CSIT 161: FINAL EXAM

Karen would like to use a wireless authentication technology similar to that found in hotels where users are redirected to a webpage when they connect to the network. What technology should she deploy?

captive portal

Alice and Bob would like to communicate with each other using a session key but they do not already have a shared secret key. Which algorithm can they use to exchange a secret key?

diffie-hellman

A(n) _________ is an event that prevents a critical business function (CBF) from operating for a period greater than the maximum tolerable downtime.

disaster

What type of firewall security feature limits the volume of traffic from individual hosts?

flood guard

Security training programs typically differ from security education programs in their focus on ______________.

hands-on skills

What type of system is intentionally exposed to attackers in an attempt to lure them out?

honeypot

Which term accurately describes Layer 3 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?

network

Brian would like to conduct a port scan against his systems to determine how they look from an attacker's viewpoint. What tool can he use for this purpose?

nmap

A security awareness program that focuses on an organization's Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policy is designed to cover the use of what type of equipment?

personally owned devices

Violet deploys an intrusion prevention system (IPS) on her network as a security control. What type of control has Violet deployed?

preventive

Christopher is designing a security policy for his organization. He would like to use an approach that allows a reasonable list of activities but does not allow other activities. Which permission level is he planning to use?

prudent

What term describes the risk that exists after an organization has performed all planned countermeasures and controls?

residual risk

What firewall approach is shown in the figure?

screened subnet

Which of the following study options provides little to no opportunity for feedback?

self-study program

Barbara is investigating an attack against her network. She notices that the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo replies coming into her network far exceed the ICMP echo requests leaving her network. What type of attack is likely taking place?

smurf

What is the only unbreakable cipher when it is used properly?

vernam

What is NOT a service commonly offered by unified threat management (UTM) devices?

wireless network access

What type of malware does NOT have an anti-malware solution and should be covered in security awareness training?

zero-day

What certification focuses on information systems audit, control, and security professionals?

Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA)

Colin is a software developer. He would like to earn a credential that demonstrates to employers that he is well educated on software security issues. What certification would be most suitable for this purpose?

Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP)

Which of the following circumstances would NOT trigger mandatory security training for a federal agency under Office of Personnel Management (OPM) guidelines?

Change of senior leadership

Which audit data collection method helps ensure that the information-gathering process covers all relevant areas?

Checklist

Which cryptographic attack offers cryptanalysts the most information about how an encryption algorithm works?

Chosen plaintext

Which technology category would NOT likely be the subject of a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)?

Encryption

What type of function generates the unique value that corresponds to the contents of a message and is used to create a digital signature?

Hash

Which unit of measure represents frequency and is expressed as the number of cycles per second?

Hertz

Bill is conducting an analysis of a new IT service. He would like to assess it using the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and would like to learn more about this framework. What organization should he turn to for the official definition of OSI?

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Which of the following graduate degree programs focuses on managing the process of securing information systems, rather than the technical aspects of information security?

MBA

When Patricia receives a message from Gary, she wants to be able to demonstrate to Sue that the message actually came from Gary. What goal of cryptography is Patricia attempting to achieve?

Nonrepudiation

What type of security role is covered by the Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS) Training Standard CNSS-4016?

Risk Analysts

Gina is preparing to monitor network activity using packet sniffing. Which technology is most likely to interfere with this effort if used on the network?

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

Isaac is responsible for performing log reviews for his organization in an attempt to identify security issues. He has a massive amount of data to review. What type of tool would best assist him with this work?

Security information and event management (SIEM)

Gwen is investigating an attack. An intruder managed to take over the identity of a user who was legitimately logged into Gwen's company's website by manipulating Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) headers. Which type of attack likely took place?

Session hijacking

Which intrusion detection system strategy relies upon pattern matching?

Signature detection

What is NOT an area where the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) provides oversight on behalf of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?

Subject matter expertise on routing and switching

Which type of cipher works by rearranging the characters in a message?

Transposition

________ refers to a program of study approved by the State Department of Education in the state that a school operates.

accredited

Donna is building a security awareness program designed to meet the requirements of the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) 3.2. How often must she conduct training for all current employees?

annually

Norm recently joined a new organization. He noticed that the firewall technology used by his new firm opens separate connections between the devices on both sides of the firewall. What type of technology is being used?

application proxying

What level of academic degree requires the shortest period of time to earn and does NOT require any other postsecondary degree as a prerequisite?

associate's

Which of the following is NOT a role described in DoD Directive 8140, which covers cyber security training?

attack

Ricky is reviewing security logs to independently assess security controls. Which security review process is Ricky engaging in?

audit

Hilda is troubleshooting a problem with the encryption of data. At which layer of the OSI Reference Model is she working?

presentation

Kim is the risk manager for a large organization...what is the single loss expectancy (SLE)?

