Computer Science
Which number represents a value in every number system?
0
The highest digit in base 2 is
1
How many digits are there in the decimal number system?
10
Which number represents the value of the base in every number system?
10
In base 16, the digit D is used to represent the decimal value
13
In base 16, the digit E corresponds to what decimal value?
14
In base 16, the digit F is used to represent the decimal value
15
What is the decimal value of the largest digit in the hexadecimal number system?
15
How many digits are there in the hexadecimal number system?
16
How many things can be represented using four bits?
16
How many digits are there in the binary number system?
2
In general, how many things can be represented by n bits>
2^n
What is the minimum number of bits needed to represent 6 things?
3
How many things can be represented using two bits?
4
What is the minimum number of bits needed to represent 16 things?
4
The highest digit in base 8 is
7
What is the largest digit in the octal number system?
7
How many digits are there in the octal number system?
8
How many things can be represented using 3 bits?
8
What is the largest digit in the decimal number system?
9
True or False? A picture's resolution is determined by the color depth of the device that displays it.
False
True or False? Bandwidth is the term that describes the size of the wires connecting two computers in a network.
False
True or False? Negative numbers cannot be represented using the fixed-sized number representation technique.
False
True or False? Run-length encoding replaces common words with shorter symbols.
False
True or False? The ASCII character set is an international set that represents most of the world's languages.
False
Which of the following is not a raster-graphics format?
Flash
Which audio format is the most popular today?
MP3
True or False? A RGB value is made up of three values that represent the relative contributions of the primary colors red, green, and blue.
True
True or False? Audio data is often represented on a computer by sampling the continuous signal that represents a sound wave.
True
True or False? Every additional bit used doubles the number of things that can be represented by a binary string.
True
True or False? Huffman encoding uses variable length binary strings to represent particular characters.
True
True or False? In a signed-magnitude representation of numbers there are two representations of zero.
True
True or False? It's possible to represent four things with two bits.
True
True or False? Keyword encoding is a type of text compression.
True
True or False? The MP3 audio format uses both lossy and lossless compression.
True
True or False? The term radix point is used instead of decimal point in bases other than 10.
True
type
a category of values. the types we have seen so far are integers (type INT), floating-point numbers (type FLOAT), and strings (type STR).
expression
a combination of variables, operators, and values that represents a single result value
mnemonic
a memory aid. we often give variables mnemonic names to help us remember what is stored in the variable
variable
a name that refers to a value
source code
a program in a high- level language
high-level language
a programming language like Python that is designed to be easy for humans to read and write.
low-level language
a programming language that is designed to be easy for a computer to execute; also called "machine code" or "assembly langauge."
portability
a property of a program that can run on more than one kind of computer
keyword
a reserved word that is used by the compiler to parse a program; you cannot use keywords like IF, DEF, and WHILE as variable names
statement
a section of code that represents a command or action. So far, the statements we have seen are assignments and print statements
program
a set of instructions that specifies a computation
operator
a special symbol that represents a simple computation like addition, multiplication, or string concatenation
assignment
a statement that assigns a value to a variable
floating point
a type that represents numbers with fractional parts
string
a type that represents sequences of characters
integer
a type that represents whole numbers
interactive mode
a way of using the Python interpreter by typing commands and expressions at the prompt
semantic error
an error in a program that makes it do something other than what the programmer intended
print statement
an instruction that causes the Python interpreter to display a value on the screen
modulus operator
an operator, denoted with a percent sign (%), that works on integers and yields the remainder when one number is divided by another
What is the lowest base in which the number 10 could be a valid number?
binary
What is the lowest base in which the number 1000 could be a valid number?
binary
What is a group of eight binary digits called?
byte
What causes numeric overflow?
calculation producing a value that won't fit into the allotted space
What is the lowest base in which the number 987 could be a valid number?
decimal
bug
error in a program
Which technique for representing numeric data uses ten's complement to represent negative values?
fixed-size numbers
comment
information in a program that is meant for the other programmers (or anyone reading the source code) and has no effect on the execution of the program
Which of the following describes a natural number, the negative of a natural number, or zero?
integer
Which of the following is true about representing color as an RGB value?
it mimics the way color is perceived by the human eye
Which text compression technique replaces a frequently used word with a single character?
keyword encoding
What is the primary reason for compressing data?
limited network bandwidth
Which of the following describes the number 0 and any number that can be obtained by repeatedly adding one to it?
natural number
Which of the following is a unit in an abstract mathematical system subject to the laws of arithmetic?
number
value
one of the basic units of data, like a number or string, that a program manipulates
operand
one of the values on which an operator operates
Which of the following best describes the number of characters that can be represented in the Unicode character set?
over 65,000
Which of the following can be used to express the value of every number in any number system?
polynomial
Which of the following is an integer or the quotient of two integers (excluding division by zero)?
rational number
Which text compression technique replaces a long series of repeated characters with a count of the repetition?
run-length encoding
Recording the voltage level of an audio signal at regular intervals is called what?
sampling
Which technique for representing numeric data has two forms of zero?
signed-magnitude
secondary memory
stores programs and data and retains its information even when the power is turned off. Generally slower than main memory. Examples of secondary memory include disk drives and flash memory in USB sticks
main memory
stores programs and data. Main memory loses its information when the power is turned off.
Which of the following makes use of keyframes and delta frames?
temporal compression of video
What does pulse-code modulation(PCM) describe?
the behavior of a digit signal, which jumps between two extremes
central processing unit
the heart of any computer. It is what runs the software that we write; also called "CPU" or "the processor"
machine code
the lowest level language for software which is the language that is directly executed by the CPU
semantics
the meaning of a program
floor division
the operation that divides two numbers and chops off the fraction part
problem solving
the process of formulating a problem, finding a solution, and expressing the solution
rules of precedence
the set of rules governing the order in which expressions involving multiple operators and operands are evaluated
Which of the following is true about vector graphics?
they rely on spatial compression
parse
to examine a program and analyze the syntactic structure.
interpret
to execute a program in a high-level language by translating it one line at a time.
concatenate
to join two operands end-to-end
evaluate
to simplify an expression by performing the operations in order to yield a single value
compile
to translate a program written in a high-level language into a low-level language all at once, in preparation for later execution
True or False? Information is data that has been organized and/or processed in a useful way.
true
prompt
when a program displays a message and pauses for the user to type some input to the program
Which unit of binary storage has a size that is processor-dependent?
word
Which of the following characters are not represented in the ASCII character set?
Cyrillic characters
In which text compression technique is it invalid for a bit string that represents a character to be the prefix of any other string to represent character?
Huffman encoding
Which text compression technique uses variable-length binary strings to represent characters, assigning frequently used characters short codes?
Huffman encoding
