criminal justice 7, 8, 9

Criminal juries in most states are composed of how many members

12

What percentage of federal felony cases are the result of guilty pleas

90%

One purpose of this is to help ensure the reappearance of the person at trial

bail

Which of the following is not a type of juror challenge

challenge for knowledge

who is responsible for summoning members of the public for jury duty and subpoenaing witnesses from the prosecution of defense

clerk of the court

Who creates a record for all that occurs during a trial

court reporter

What method of execution is is used most in the US today

lethal injection

The dual-court system of the United States consists of

state and federal court

All of the following are considered professionals in the court room except

victim

What did the US Supreme Court in Marbury v Madison

That the US Supreme Court had the authority to be the final interpreter of the US constitution

In which court would a felony trial be held in the federal court system?

US district court

A motion for this asks the court to move the trial to some other location to ensure the defendant receives a fair trial

a change of venue

the _____ is a two sided structure under which the american criminal trial court operates that fits the trial court prosecution against the defense

adversarial system

Courts that have the authority to review a decision made by a lower court are said to have:

appellate jurisdiction

All of the following are outsiders to the courtroom workroom except

bailiff

Who keeps order in the courtroom and announces the judge's entry to the courtroom?

bailiff

the most important form of prosecutorial discretion lies in the power to

charge or not charge a person with an offense

What did the US Supreme Court rule in Gregg v Georgia

death penalty was constitutional if it followed a two step trial procedure

What did the US Supreme Court rule in Furman v Georgia

declared that the death penalty violated the 8th amendment prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment

Which of the following does not occur at the first appearance

defendant has the opportunity to cross examine witnesses

A model of criminal punishment in which an offender is given a fixed term that may be reduced by good time or gain time is called ________ sentencing.

determinate sentencing

The bail decision is made at what stage of the court process?

first appearance

which of the following is not one of the goals of contemporary sentencing

mitigation

What type of plea is most similar to a guilty plea in criminal court

no lo contendré

When a defendant stands mute at her arraignment she is considered to have entered what plead

not guilty

All of the following are true statements about the US Supreme Court except

once confirmed, they're on for 8 years

When a judge, prior to sentencing, requests information on the background of a convicted defendant, it is called a ________.

pre sentence investigation report

Which statement is false regarding the role of the judge in the courtroom

presenting the states case against the defendant

Which workroom member has the responsibility of demonstrating to a jury that a defendant is guilty beyond reasonable doubt

prosecuting attorney

The most widely used system of indigence offense is

public defender system

Which sentencing goal attempts to make the victim whole again

restoration

release on recognizance

results in the defendants release based on a guarantee that a defendant provides in writing

What is the earliest known rational for punishment

retribution

Which sentencing goal stresses vengeance?

retribution

What did the US Supreme Court rule in Giddian vs Wayneride

ruled that we have a right to counsel

A jury that is isolated from the public has been

sequestered

A written order issued by the judicial officer requiring an individual to appear in court is called

subpoena

A trial for a felony offense would be conducted at which tier of a state court system

trial court of general jurisdiction

What court is the first appellate level for courts of limited jurisdiction

trial court of general jurisdiction

On appeal, when a trial court of general jurisdiction offers a new trial instead of the review of the lower court's decision, it is giving a ________.

trial de novo