Cortright Final Ch 8, 9, 11
Which of the following does not belong with the others
Correct correlation (coefficient of determination, common variance, r squared)
What is it called when the correlation between two variables is due to the influence of a third variable
Correct spurious correlation
What is the statistic that represents the amount of error in a predicted score
Correct standard error of estimate
A researcher sought to find out which of two exercises was more effective in building endurance. One group used exercise A
and another group used exercise B. At the end of study how should the researcher should compare the scores of the two groups, an independent t test
Which of the following is a technique for providing information about the reliability of an instrument
coefficient alpha
If the null hypothesis is false
one may assume the research hypothesis to be the explanation for the results if, all other possible explanations have been controlled
The type of scale that uses items such as "Worthless-Valuable" is called a
semantic differential scale
A physical education teacher develops a skill test in volleyball. After administering the test to 50 students
she asks the volleyball coach to rate the students on volleyball skills. She then correlates the students' test scores with the coach's rating. This is an example of what type of validity evidence, criterion validity
Which one of the following statements does not describe an advantage of repeated measures
Repeated measures can eliminate the influence of some unwanted variable.
In multiple regression one is able to predict
one criterion from two or more predictors
The maximum value of item discrimination in norm-referenced test items can occur only when the item difficulty is
.5
Prediction studies use which of the following as the basic analysis technique
correlation
What is the term for testing the accuracy of a prediction equation developed on one sample on a different sample of participants
cross validity
A correlation of .00 between two variables indicates
independence (no association) between the variables
The t test is used to
test whether two groups differ significantly
For a test to have good content validity evidence
the following statement(s) must be true, he test adequately samples what was covered in the course; The percentage of points for each topic area reflects the amount of emphasis given that topic.
If a thermometer measured the temperature in an oven as 400° five days in a row when the temperature was actually 377°
this measuring instrument would be considered, reliable but not valid
A two-way (factorial) ANOVA will yield F values for the following effects
three F values, one each for the two main effects and one for the interaction
To find out which of two methods for learning a motor skill is more effective
what is the correct statistical analysis, an independent t test
A study involves the comparison of two instructional methods on achievement in math. Two classrooms are used- one method is administered in each classroom. The researcher notices that the pretest scores show differences between the two groups. To control for the influence of the pretest scores on the posttest scores the researcher should use
ANCOVA
Evidence of validity is often provided by finding the correlation between scores on
a test and some independent criterion
When the purpose of the research is to determine the effects of one independent variable (e.g. four groups) on one dependent variable (e.g. self-concept) what is the best choice of a statistical analysis
analysis of variance
The author of a test of anxiety proceeds on the premise based on the literature that the performance of people with high anxiety suffers when they are under stress. In an experiment the author finds that people who scored as highly anxious on the test performed more poorly on a stressful task. What type of validity evidence is demonstrated in this example
construct
Comparing test items with the course objectives (course topics) provides which type of evidence of validity
content
A correlational technique frequently used in the construction of an instrument (such as an attitude inventory) that statistically groups test items that seem to be measuring a particular dimension or trait is called
factor analysis
If two measures have a high positive correlation and a person has a low score on one measure his or her score on the other measure is most likely to be
low
If there is a correlation of .80 between a test of scholastic aptitude and performance on an achievement test one can infer that
no causation can be inferred
Use of a one-tailed versus a two-tailed test of significance of the difference between two sample means depends on
whether the difference is expected to be in one direction only
If ANOVA has found a significant difference among four treatment groups what is a follow-up test such as the Scheffé used to determine
which of the groups differ significantly from the others