CST Exam hayes
What two instruments should the surgical technologist have available for the femoral arteriotomy
#11 knife blade and potts smith scissors
If stones are present in the CBD, what two surgical instruments should the surgical technologist have available for the surgeon to make an incision in the CBD
#11 knife blade; 45 degree Potts-Smith scissors
What is the suture of choice to repair the rotator cuff of the shoulder
#2 nonabsorabable
A nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate is called
(BPH) benign prostatic hyperplasia
Which cranial nerve carries impulses for sense of smell
(I) Olfactory
Which cranial nerve can be tested for sensations of pain, touch, and temperature with the use of a safety pin and hot and cold objects?
(V) trigeminal
The cranial nerve that contains special fibers for hearing as well as for balance is:
(VIII) vestibulocochlear
Which cranial nerve emerges from the medulla, passes through the skull and descends through the neck region into the thorax and abdominal region?
(X) Vegus
The secretion of gastric juice is regulated by the impulses of the
(X) Vegus nerve
When a circulating surgical technologist has several hospital documents open, what button can he/she click to minimize a document
-
At th
...
A physician prescribed 50 milligrams of Demerol. The Demerol is supplied in 100 mg/mL. How many mL of Demerol should be given
0.5 mL
one ml is equal to
1 cc
When setting the lower limit of the robotic arm, what is the rule of thumb for distance from the patient's skin surface
1 centimeter or less
What amount is approximately equal to 500 ml
1 pint
what is a kilogram equal to
1,000 grams
When performing external chest compressions on an adult during CPR, the sternum should be depressed
1-1/2 to 2 inches
How much water is necessary to inflate a 5-cc balloon on the foley indwelling catheter
10 cc
What is the length of time an item must be completely submersed in glutaraldehyde to consider it sterile
10 hours
What size of trocar is commonly used during a thoracoscopy
10mm
What size trocar is placed in the umbilical incision for a laparaoscopic choleycystectomy
10mm
The thoracic spine contains how many vertebrae?
12
What is the proper range of intraoperative pressure when using an insufflator during a laparoscopic procedure
12-15 mm Hg
One gram equals
15 grains
The ratio of compressions to ventilations for infants and children during two rescuer CPR is
15 to 2
What size of Foley catheter is commonly used for adults
16 Fr
What is the recommended maximum weight of an instrument tray
16lbs
According to the rule of nines, what percentage is assigned to the front and back of the trunk of the body
18%
The health care providers in two person CPR rotate the compressor role every _______ minutes
2
When performing the surgical scrub, the arms should be scrubbed
2" above the elbow
What is the correct placement of the OR table safety strap for the patient in the supine position
2" above the knees
A patient placed in the reverse trendelenburg position has the safety strap positioned
2" below the knees
The recommended number of air exchanges per hour within an operating room is
20
Continuous irrigation and hemostais of the bladder following a TURP is accomplished using a
24 Fr. 30-cc Foley balloon catheter
How long should the steam biological indicator be incubated before the reading is recorded
24 hours
During the application of arch bars the surgeon will most likely use what between the teeth and around the bar
25- or 26- gauge stainless steel wire
The proper pressure setting for the pneumatic tourniquet for an adult arm is
250-300 mm Hg
The minimum temperature for sterilization to take place in a prevacuum steam sterilizer is
270 degrees F
The temperature in a prevacuum sterilizer must reach a minimum of ______ degrees F at a pressure of ______ psi
270/27
Thrombin loses potency after
3 hours
QID refers to
3 times a day
Which type of suture is used on the seromuscular layer when an end to end anastomosis of the small intestine is performed
3-0 silk
What is the universal compression rate, except for newborns, for one rescuer CPR
30
When performing the preoperative shave, nicks and cuts are considered a clean wound for up to _____ minutes, and the surgical procedure need not be cancelled
30
Wrapped instruments sets must be sterilized for
30 minutes at 250 degrees for steam sterilization
At what pressure should the tourniquet be set for an adult thigh
300-350
