Community Health: Chapter 2
national health agencies
- primary responsibility for the protection of the health and welfare of its citizen - development of health policies - enforcement of health regulations provision of health services and programs - funding of research - support of their respective state and local health agencies
involvement in the community of the religious groups
- space for voluntary programs - sponsorship of food banks and shelters - show good behavior - allowing programs through their programs
local health agencies
- the responsibility of the city or county governments inspect restaurants, public buildings, and public transportation - detect and report diseases - collection of vital statistic uses such as birth and deaths - safety belt and immunization clinics
National Institutes of Health
- to seek fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce the burdens of illness and disability
voluntary health agencies
- was created by one or more concerned citizens who felt that a specific health need was not being met by existing governmental agencies - to raise money to fund their programs and research - to provide education both to professionals and to the public - to provide service to those individuals and families that are afflicted with the disease or health problems - to advocate for beneficial policies, laws, and regulations that affect the work of the agency and in turn the people they are trying to help
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
mission is to reduce the impact of substance abuse and mental illness on America's communities
Center for Disease Control
nation's premiere health promotion, prevention, and preparedness agency and global leader in public health
quasi-governmental health organization
organizations that some officials health responsibilities but operate, in part, like voluntary health organizations - has certain "official" responsibilities placed on it by the federal govern - funded by voluntary contributions - providing relief to victims of natural disasters - serving as the liaison between members of the active armed forces and their family during emergencies - non governmental services such as blood drive, safety services (water safety, first aid, CPR, and HIV/Aids instruction), nursing and health services, youth services, community volunteer services, and international services
governmental health agencies
part of the governmental structure which is the top down funding (federal, state, or local) and it helps promote, protect, maintain, and improve health - funded by tax dollar - having authority over some geographic area -
the National Science Foundation
the funding and promotion of scientific research and development on individual scientists
WHO (World Health Organization)
the most widely recognized international governmental health organization - funded through tax dollars - obtain the highest possible level of health - headquater is in Geneva, Switzerland
philanthropic foundations
- an endowed institution that donates money for the good of mankind - support community health by funding programs and research on the prevention, control, and treatment of many diseases - activities differ from those of voluntary health agencies - foundations have money to give away, can afford to fund long term innovative research projects which can be risky and expensive for voluntary and government funded agencies - development of vaccination for yellow fever by Rockefeller Foundation
state health agencies
- assessment of information on the health of community - comprehensive public health policy development - assurance that public health services are provided to the community
services of professional health organizations/association
- certification of continuing education programs for professional renewal - hasting of annual conventions where members share research results and interact with colleagues - publication of professional journals and other reports
Food and Drug Administration
- charged with protecting the public health by ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, and medical devices - ensuring the safety of our foods, cosmetics, and radiation-emitting products, and regulating tobacco products
nongovernmental health agencies
- founded by private donations or membership dues - arose because there was an unmet need - operate free from governmental interference as long as they meet Internal Revenue Service guidelines with regard to their specific tax status
coordinated school health programs
- funded by tax dollars - under the supervision of an elected school board school attendance is mandatory - barriers to implementation from communities - essential components: health education, a healthy school environment, and health services - instruction units includes cognitive (knowledge), affective (attitude), and psychomotor (behavior)
religious groups
- help because of the history of volunteering - can influence entire families - have accessible meeting room facilities
professional health organizations/association
- made up of health professionals who have completed specialized education and training programs and have met the standards of registration, certification, and/or licensure for their respective fields - promote high standards of professional practice - funded by membership dues - examples are American Medical Association and American Dental Association
service and social groups
- members of these groups enjoy social interactions with people of similar interests - to fulfilling service to others in their communities
Department of Health and Human Services
- nation health agency - U.S. government's principal agency for protecting the health of all Americans - providing essential human services, especially for those who are least able to help themselves
the National Academy of Sciences
acts as an advisor to the government on questions of science and technology
Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services
center for medicare and medicaid services
