comp sci unit 1

count in base 4

000 001 002 003 010 011 012 013 020 021 022 023 030 031 032 033 100 -this is how you say value 16 in base 4

Which of the following decimal values will result in an overflow error in a 3-bit system? (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 7 (D) 8 (E) All of the above

8

binary device

A device that can store or transmit a binary message.

Which of the following will NOT result in an overflow error in a 4-bit system? select all 14 15 16

14 and 15

when using colors how many bits perpic

3 bits per pixel, will make 8 colors with primary of blue green and red

binary question

A question which can be answered in only one of two possible ways.

analog image

An image depicted as a continuous spectrum of gray shades between black and white

What is the smallest number of bits you would need to ensure that you have a unique pattern for each state?

In order to make a something that shows us the 50 states, you would need 6 bits since that can represent 64 values with is 0-63

lossy vs lossless compression

Lossy compression can't be returned back to orginal. In words it takes out the vowel so y name would be pnt, gbrll. But any vowel could go in this space. lossy compression: a process for reducing the number of bits neeeded to reprsent something in which some info is lost or thrown away. this is not resersible

Which statement about analog and digital images is true? Submit With advances in technology, digital images look exactly like the analog images they represent. Sampling an analog image more frequently produces a digital image with a better representation. Analog images come from data that is measured at regular intervals. Digital images come from data that is measures continuously.

Sampling an analog image more frequently produces a digital image with a better representation.

How is a Creative Commons license different from a regular copyright?

The creative commons license is different from a regular copyright because a creative commons allows for more collaboration between artists. Therefore, the artist can choose what they allow people to use from their work.

A computer program uses 4 bits to represent integers. When the program adds the decimal numbers 5 and 11, the result is 0. Which of the following is the best explanation for the result? An overflow error occurred. A round-off error occurred. The result was affected by lossy data compression. The result was approximated by a floating-point representation.

and overflow error occured

round off error

error from attemping to represeent a number too precise so the value is rounded.

overflow error

error from attempting to represent a number to big

sampling

taking an image and making it urself

True or False: Creative Commons gives creators of digital content the ability to indicate how their works can be legally used and distributed, enabling broad access to digital information

true

Can we represent 0 or negative numbers in the Roman Numeral System ? (Research it if you don't know!)

0 in the Roman Numeral System can be represented by the word "nulla", which is the Latin word meaning "none", but there is no symbol to represent 0 since the Romans did not use it in their additive system. Negative numbers can't be represented in the Roman Numeral System either.

first values in hexadecimal

00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 0A, 0B, 0C, 0D, 0E, 0F, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F.

base 8

000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 020 022 023 024 025 026 027 030 031 032 033 034 035 036 037 040.. 077 100

In the space below, count in Decimal (base 10)

000 001 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 120

2. J.K. Rowling is considering publishing an ebook using a Creative Commons license. In which situations would it be better for her to use a Creative Commons license instead of a traditional copyright? J.K. Rowling wants to make the ebook available as a free download. J.K. Rowling wants to prevent people from sharing copies of the ebook on peer-to-peer networks. J.K. Rowling wants to allow people permission to use and modify the ebook.

1 and three

Which of the following decimal solutions could result in a round-off error? 2 * 5 1 / 7 6 - 2 3 + 8

1/7

The website Napster was originally created as a hub to share music files peer-to-peer. The website was shut down after a lawsuit was filed and Napster became a music store. What is the best explanation as to why the lawsuit came about? Napster's communications were peer-to-peer, which is illegal. Napster was essentially a music piracy site, which infringed on musicians' copyright laws. Napster did not run their service through a government server, which is required of music sites. Napster was created before streaming music was legal.

B

Which of the following is NOT a reason for a company like Google to create and use open-source software? Google's open-source software is generally free or lower in cost than commercially available software. Unlike commercial software, which can become obsolete when the company that created it goes out of business, Google's open-source software can be updated without the involvement of Google. The availability of source code makes it possible to customize Google's open-source software to a user's individual needs. Google provides free or low-cost support for users installing and running software.

D

Explain the Roman Numeral system in a paragraph (research it if you don't know). Give an example of a Roman Numeral and explain how to convert it to Decimal.