What is the required minimum number of individuals to transfer a patient from the OR table to the gurney for transport to PACU
4
The dura mater is closed with
4-0 silk
How much 0.25% Marcaine should be mixed with 1 ML of 1.0% lidocaine to make the solution equal strengths of medication
4.0 mL
How long should the EtO biological indicator be incubated before the reading is recorded
48 hours
How many times is the patient identification confirmed before transporting from the ward room to the surgery department
5
What is the standard number of sponges in a lap package
5
The commonly used size of suture for peripheral vascular anastomosis of the popliteal artery is
5-0
The relative humidity in an operating room should be maintained at
50% to 60%
The minimum temperature for a warm cycle when using the Et0 sterilizer is
55 degrees C
What is the incubator temperature the surgical technologist should confirm for steam biological indicators
55-60 degrees
What temperature is the steam biological indicator incubated
55-60 degrees C
During a laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, the size of the laterally placed trocars is
5mm
What type of suture is used to pass through the ocular muscle prior to incising it
6-0 polyglactin
What size and type of suture should the surgical technologist have available for the saphenous vein to femoral artery anastomosis
6-0 polypropylene (prolene)
Chest compressions are recommended if the infant or child's heart rate per minute is less than
60
A small power drill has 60 Hz. What is the interpretation of 60 Hz
60 AC cycles per second
A medicine cup holds 2 ounces. How many milliliters does it hold
60ml
The temperature in the OR is maintained between
65-75 degrees
A characteristic of plain gut is that it absorbs in _____ days.
70
For EtO sterilized items, how long must they remain in an aerator being operated at 140 degrees F
8 hours
The pulse oximetry reading should remain at or above
95%
When sending an email to the laboratory department requesting blood test results for a patient, what symbol must the circulating surgical technologist include in the email address
@
The Patients' Bill of Rights establishes the patient as
A primary decision maker in care provided
Which of the following suture sizes is the smallest in diameter A. 4-0 B. 2-0 C. 0 D. 2
A. 4-0
Splenectomy is indicated for all of the following except: A. Biliary obstruction B. Trauma C. Hemolytic jaundice D. Hodgkin's disease
A. Biliary obstruction
Which of the following instruments would be found in a gastrointestinal setup? A. Doyen forceps B Taylor retractor C Lowsley clamp D. Ellik evacuator
A. Doyen forceps
which of the following instruments is not a retractor used in a prostatectomy A. Harrington B. Denis browne C. Millin D. Masson judd
A. Harrington
Which of the following statements is correct A. Once sterile drapes have been positioned, they should not be moved B. An item that extends below the able edge is considered sterile C. Inside of sterile wrappers is considered sterile up to a 3-inch perimeter D. When opening a sterile package, top flap is opened toward the body
A. Once sterile drapes have been positioned, they should not be moved
Which of the following is not a requirement when a patient is placed in the prone position? A. Safety belt is placed below the knees B. Arms on armboards or raised above head C. Head turned to the side D. Bolsters placed under axillae
A. Safety belt is placed below the knees
When performing a preoperative, patient-shave prep, all of the following apply except: A. Shave against the direction of hair growth B. Shave hair as close to surgery time as possible C. Clippers are preferred over razors D. shave wet and soap lathered area
A. Shave against the direction of hair growth
When performing a patient skin prep of the vagina, which area is prepped last? A. Anus B. Vulva C. Vagina D. Perineum
A. anus
A tourniquet is used in which of the following procedures? A. patellectomy B. ORIF hip C. shoulder arthroscopy D. Bankart repair
A. patellectomy
Which action would not be taken following a needlestick? A. Prevent bleeding B. Cleanse area C. Remove glove immediately D. Report incident
A. prevent bleeding
On which of the following would an antiseptic be used? A. skin surface B. anesthesia masks C. intravenous tubing D. operating room table
A. skin surface
The universal recipient blood type is
AB
When body cells require energy, what molecule is broken down?
