CSIT Midterm

One measurement of the speed of a CPU is the ____, which is rated in megahertz(MHz) or gigahertz(GHz).

CPU clock speed

____ is freeware software.

Chrome (Web browser)

What is a data base?

any collection of related items stored in a computers memory

Fifth-generation computers are most commonly defined as those that are based on ____________________, allowing them to think, reason, and learn.

artificial intelligence

___ are used to input data about a person so that the individuals identity can be verified based on a particular unique physiological characteristics

biometric readers

A ____ is a software program that is designed to cause damage to a computer or perform some other malicious act

computer virus

Because of ____________________, many devices today are single units with multiple computing or Internet capabilities.

convergence

Conventional personal computers that are designed to fit on or next to a desk are often referred to as____.

desktop computers

In a printer, the number of ____ affects the quality of printed output.

dots per inch (dpi)

Define the six categories into which computers are generally classified.

embedded, mobile devices, personal computers, servers, mainframe computers, super computers

As a hard drive begins to get full, it takes less time to locate the data stored on the hard drive.

false

Computer programers are the people who use computers to perform tasks or obtain information.

false

RFID tags need to be within line of sight of a reader.

false

The main circuit board inside the system unit is called the mega board.

false

____ programs are software programs that are distributes on the honor system

shareware program

Computing technologies make it possible to have ____, traditional appliances with some type of built-in computer or communications technology.

smart appliances

The term ____ refers to the programs or instructions used to tell the computer hardware what to do.

software

Related software programs (such as a group of graphics programs, utility programs, or office-related software) are sometimes sold bundled together as a ____.

software suite

____ is the most widely used mobile operating system in the United States

Android

Access control at many businesses and organizations is provided by ____, which allow only authorized individuals to enter an office building, punch in or out of work, or access the company network via an access card or a finger print or hand scan.

Authentication system

Embedded computers are computers that host data and programs available to a small group of users.

False

In addition to hardware, software, data, and procedures, the fifth major component of a computer system are codes.

False

the process of representing data in a form that can be understood by a digital computer is called decimal byte representation

False

what is one important difference between ROM and RAM

ROM is non-volatile and RAM is volatile

A main frame computer is a powerful computer used in many large organizations that need to manage large amounts of centralized data.

True

Conventional RAM is

Volatile

Examples of Operating Systems

Windows, Unix, Linux, Mac OS

record

a collection of fields that appear as a row in a database or table.

What does remote storage refer to?

a data management service used to migrate infrequently accessed files from local storage to remote storage

field

a single characteristic of data that appears in a table as a column

table

an arrangement of data made up of horizontal rows and vertical columns.

using the four computer functions define a computer

an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program.

spam refers to harmful programs that can be installed on our computers without our knowledge.

false

Anything (such as a program, letter, digital photograph, or song) stored on a storage medium is referred to as a(n)

file

____ consists of nonvolatile memory chips that can be used for storage by the computer or the user.

flash memory

____ are designed to scan flat objects one page at a time

flatbed scanner

To keep files organized, related documents are often stored in____ (also called directories) located on the storage medium.

folders

__________ generation computers typically use a keyboard and mouse for input, a monitor and printer for output, and hard drives, flash memory media, and optical discs for storage.

fourth

Virtually all personal computers come with a(n)____ that is used to store most programs and data.

hard drive

Virtually all personal computers come with a(n)____that is used to store most programs and data .

hard drive

Describe some common types of remote storage.

hard drives, cloud storage, USBs

most printers today are

impact printers

Define the four primary operations for a computer

input, processing, output, storage

A(n) ____ instruction might look like a meaningless string of 0s and 1s, but it actually represents specific operations and storage locations.

machine language

describe the functionality of an operating system

mange the computers resources, establish a user interface, provide service

Common input devices include the keyboard, ____, and integrated video cameras.

mouse

____ refers to the ability of an operating system to have more than one program open at one time

multitasking

Define ROM (read only) memory

non-volatile chips located on the motherboard into which data or programs have been permanently stored

Print speed is typically measured in ____.

pages per minute (ppm)

With bitmapped images, the color of each ____ is represented by bits; the more bits used, the better the image quality.

pixel

a ____ is the smallest colorable area on a display device

pixel

A ___ is a question, or, in database terms, a request for specific information from the database

query

___ means that data can be retrieved directly from any location on the storage medium, in any order.

random access

is a group of values and other data organized into rows and columns, similar to the ruled paper worksheets traditionally used by bookkeepers and accountants

spreedsheet

Integrated circuits in corporate many transistors and electronic circuits on a single tiny silicon chip, allowing ____to be even smaller and more reliable than earlier computers.

third generation

The key element of the microprocessor is the____—a device made of semi conductor material that controls the flow of electrons inside a chip.

transistor

A display device is the most common form of output device.

true

Each pixel in a monochrome graphic can be only one of two possible colors (such as black or white).

true

Early computers required programs to be written in machine language.

true

For most software programs, the licensing agreement or terms of use agreement is usually displayed and must be agreed to by the end user at the beginning of the software installation.

true

Fourth-generation computers witnessed the development of computer networks, wireless technologies ,and the Internet.

true

One reason advanced users may partition a primary hard drive is to be able to use two different operating systems on the same hard drive.

true

Since retrieving data from memory is much faster than from a magnetic hard disk, disk caching can speed up performance.

true

Storage devices can be internal (located inside the system unit), external (plugged into an external port on the system unit), or remote (located on another computer).

true

One reason a computer might become inefficient is that when programs are uninstalled, pieces of the program are sometimes left behind or references to these programs are left in operating system files such as the____.

windows registry