Contemporary Social Issues Final
The poorest 2/5s of the world's population (2 billion people) live on _____ a day. -$2 -$5 -$10 -$50
$2
One problem in rural areas that often isn't recognized is that it is a ___________ population. -aging -youthful -middle aged -affluent
aging
Poor air quality in urban areas can results in which of the following health issues? -respiratory -heart disease -higher mortality rates -all of the above
all of the above
One way that people can help reduce homophobia and heterosexism is to _____________________________ -Parents tell children that all sexual orientations are valid. -schools can continue to provide education and accepting environments to all sexual orientations. -pass a federal law that makes workplace -discrimination against LGBTQ people illegal. -all of the above.
all of the above.
Hormonal balance in the womb is a theory that prenatal ____________ imbalances can cause sexual orientation. -androgen -estrogen -testosterone -serotonin
androgen
Dwelling units in cities are typically small because of space forcing people to live in close quarters within a particular dwelling unit is known as ___________________________ -residential crowding -urban crowding -household crowding -population density
household crowding
Supplemental Poverty Measure takes into account family expenses ____________________. -in addition to food -except food -for food and shelter -gas money
in addition to food
____________ is a type of discrimination that people practice in their daily lives, that is one-on-one. -institutional discrimination -individual discrimination -active discrimination -racism
individual discrimination
During what decade in the last 100 years was the U.S. most successful in battling poverty? -1920s -1950s -1990s -1960s
1960's
The _______ feminist movement in the U.S. was focused on the right to vote. -1st -2nd -3rd -All of the above
1st
Urban is defined at all territory, population and housing units in areas of ________ or more persons incorporated as cities or towns. -1,200 -2,500 -5,000 -10,000
2,500
What percent of hate crimes were sexual orientation-biased? -50% -2.5% -25% -15.8%
25%
African Americans and Latinos are almost ____________ times as likely as non-Latino whites to be poor. -1% -2% -3% -10%
3%
The richest fifth of the world's population has ________ of the world's entire income. -3/4 -1/4 -1/3 -2/3
3/4
________ of the U.S. population lives in urban areas. -3/4 -1/3 -1/2 -1/4
3/4
By the 1950s the world's population doubled to _______ living in urban areas. -50% -30% -75% -80%
30%
More than _________ women die worldwide annually from complications during pregnancy or childbirth. -1 million -12 million -100,000 -500,000
500,000
The incarceration rate for African American is ______ the rate of whites. -2x -100x -4x -5x
5x
The poverty line is calculated using _______________ that the typical American family spends. -A minimal diet times 3 -All family expenses -Room and board expense -All of the above.
A minimal diet times 3
According to Robert Merton, someone that is both prejudice and actively discriminates is known as a _______________. -all-weather liberals -fair-weather liberals -timid bigot -active bigot
Active bigot
________ refers to special consideration for minorities and women in employment and education to compensate for the discrimination and lack of opportunities they experience in the larger society. -Affirmative Action -profiling -social justice courses -Jim Crow law
Affirmative Action
It is very difficult for the LGBTQ community to come out because they are often faced with which of the following challenges? -Bullying -Hate crimes -Discrimination -All of the above
All of the above
What are the indicators of a nation's health? -Adequate sanitation -Access to clean water -Child mortality -All of the above
All of the above
What type of institutional discrimination do women typically face more than their male counterparts? -Workplace -Household inequalities -Sexual harassment -All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following is a possible program/policy proposed by the author for helping with racial prejudice and discrimination? -Strengthen legal enforcement of existing laws forbidding racial and ethnic discrimination in hiring and promotion. -Adopt a national â full employmentâ policy involving federally funded job training and public works programs -Strengthen efforts to reduce residential segregation. -All of the above
All of the above
If gender differences stem from _________ than these differences are perhaps inevitable and the status quo will remain. -Psychological -Sociological -Biological -Left entirely to the individual
Biological
Bobby has recently discovered that they aren't really attracted to males or females. In fact, it usually takes a great deal of time for them to become physically attracted to someone because they find they are more attracted to the personality than the sex of a person. -Bobby is asexual -Bobby is bisexual -Bobby is homophobic -Bobby is pansexual.
Bobby is pansexual.
Two trends impacting the decline of city populations over the last half-century are__________________________________________________________. A) the movement of people to the suburbs B) the movement of people from northern to southern cities C) the movement of people from west to east D) globalization E) Both A & B
Both A & B
Ancient _________ was one of the few historic cases where we see male and female homosexual relationship accepted by the culture. -Rome -Greece -China -Japan
China
___________ theorists view stratification as resulting from a lack of opportunity and from discrimination and prejudice against the poor, women and people of color. -Conflict -Functionalist -Symbolic Interactionist -Sociologist
Conflict
________ violence during the 1830s became so common it has been called the "turbulent era". -Urban -Domestic -Gun -Mass
Mass
___________ are somewhat more heterosexist than ________. -Men, women Women, men -Christians, Catholics -None of the above
Men, women
__________ in poor nations are 42 times more likely to die from childbirth. -Babies -Mothers -Baby boys -Baby girls
Mothers
The emphasis that women of color are oppressed not only because of their gender but also because of their race and class is the philosophy behind which form of feminism? -Liberal Feminism -Socialist Feminism -Radical Feminism -Multicultural Feminism
Multicultural Feminism
Male privilege is the process of automatically receiving benefits from a ________ society whether or not males realize they have these advantages. -Capitalist -Socialist -Sexist -Patriarchal
Patriarchal
Which one is not a means of helping the poor -Increase Pell grants and financial aid for higher education. -Establish universal health insurance. -Increase supply of affordable housing. -Pay a full salary to those living below the poverty regardless of work status or ability.