The Roman Numeral system uses the symbols I, V, X, L, C, D, and M. I represents the number 1, V represents the number 5, X represents the number 10, L represents the number 50, C represents the number 100, D represents the number 500, and M represents the number 1,000. With these symbols, there are an infinity of numbers possible. You can create numbers by putting the symbols in descending order from left to right. This would allow you to add all of the symbols values together to get the real number. For example, III is three since I represents 1 and 1+1+1=3 and XVI is 16. If there is a symbol with a smaller value to the left of a symbol with a greater value, you subtract the two values instead of adding them to get the resulting number. You can only subtract though if the two symbols are closest to each other in the roman numeral system. For example, IV is 5-1= 4 because V represents 5 and I represents 1. You can also use a bar over the symbols to multiply it by 1,000.

You've been given a new cell phone with a 2 gigabyte data plan. You plan to use your phone for text messages, images, video, and music. Which of these categories are best compressed using lossless compression? Which of these categories are best compressed using lossy compression? Why?

The categories that are best compressed using lossy compression are images, music, and videos because these things can still be seen even though there is data that can be lost. With music it can be heard just the pitches won't be as sharp. The category that is best compressed using lossless compression is text messages because texts have words, so if the data from the words is compressed in lossy, it can't be decoded back to the original, and won't be as easy to understand.

hexadecimal system

The hexadecimal system works by having the symbols 0-9 and then to get the 6 more symbols, there is A-F. A stands for the number 10, B stands for the number 11, and c stands for the number 12, and this goes on to F where F stands for the number 15. The symbol 10 would then represent the number 16, and the symbol 11 would represent the number 17. For example, if you were given the symbol 9A, this would represent the number 154. This is because the symbol furthest right is multiplied by 16^0 and then the symbols moving left are multiplied by 16^1, then 16^2 and so on. Therefore, 9 x 16^1= 144 and 10 x 16^0= 10. 144+10=154.

A computer program uses 4 bits to represent non negative integers. Which of the following statements describe a possible result when the program uses this number representation? select all The operation 7+5 will result in an overflow error. The operation 8+10 will result in an overflow error. The operation 11+4 will result in an overflow error.

The operation 8+10 will result in an overflow error.

Describe how the process of sampling, RGB pixels, and binary sequences work together to display a digital color image.

The process of sampling, RGB pixels, and binary sequences work together to display a digital color image because each pixel has a certain amount of bits. Each sequence of a bits show a different shade of color within the red green and blue pixels. The different combinations make a different shade and when the different shades are added together, it replicates the original photo.

In the binary number system, can we represent negative numbers? If so, how? Explain in a paragraph using an example

Yes you can represent negative numbers in the binary number system. You can do this by changing the leftmost symbol to a "1" instead of a "0". For example, if I was trying to represent the number 12, usually I would write 01100 in binary. Although if I wanted to make this a negative 12, I would write 11100 in binary.

Can you send a message in binary to someone you've never before communicated with? If yes, how? If not, what does the person receiving a message need to know in order to successfully decode the message? Explain in one paragraph

You can't truly send a message in binary to someone you've never before communicated with. This is because the person receiving the message would need to know how to decode it in order to successfully decode the message. They would need to know what the message stood for. If one sent someone a message beforehand where they already knew the rules to decode it, then they wouldn't have an issue decoding the message. Although if one did not previously communicate with this person before, they wouldn't have the knowledge to decode the message.

Many coding languages store an integer in 4 bytes (32 bits), which limits the range of decimal values from 2, 147, 483, 648 through -2, 147, 483, 647. Why would this limitation be put in place, given that values can be infinitely large or small? Select TWO. Programmers need values to be as small as possible to limit rollover errors. Most computed values fall within this range, so 4 bytes (32 bits) is enough for most purposes. No programmer ever needs a number outside of this range, so there's no points in extending the limit. It would be impractical to make integer values infinitely large and infinitely small for most users.

b and d

Assume your friend just sent you 32 bits of pixel data (just the 0s and 1s for black and white pixels) that were encoded after sampling an image. Choose the two statements that are true. The 32 bits of pixel data is enough to produce the image using the widget. Nothing else is needed. The digital image would be an exact copy of the analog image. The correct width and height must be input into the pixelation widget to produce the image. The fact that only 32 bits were used to represent the image indicates relatively large sample squares were used. The digital image may vary from the analog image significantly.

c and d

Which of the following would result in a better digital approximation of an analog black and white image? Increasing the size of each sample square, thus decreasing the number of samples taken. Decreasing the size of each sample square, thus increasing the number of samples taken. Using fewer bits to represent the image. Using decimal numbers to represent each pixel.

decreasing the size of each sample square, thus increasing the number of samples taken