c. To substitute d. To contradict
D
Our personal guidelines and standards for appropriate touch are our _____. a. haptic guidelines b. back channel cues c. territory d. touch ethic
D
Restating in your own words what you think the other person is saying is called_____. a. communication triage b. receiver apprehension c. a meta-message d. paraphrasing
D
The idea that what we believe will occur in the future is likely to come true because we believe it will come true is called_____. a. social comparison b. self-expectation c. self-consciousness d. self-fulfilling prophecy
D
The study of communication is important because of which of the following? a. We can become more employable b. We can improve our interpersonal relationships c. We can improve our health d. All of the above are reasons to study communication
D
The term police officer is an example of _____ language. a. manipulative b. rigid c. superior d. gender-neutral
D
When we interpret, which of the following may be involved? a. sight and sound b. thoughts, feelings and words c. touch, smell and taste d. all of these can be included in interpreting experiences
D
When you use Facebook to send a message to a friend, you are utilizing _____ communication. a. mass b. moderated c. presentational d. mediated e. printed
D
Which of the following is included in the skills needed to listen with empathy? a. Listen primarily for the content b. Take very thorough notes c. Offer advice d. Try to feel what the other person is feeling
D
Which of the following would be less likely to be considered a co-culture in the United States? a. People with disabilities b. Asian Americans c. Gays and lesbians d. U.S. citizens
D
_____ is the study of how close or far away from people and objects we position ourselves. a. Haptics b. Kinesics c. Vocalics d. Proxemics
D
All communication involves rules that define appropriate behavior. What factors influence these rules? a. The people involved. b. The placement of the people involved. c.The culture in which people are communicating. d. The length of the message. e. Both A and C
E
Bias in language can be directed against _____. a. age b. class c. sexual orientation d. ability e. all of the above
E
Bob told Sam, "You're either WITH me or AGAINST me!" Bob's exclamation is an example of_____. a. polarization b. bypassing c. political correctness d. allness
a
