Conditionals

describtion

It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.

If we ________ _____ (not/see) each other tomorrow, we ______ _________(see) each other next week.

If we don't see each other tomorrow, we'll see each other next week.

If we ________ (not/be) friends, I _______ (be) angry with you.

If we weren't friends, I'd be angry with you.

practise your knowledge If you _______ ______ (not/be) late, we _______ ______ _______ (not/miss) the bus.

If you hadn't been late, we wouldn't have missed the bus.

There are two types. The first type is: Present result of a past condition

In this type of mixed conditional sentence, the tense in the 'if' clause is the past perfect, and the tense in the main clause is the present conditional.

description

It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Because we can't know what will happen in the future this describes possible things which could come true.

desribtion

This conditional is used when the result will always happen. The result of the 'if clause' is always the main clause.

The second type is: Past result of present or continuing condition

This second type of mixed conditional sentence, the tense in the 'if' clause is the simple past, and the tense in the main clause is the perfect conditional

description

We can use it to talk about things in the future that are probably not going to be true.

We _____ late if you hadn't taken such a long time getting ready.

We wouldn't be late if you hadn't taken such a long time getting ready.

Mixed conditional

combines two different types of conditional patterns reffering to different times

first conditional

Expresses a real condition. Form: If + present simple, will + infinitive.

Third conditional

Expresses an unreal condition with past reference. Form: If + past perfect, would + have + past participle

Second conditional

Expresses an unreal condition with present or future reference. Form: past simple + would. e.g.

zero conditional

If + present simple, present simple. Often used to describe scientific facts.

practise your knowledge If I _______ (go) out tonight, I _______ (go) to the cinema.

If I go out tonight, I'll go to the cinema.

example

If I had a car, I'd give you a lift

example

If I had known I would have baked a cake

Example

If I had learned to ski I might be on the slopes right now.

test what you learned If I __________ ______(wake up) late, I ___________ (be) late for school

If I wake up late, I (be) late for school.

example

If I was a good cook, I'd have invited my friends to lunch

practise your knowledge If I _________ (be) you, I _________ (get) a new job.

If I were you, I'd get (get) a new job.

If children _________________ (not/eat) well, they __________ (not/be) healthy.

If children don't eat well, they aren't healthy.

practise what you just saw and learned If he _____ the penalty, we would have won Saturday's game.

If he had scored the penalty, we would have won Saturday's game.

example

If it rains tomorrow, we'll go to the cinema.

example

If people eat too much, they get fat

If she ___________ (study) she _____________ (pass) the exam.

If she had studied she would have passed the exam.