Pay a full salary to those living below the poverty regardless of work status or ability.
_________ in ancient cities led to rampant disease and high death rates. -Urbanization -rationalization -Poor sanitation -Health care
Poor sanitation
According to the EEOC, workplace discrimination is treating someone unfavorably because he/she is of a certain ________ or because of personal characteristics associated with ______. -Ethnicity -Identity -Race -Ability
Race
___________ is a social construct that categories people based on perceived biological/physical characteristics. -Race -Ethnicity -Prejudice -Discrimination
Race
________ refers to the anatomical and other biological differences between females and males that are determined in utero. -Gender -Sex -Sexual orientation -Sexuality
Sex
_____________ attributes global stratification to the exploitation of the poorer nations by richer nations. -Dependency theory -Modernization theory -Functionalist theory -Individualistic theory
Dependency theory
_________ are recent immigrants and members of various ethnic groups who live among each other in certain neighborhoods. -Ethnicity -Ethnic Villagers -Deprived -Cosmopolites
Ethnic Villagers
__________ is the idea that gender ideas evolved from prehistoric times when women needed to birth babies and nurture them so men became the warriors. -Testosterone-aggression theory -Functionalism -Conflict -Evolutionary psychology
Evolutionary psychology
Asexuality is when someone experiences sexual attraction or desire to all people. True or False
False
Domestic Violence is not a major issue in rural areas. -True -False
False
Issues around traffic in rural areas can caused increased stress which leads to more health issues for people living in these areas. -True or -False
False
Older people are considerably more _____________ than younger people. -homosexual -heterosexual -bisexual -heterosexist
False
Poor people typically don't work and that is why they are poor. -True or -False
False
The cultural expectations we have of girls and women is called __________. -Gender -Sex -Femininity -Masculinity
Femininity
When does the socialization of gender roles begin? -Childhood -Adolescence -Young adulthood -From birth
From birth
_________ view urban areas as important because they serve important creative, business, and social functions for society. -Symbolic Interactionism -Conflict -Functionalism -Feminism
Functionalism
__________ argues that since twins typically have the same sexual orientation there is a correlation between our genes and our sexual orientation. However, no statistically significant correlation has been discovered yet. -Brain Anatomy argument -Hormonal balance argument. -Nurture argument -Genetics argument
Genetics argument
GDP stands for __________________. -Growth, Demand, and Population -Global Dollar Process -Gross Domestic Product -None of the above
Gross Domestic Product
____________________ is the explanation that the poor have personal problems and deficiencies that are responsible for their poverty. -Social constructionist -Individualistic explanation -Culture of poverty -Structural explanation
Individualistic explanation
Alfred C. Kinsey is known for the development of the _________, the first notable attempt to measure sexual orientation. -Kinsey Scale -Kinsey's Institute -Kinsey's sexual orientation tool -a diaphragm
Kinsey Scale
_________ believes that the equality of women can be achieved within our existing society by passing laws and reforming social, economic and political institutions. -Liberal Feminism -Socialist Feminism -Radical Feminism -Multicultural Feminism
Liberal Feminism
_______________ explains prejudice as something developing from authoritarian personalities that develop due to harsh discipline from parents. -Social-Psychological explanations -deviance theory -sociological -biological
Social-Psychological explanations
__________ is the process by whereby individuals learn the culture of their society and groups. -Socialization -Growing up -Entertaining -Culture
Socialization
The idea that U.S. poverty stems from problems in the American society that leads to lack of opportunity is _______________. -Social constructionist -Individualistic explanation -Culture of poverty -Structural explanation
Structural explanation
_______ argues that cities are not chaotic but instead a well balanced interaction of norms and values that enable people to live vastly different lives. -Symbolic Interactionism -Conflict -Functionalism -Feminism
Symbolic Interactionism
___________ theorists view stratification as affecting people's beliefs, lifestyles, daily interaction, and conceptions of themselves. -Conflict -Functionalist -Symbolic Interactionist -Sociologist
Symbolic Interactionist
According to many sociologist, the reason most citizens and policymakers think the poor are poor is because __________ -Societal issue -Poor education -Their own failings -Not enough to go around
Their own failings
People below the poverty line tend to suffer more health problems because _________________. -They are underinsured or uninsured -The don't take care of themselves -They choose not to get insurance -They live in healthy and environments with lots of resources
They are underinsured or uninsured
Sam was born a female but since a young age, she felt like she didn't "fit" with the expected norms and behaviors of being female. Lately, she felt like her gender identity departed from conventional norms and that she maybe ______. -Heterosexual -Bisexual -Gay -Transgender
Transgender
While _______ is often included in both the discussion of sexual orientation and the acronym LGBT it is not a sexual orientation. -heterosexuality -Transgender -questioning -bisexuality
Transgender
An LGBTQ person can be fired from their job because of their sexual orientation and it is considered legal. -True or -False
True
Opponents of affirmative action say that it is reverse discrimination because people are being given special treatment based of skin color and not skill set. -True or -False
True