ATP molecule
The structure that serves as the socket for the head of the femur is the:
Acetabulum
A pH level refers to:
Acidity vs. alkalinity levels
Parenteral administration of a drug refers to
Administration with a needle
The prostate gland secretes:
Alkaline fluid
atraumatic retractor that gently retracts the delicate lung tissue
Allison lung retractor or spatula
Why should nail polish be removed
Allow use of pulse oximeter
The area in the duodenum, where the common bile duct, and the pancreatic duct empty, is called the:
Ampula of Vater
Alpha-chymotrypsin
An enzyme used before cataract surgery to soften the zonules of the lens
Who determines when the patient can be transported from the OR to the PACU
Anesthesia provider
Aqueous humor is found within the
Anterior cavity
The left coronary artery divides into the
Anterior descending and circumflex
Which artery arises from the left ventricle?
Aorta
Intraocular pressure is primarily dependent on:
Aqueous humor
The perineum is the
Area between the vagina and the anus
Gerota's fascia is located:
Around the kidney
Characteristics of a synovial joint:
Articular cartilage, joint capsule and cavity, freely movable joint
Vaccination is an example of
Artificial active immunity
Neuroglia that are star shaped and attach neurons to their blood vessels
Astrocytes
A general consent form:
Authorizes all routine treatments or procedures
Neurons that conduct impulses to the cardiac muscles are part of the
Autonomic nervous system
the contractions of involuntary muscles are controlled by the
Autonomic nervous system
Which draping technique is not correct A. Drape from sterile to nonsterile area B. Stand across from surgeon C. Drape incisional area first D. Circulating person removes contaminated drapes
B Stand across from the surgeon
Which of the following is an unsterile member of the surgical team A. Surgeon B. Circulator C. Surgical assistant D. First scrub surgical technologist
B. Circulator
in which of the following situations will the patient not be allowed to sign the consent for surgery? A. Patient is legal age B. Patient received preoperative medications C. Patient explained alternative treatments D. Patient is emancipated minor
B. Patient received preoperative medications
Which of the following may be needed during an emergency splenecomy that may not be required during a routine splenctomy? A. CUSA B. Sarot clamp C. vascular sets D. ligating clip appliers
B. sarot clamp
The instrument used to grasp the appendix during an open appendectomy is
Babcock forceps
Which of the following retractors would be used to expose the glenohumeral joint during a total shoulder arthroplasty
Bankart
What instrument would be used to retract the muscles during a hip pinning
Bennett retractor
The muscle that flexes and supinates the forearm and covers the anterior portion of the upper arm is the
Biceps brachii
Chole refers to
Bile
Another name for a partial gastrectomy is
Billroth I
The atrioventricular (AV) valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle is the:
Biscuspid
Suturing forcep commonly used during ophthalmic procedures
Bishop-harmon
What type of instrument is a lowman?