$2,000,000

What ISO security standard can help guide the creation of an organization's security policy?

27002

How many years of post-secondary education are typically required to earn a bachelor's degree in a non-accelerated program?

4

Henry would like to create a different firewall rule that allows encrypted web traffic to reach a web server. What port is used for that communication?

443

How many domains of knowledge are covered by the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) exam?

8

What DoD directive requires that information security professionals in the government earn professional certifications?

8140

Alice would like to send a message to Bob using a digital signature. What cryptographic key does Alice use to create the digital signature?

Alice's private key

Which organization created a standard version of the widely used C programming language in 1989?

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

Rod has been a Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) for 10 years. He would like to earn an advanced certification that demonstrates his ability in information security architecture. Which of the following CISSP concentrations would meet Rod's needs?

CISSP-ISSAP

Larry recently viewed an auction listing on a website. As a result, his computer executed code that popped up a window that asked for his password. What type of attack has Larry likely encountered?

Cross-site scripting (XSS)

What is NOT one of the four main purposes of an attack?

Data import

What is the highest level of academic degree that may be earned in the field of information security?

Doctor of philosophy (PhD)

Curtis is conducting an audit of an identity management system. Which question is NOT likely to be in the scope of his audit?

Does the firewall properly block unsolicited network connection attempts?

What is a key principle of risk management programs?

Don't spend more to protect an asset than it is worth.

What protocol is responsible for assigning IP addresses to hosts on most networks?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

David would like to connect a fibre channel storage device to systems over a standard data network. What protocol can he use?

Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE)

Fran is interested in learning more about the popular Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) credential. What organization should she contact?

International Council of E-Commerce Consultants (EC-Council)

Which organization promotes technology issues as an agency of the United Nations?

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

Yolanda would like to prevent attackers from using her network as a relay point for a smurf attack. What protocol should she block?

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

When should an organization's managers have an opportunity to respond to the findings in an audit?

Managers should include their responses to the draft audit report in the final audit report.

What federal agency is charged with the mission of promoting "U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve our quality of life?"

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

Which security testing activity uses tools that scan for services running on systems?

Network mapping

Which of the following programs requires passing a standardized examination that is based upon a job-task analysis?

Professional certification

Which document is the initial stage of a standard under the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) process?

Proposed Standard (PS)

What is NOT a typical sign of virus activity on a system?

Sudden sluggishness of applications

Gary is configuring a Smartphone and is selecting a wireless connectivity method. Which approach will provide him with the highest speed wireless connectivity?

Wi-Fi

Forensics and incident response are examples of __________ controls.

corrective

Betty receives a cipher text message from her colleague Tim. What type of function does Betty need to use to read the plaintext message?

decryption

Which of the following is NOT an advantage to undertaking self-study of information security topics?

fixed pace

Which Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard covers wireless LANs?

802.11

Which element is NOT a core component of the ISO 27002 standard?

Cryptography

Bob has a high-volume virtual private network (VPN). He would like to use a device that would best handle the required processing power. What type of device should he use?

VPN concentrator

What is NOT a common motivation for attackers?

fear

Kim is the risk manager for a large organization...what is the annualized loss expectancy (ALE)?

$20,000

Henry's last firewall rule must allow inbound access to a Windows Terminal Server. What port must he allow?

3389

Continuing professional education (CPE) credits typically represent ________ minutes of classroom time per CPE unit.

50

__________ is a continuous process designed to keep all personnel vigilant.

Awareness

Fran is conducting a security test of a new application. She does not have any access to the source code or other details of the application she is testing. What type of test is Fran conducting?

Black-box test

Alice would like to send a message to Bob securely and wishes to encrypt the contents of the message. What key does she use to encrypt this message?

Bob's public key

Which information security objective allows trusted entities to endorse information?

Certification

Which of the following Cisco certifications demonstrates the most advanced level of security knowledge?

Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE) Security

Maya is creating a computing infrastructure compliant with the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS). What type of information is she most likely trying to protect?

Credit card information

What program, released in 2013, is an example of ransomware?

