Cortright Final Ch 8, 9, 11

Which of the following does not belong with the others

Correct correlation (coefficient of determination, common variance, r squared)

What is it called when the correlation between two variables is due to the influence of a third variable

Correct spurious correlation

What is the statistic that represents the amount of error in a predicted score

Correct standard error of estimate

A researcher sought to find out which of two exercises was more effective in building endurance. One group used exercise A

and another group used exercise B. At the end of study how should the researcher should compare the scores of the two groups, an independent t test

Which of the following is a technique for providing information about the reliability of an instrument

coefficient alpha

If the null hypothesis is false

one may assume the research hypothesis to be the explanation for the results if, all other possible explanations have been controlled

The type of scale that uses items such as "Worthless-Valuable" is called a

semantic differential scale

A physical education teacher develops a skill test in volleyball. After administering the test to 50 students

she asks the volleyball coach to rate the students on volleyball skills. She then correlates the students' test scores with the coach's rating. This is an example of what type of validity evidence, criterion validity

Which one of the following statements does not describe an advantage of repeated measures

Repeated measures can eliminate the influence of some unwanted variable.

In multiple regression one is able to predict

one criterion from two or more predictors

The maximum value of item discrimination in norm-referenced test items can occur only when the item difficulty is

.5

Prediction studies use which of the following as the basic analysis technique

correlation

What is the term for testing the accuracy of a prediction equation developed on one sample on a different sample of participants

cross validity

A correlation of .00 between two variables indicates

independence (no association) between the variables

The t test is used to

test whether two groups differ significantly

For a test to have good content validity evidence

the following statement(s) must be true, he test adequately samples what was covered in the course; The percentage of points for each topic area reflects the amount of emphasis given that topic.

If a thermometer measured the temperature in an oven as 400° five days in a row when the temperature was actually 377°

this measuring instrument would be considered, reliable but not valid

A two-way (factorial) ANOVA will yield F values for the following effects

three F values, one each for the two main effects and one for the interaction

To find out which of two methods for learning a motor skill is more effective

what is the correct statistical analysis, an independent t test

A study involves the comparison of two instructional methods on achievement in math. Two classrooms are used- one method is administered in each classroom. The researcher notices that the pretest scores show differences between the two groups. To control for the influence of the pretest scores on the posttest scores the researcher should use

ANCOVA

Evidence of validity is often provided by finding the correlation between scores on

a test and some independent criterion

When the purpose of the research is to determine the effects of one independent variable (e.g. four groups) on one dependent variable (e.g. self-concept) what is the best choice of a statistical analysis

analysis of variance

The author of a test of anxiety proceeds on the premise based on the literature that the performance of people with high anxiety suffers when they are under stress. In an experiment the author finds that people who scored as highly anxious on the test performed more poorly on a stressful task. What type of validity evidence is demonstrated in this example

construct

Comparing test items with the course objectives (course topics) provides which type of evidence of validity

content

A correlational technique frequently used in the construction of an instrument (such as an attitude inventory) that statistically groups test items that seem to be measuring a particular dimension or trait is called

factor analysis

If two measures have a high positive correlation and a person has a low score on one measure his or her score on the other measure is most likely to be

low

If there is a correlation of .80 between a test of scholastic aptitude and performance on an achievement test one can infer that

no causation can be inferred

Use of a one-tailed versus a two-tailed test of significance of the difference between two sample means depends on

whether the difference is expected to be in one direction only

If ANOVA has found a significant difference among four treatment groups what is a follow-up test such as the Scheffé used to determine

which of the groups differ significantly from the others