Bone-holding clamp
Used to grasp the cervix when performing a D & C
Bozeman
Name the ligaments that maintain the position of the uterus
Broad, round, cardinal, and urterosacral
The conducting fibers that run from the AV node down the interventricular septum are referred to as the
Bundle of His
Which of the following is not routinely required for all patients preoperatively? A. Medical history and physical B. Surgical consent C. Chest X-ray D. Preoperative hygiene
C. Chest X-ray
Which of the following occurrences would not decrease the healing capabilities of a patient A. Deficiency in vitamin K B. Radiation therapy C. Early ambulation D. Use of steroids
C. Early ambulation
Which of the following surgical instruments is a self-retaining retractor? A. Deaver B. Goelet C. Gelpi D. US Army
C. Gelpi
Which of the following procedures would be performed with the patient in the lateral position A. Suprapubic prostatectomy B. Vaginal hysterectomy C. Nephrectomy D. Tonsillecotmy
C. Nephrectomy
Which of the following retractors would not be found in a major orthopedic instrument set? A. Bennett B. Hohmann C. Ragnell D. Richardson
C. Ragnell
Which of the following is a correct statement? A. When closed gloving, glove is positioned palm up to facilitate pulling on B. When closed gloving, fingers of glove are pointed away from elbow to facilitate pulling on C. When closed gloving, hand must not extend beyond cuffs D. When closed gloving, circulator holds outside of glove package, while scrub person secures first glove
C. When closed gloving, hand must not extend beyond cuffs
The most abundant ion in the body is
Calcium
Which surgical procedure is the initial incision made under the upper lip in the gingiva above the canine tooth and second molar
Caldwell luc
The cup-like extensions of the kidney pelvis that collect urine from the pyramids are:
Calyces
At the junction of the sclera and cornea is a venous sinus known as the:
Canal of Schlemm
Another name for spongy bone is:
Cancellous
The body's preferred source of energy is:
Carbohydrates
The portion of the stomach surrounding the lower esophageal sphincter is called the:
Cardia
The function of hemoglobin is to
Carry oxygen
A chemical reaction that provides energy by the breakdown of food molecules is called:
Catabolism
The wisp-like roots of the nerves at the end of the spinal cord are called the:
Cauda equina
The appendix is attached to the:
Cecum
The basic living, structural, and functional unit of the body is known as the
Cell
Testosterone is secreted by the
Cells of Leydig
Muscle tone, coordination of voluntary muscles and balance are controlled in the
Cerebellum
Which area of the brain produces subconscious skeletal muscle movements required for coordination and balance
Cerebellum
All thought takes place in the
Cerebral cortex
The most common brain disorder is
Cerebrovascular accidents
The largest part of the brain is the
Cerebrum
A term referring to a waxy secretion in the external ear canal is:
Cerumen
Which solution is most often used for spot cleaning of blood and body fluid spills on the OR floor
Chlorine compounds
The layer of the eye that absorbs light rays and nourishes the retina through its numerous blood vessels is the
Choroid
Which muscle alters the shape of the lens of the eye to accommodate near or far vision?
Ciliary Muscle
The smooth intrinsic muscle that alters the shape of the eye lens is the
Ciliary body
wound created under ideal surgical conditions with no entry into the aerodigestive or gastrointestinal tracts
Class I
Wound with controlled entrance into the gastrointestinal tract.
Class II
Wound with gross spillage from the gastrointestinal tract that occurred during the procedure
Class III
wound that is clinically infected or an old traumatic wound with retained necrotic tissue
Class IV
The winding, cone-shaped tube of the inner ear is the
Cochlea
Which duct carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum
Common bile
To assist the surgeon in application of a plaster cast, how does the technologist prevent telescoping of the plaster roll during application?
Compress the ends of the cast roll after removal from the water basin
The function of the trachea is to:
Conduct air to and from the lungs
The layer of the eye that is clear, covers the iris, and contains no blood vessels is the:
Cornea
In the ovary, a granular yellow body that develops after the extrusion of an ovum is the
Corpus luteum
The peripheral nervous system contains
Cranial and spinal nerves
An example of a flat bone is the
Cranial bones
To emphasize a sentence in an Incident Report, the circulating surgical technologist uses the shortcut for the bold function by holding down which buttons on the keyboard
Ctrl-B
Hegar dilators would be found in what kind of instrument set
D & C
Which of the following would be incorrect technique when removing the sterile gown and gloves? A. Circulator unties gown B. Gown removed inside out C. Gloves removed inside out D. Gloves removed first
D. Gloves removed first
Which of the following hemostatic agents is not recommended for use on bone A. Absorbable gelatin B. Thrombin C. Absorbable collagen D. Oxidized cellulose
D. Oxidized cellulose
Which of the following areas should be prepped last when performing a patient skin prep? A. Skin incision site B. Axillary region C. Umbilicus D. Stoma
D. Stoma
For a splenectomy procedure, which of the following clamps could be used? A. Allen B. Doyen C. Duval D. Satinsky
D. satinsky
Which synthetic material used for grafts requires preclotting
Dacron knit polyester
What is a type of bladder retractor used during a cesarean section
De Lee
The set of teeth that erupt at about six months of age and are lost are the:
Deciduous teeth
A triangular muscle that abducts the arm and covers the shoulder is the
Deltoid
The teeth are composed primarily of:
Dentin
The shaft of a bone is known as the:
Diaphysis
The function of the small intestine is:
Digestion and absorption of nutrients
The movement of blood through a vessel can be assessed by
Doppler device
The main duct of the pancreas is the
Duct of Wirsung
The first part of the small intestine is the:
Duodenum
The outermost covering of the brain and spinal cord is the
Dura mater
A stapling device used to perform low anterior anastomosis is
EEA
Another name for the tympanic membrane is the:
Eardrum
Which of the following roller bandages would be used to secure a bulky dressing on an extremity when compression is needed to reduce postinjury edema?