Crypt0L0cker

What information should an auditor share with the client during an exit interview?

Details on major issues

What certification organization began as an offshoot of the SANS Institute training programs?

Global Information Assurance Certification (GIAC)

Which recovery site option provides readiness in minutes to hours?

Hot site

Gary is troubleshooting a security issue on an Ethernet network and would like to look at the Ethernet standard. What publication should he seek out?

IEEE 802.3

What is a set of concepts and policies for managing IT infrastructure, development, and operations?

IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL)

Jacob is conducting an audit of the security controls at an organization as an independent reviewer. Which question would NOT be part of his audit?

Is the security control likely to become obsolete in the near future?

Which of the following allows a certificate authority (CA) to revoke a compromised digital certificate in real time?

Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP)

Which regulatory standard would NOT require audits of companies in the United States?

Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)

Which approach to cryptography provides the strongest theoretical protection?

Quantum cryptography

The CEO of Kelly's company recently fell victim to an attack. The attackers sent the CEO an email informing him that his company was being sued and he needed to view a subpoena at a court website. When visiting the website, malicious code was downloaded onto the CEO's computer. What type of attack took place?

Spear phishing

Which set of characteristics describes the Caesar cipher accurately?

Symmetric, stream, substitution

Which type of virus targets computer hardware and software startup functions?

System infector

What type of security monitoring tool would be most likely to identify an unauthorized change to a computer system?

System integrity monitoring

Ben is working toward a position as a senior security administrator and would like to earn his first International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium, Inc. (ISC) 2 certification. Which certification is most appropriate for his needs?

Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP)

What is NOT an effective key distribution method for plaintext encryption keys?

Unencrypted email

What type of network connects systems over the largest geographic area?

Wide area network (WAN)

What standard is NOT secure and should never be used on modern wireless networks?

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

What type of security communication effort focuses on a common body of knowledge?

education

What file type is least likely to be impacted by a file infector virus?

.docx

Mary is designing a software component that will function at the Presentation Layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. What other two layers of the model will her component need to interact with?

Application and Session

Jim is an experienced security professional who recently accepted a position in an organization that uses Check Point firewalls. What certification can Jim earn to demonstrate his ability to administer these devices?

CCSA

Richard would like to earn a certification that demonstrates his ability to manage the information security function. What certification would be most appropriate for Richard?

Certified Information Security Manager (CISM)

Which of the following certifications cannot be used to satisfy the security credential requirements for the advanced Certified Internet Webmaster (CIW) certifications?

Certified Information Security Manager (CISM)

What mathematical problem forms the basis of most modern cryptographic algorithms?

Factoring large primes

Which control is NOT an example of a fault tolerance technique designed to avoid interruptions that would cause downtime?

Warm site

What tool might be used by an attacker during the reconnaissance phase of an attack to glean information about domain registrations?

Whois

Bob received a message from Alice that contains a digital signature. What cryptographic key does Bob use to verify the digital signature?

Alice's public key

What is NOT a valid encryption key length for use with the Blowfish algorithm?

512 bits

Jane is a manager at a federal government agency and recently hired a new employee, Mark, who will work with sensitive information. How much time does Jane have from Mark's hire date to get him security training?

60

What series of Special Publications does the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) produce that covers information systems security activities?

800

Tonya is working with a team of subject matter experts to diagnose a problem with her system. The experts determine that the problem likely resides at the Presentation Layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. Which technology is the most likely suspect?

Encryption

Which organization creates information security standards that specifically apply within the European Union?

European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Cyber Security Technical Committee (TC CYBER)

Anthony is responsible for tuning his organization's intrusion detection system. He notices that the system reports an intrusion alert each time that an administrator connects to a server using Secure Shell (SSH). What type of error is occurring?

False positive error

Jonas is an experienced information security professional with a specialized focus on evaluating computers for evidence of criminal or malicious activity and recovering data. Which GIAC certification would be most appropriate for Jonas to demonstrate his abilities?

GIAC Certified Forensic Examiner (GCFE)

Alison discovers that a system under her control has been infected with malware, which is using a key logger to report user keystrokes to a third party. What information security property is this malware attacking?

Confidentiality

Helen is an experienced information security professional who earned a four-year degree while a full-time student. She would like to continue her studies on a part-time basis. What is the next logical degree for Helen to earn?

Master's degree

What term describes the longest period of time that a business can survive without a particular critical system?