Proponents of same-sex marriage argue that marriage is a societal institution, not just a religious one and that many heterosexual couples do not have children so, therefore, it is not the premise of marriage. -True or -False
True
There is historical evidence that people's prejudices change. -True or -False
True
Urban issues around housing include lack of affordable housing, racial segregation and homelessness -True or -False
True
Violence against women is another manifestation of gender inequality. True or False
True
About ¼ of children under the age of five are _______________ in developing nations. -Underweight -Obese -Healthy -Well taken care of
Underweight
___________ is a societal shift from rural to urban areas. -Urbanization -Industrialization -Feudal -Agricultural
Urbanization
Which is not a cost to men based on their sex? -Violent Victimization -Workplace discrimination -Toxic masculinity -Higher rates of suicide
Workplace discrimination
Cities have many fiscal issues including paying for _______________________. -big events -tourist projects -spending projects -basic services
basic services
At any one time 22 percent of ________ are poor. -U.S Citizens -adults -households -children
children
Conflict theorist point out that sometimes the diverse background of people residing in cities can ___________. -clash -help build bonds -create -none of the above
clash
High rate of illiteracy in poor nations reflects the poverty and also _____________it. -contributes to -decreases -helps it -increases
contributes to
___________ is belief that people of color lack the values needed to be successful in American economic and social systems. -color of skin -cultural deficiencies -biological inferiority -structural problems
cultural deficiencies
__________ is a behavior. It is acting on your negative attitudes, beliefs and judgments and treating people differently because of a perceived characteristic. -prejudice -discrimination -racism -racist
discrimination
A typical way the friends socialize us into our gender roles is through the use of ________. -talking -gossip -games -fights
games
The majority of hate crimes committed against the LGBTQ community are anti-_____ biased. -gay (male) -lesbian -biseuxal -LGBTQ
gay (male)
The second feminist movement in the U.S. was focused on _________________________. -The right to vote -making men less powerful -giving women equal opportunities in all institutions of society. -burning bras.
giving women equal opportunities in all institutions of society.
Institutional discrimination affect the life chances of _____________ in many aspects of life today. -white people -males -Americans -people of color
people of color
The media portrays women as having the chief goals of looking good and to _____________. -raise children -please men -please their parents -be good at cooking
please men
__________ is the number of people per square mile. -density -household density -household crowding -population density
population density
____________ is a set of negative attitudes, beliefs, or judgments about a group of people because of a perceived characteristic. -prejudice -discrimination -racism -racist
prejudice
The difference between prejudice and racial stereotype is that with ____________ we make generalizations about a group of people because of their race and ethnicity. -racial stereotype -discrimination -racism -individual discrimination
racial stereotype
One of the most significant changes over the last couple of centuries as been _____________. -the development of the Internet -the creation of public schools -urbanization -rationalization
urbanization
Sexual orientation refers to a person's preference for _____________ with individuals of the other sex (heterosexual), one's own sex (homosexual), or both sexes (bisexuality). -sexual preference -love -one night stand -friendship
sexual preference
One of the reasons that people were against the legalization of same-sex marriage is that they felt ______________________. -it empowers people to get divorced -since marriage is meant to procreate, and same-sex couples can't procreate than they shouldn't need to participate in the institution. -it diffuses the power of love -none of the above
since marriage is meant to procreate, and same-sex couples can't procreate than they shouldn't need to participate in the institution.
_______________ explains prejudice as resulting from the culture you grow up in and the prejudice you learn from agents of socialization. -Social-Psychological -deviance theory -sociological -biological
sociological
________________ is the theory that inequalities exist because of of the lack of opportunity in societal structures due to individual and institutional discrimination. -color of skin -cultural deficiencies -biological inferiority -structural problems
structural problems
The media portrays men as having the goals of being _________, living life in the fast lane, and to win over women. -successful -protective -compasisonate -caring
successful
Old-fashioned racism has been replaced by a modern, ________ racism, where people still blame people of color for their own problems and reduce public support of policies aimed to address inequities. -overt -covert -individual -symbolic
symbolic
According to Stanford Open Policing research, Latino drivers where 30% more likely to be _________. -arrested -ticketed -searched -convicted
ticketed
_________ refers to those whose gender identity differs from their physiological sex and who undergo a sex change. -homosexuals -transgender -transvestites -transsexuals
transsexuals
____________ is someone who dresses in the clothing of the opposite sex. -homosexuals -transgender -transvestites -transexuals
transvestites
The second biological explanation for gender differences is the theory that because men have higher levels of testosterone they are more likely to be _________. happier violent married single
violent
________________ is the term to describe the benefits white receive from being white whether or not they are aware of their advantages. -white privilege -racism -discrimination -dominate group
white privilege