Maximum tolerable downtime (MTD)

Beth is conducting a risk assessment. She is trying to determine the impact a security incident will have on the reputation of her company. What type of risk assessment is best suited to this type of analysis?

qualitative

Alan decides to implement full disk encryption on all mobile devices. What risk response did Alan take?

reduce

What type of network device normally connects directly to endpoints and uses MAC-based filtering to limit traffic flows?

switch

What is NOT generally a section in an audit report?

system configurations

Purchasing an insurance policy is an example of the ____________ risk management strategy.

transfer

What government agency sponsors the National Centers of Academic Excellence (CAE) for the Cyber Operations Program?

National Security Agency (NSA)

Which data source comes first in the order of volatility when conducting a forensic investigation?

RAM

What type of malicious software allows an attacker to remotely control a compromised computer?

Remote Access Tool (RAT)

Which activity is an auditor least likely to conduct during the information-gathering phase of an audit?

Report writing

What type of publication is the primary working product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?

Request for comment (RFC)

Which item is an auditor least likely to review during a system controls audit?

Resumes of system administrators

What is NOT a symmetric encryption algorithm?

Rivest-Shamir-Adelman (RSA)

Joe is responsible for the security of the industrial control systems for a power plant. What type of environment does Joe administer?

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)

Helen has no experience in security. She would like to earn a certification that demonstrates that she has the basic knowledge necessary to work in the information security field. What certification would be an appropriate first step for her?

Security+

What type of security role is covered by the Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS) Training Standard CNSS-4012?

Senior System Manager

Breanne's system was infected by malicious code after she installed an innocent-looking solitaire game that she downloaded from the Internet. What type of malware did she likely encounter?

Trojan horse

Val would like to limit the websites that her users visit to those on an approved list of pre-cleared sites. What type of approach is Val advocating?

Whitelisting

What wireless security technology contains significant flaws and should never be used?

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

Allie is working on the development of a web browser and wants to make sure that the browser correctly implements the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) standard. What organization's documentation should she turn to for the authoritative source of information?

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

Terry is troubleshooting a network that is experiencing high traffic congestion issues. Which device, if present on the network, should be replaced to alleviate these issues?

hub

Brian needs to design a control that prevents piggybacking, only allowing one person to enter a facility at a time. What type of control would best meet this need?

mantraps

Brian is the information security training officer for a health care provider. He wants to develop a training program that complies with the provisions of Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Which of the following topics must be included?

password management

How many years of specialized experience are required to earn one of the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) concentrations?

2

Nancy performs a full backup of her server every Sunday at 1 A.M. and differential backups on Mondays through Fridays at 1 A.M. Her server fails at 9 A.M. Wednesday. How many backups does Nancy need to restore?

2

Kim is the risk manager for a large organization...what is the exposure factor?

20%

Henry is creating a firewall rule that will allow inbound mail to the organization. What TCP port must he allow through the firewall?

25

What is the maximum value for any octet in an IPv4 IP address?

255

Which of the following certifications is considered the flagship Information Systems Security Certification Consortium, Inc. (ISC) 2 certification and the gold standard for information security professionals?

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)

What organization offers a variety of security certifications that are focused on the requirements of auditors?

ISACA

Juan comes across documentation from his organization related to several information security initiatives using different standards as their reference. Which International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard provides current guidance on information security management?

ISO 27002

Adam discovers a virus on his system that is using encryption to modify itself. The virus escapes detection by signature-based antivirus software. What type of virus has he discovered?

Polymorphic virus

Emily is the information security director for a large company that handles sensitive personal information. She is hiring an auditor to conduct an assessment demonstrating that her firm is satisfying requirements regarding customer private data. What type of assessment should she request?

SOC 3

Bob is developing a web application that depends upon a database backend. What type of attack could a malicious individual use to send commands through his web application to the database?

SQL injection

Val would like to isolate several systems belonging to the product development group from other systems on the network, without adding new hardware. What technology can she use?

Virtual LAN (VLAN)

Adam is evaluating the security of a web server before it goes live. He believes that an issue in the code allows an SQL injection attack against the server. What term describes the issue that Adam discovered?

Vulnerability

Adam's company recently suffered an attack where hackers exploited an SQL injection issue on their web server and stole sensitive information from a database. What term describes this activity?

incident

Gary is sending a message to Patricia. He wants to ensure that nobody tampers with the message while it is in transit. What goal of cryptography is Gary attempting to achieve?

integrity