Elastoplast
Why are sliding doors preferred in the operating room
Eliminate air currents
The fluid within the membranous labyrinth is called:
Endolymph
The inner lining of the uterus is the:
Endometrium
What is the function of phagocytic white blood cells?
Engulf and destroy bacteria
The comma-shaped organ that lies along the posterior border of the testis is the
Epididymis
The large, leaf-shaped laryngeal cartilage that acts as a trap door over the larynx is the:
Epiglottis
A vasoconstrictor added to a local anesthetic agent to extend the life of the local agent is
Epinephrine
The area of a bone where growth occurs until early adulthood is the:
Epiphyseal plate
The extremity or end of a bone is known as the
Epiphysis
The inner lining of the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract is composed of
Epithelium
The hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of the female secondary sex characteristics is:
Estrogen
The nasal sinus located between the nose and the orbits is the
Ethmoid
The structure that connects the middle ear and the throat, allowing the eardrum to vibrate freely, is the:
Eustachian tube
In the physiology of hearing, sound waves collect in the _______ and pass on to hit the ________:
External auditory canal, tympanic membrane
Fertilization of the ovum generally occurs in the
Fallopian tubes
When transporting a patient to the OR in what direction would the gurney be situated
Feet first
A patient is undergoing a femoropopliteal bypass. The proximal portion of the saphenous vein has been dissected free and cut free from the saphenofemoral junction. The surgeon is now ready to anastomose the proximal end of the saphenous vein to the femoral artery. What is the second step in preparation for the anastomosis?
Femoral artery clamped with two debakey angled vascular clamps
The finger-like projections on the end of the fallopian tubes are
Fimbriae
The portion of the uterus above the level of the uterine tubes is called the
Fundus
During an abdominoperineal resection, which stapling device should the ST have available to form an anal pouch from the ileum
GIA
The muscle that forms the bulk of the upper calf is the
Gastrocnemius
The first step of urine production in which fluids and dissolved substances are forced through a membrane by pressure is called
Glomerular filtration
A capillary network of blood vessels within the renal cortex that functions as a filter is called the
Glomerulus
The space between the vocal cords is called the:
Glottis
The process by which glucose is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle cells as glycogen is:
Glycogenesis
an organelle that is responsible for the packaging of proteins is the
Golgi complex
The double-layered, apron-like structure, that hangs from the lower border of the stomach is the:
Greater omentum
Abbreviation for Hepatitis B virus
HBV
abbreviation that denotes AIDS
HIV
when turning the gown, what is the proper procedure
Hand tage to circulator; circulator moves around gown
The roof of the mouth is formed by the:
Hard and soft palates
A type of deep retractor commonly used during an open cholecystectomy is a
Harrington
The pouches of the large intestine are called
Haustra
heavy clamp that has a single large tooth at the tip of the instrument because of the size of the clamp, the tooth, and serrations, it can grasp and clamp the uterus for manipulation and retraction of the organ without slipping
Heaney clamp
Name parts of the inflammatory process
Heat, pain, edema
The process by which blood cells are formed is knows as:
Hemopoiesis
The small intestine is drained by the
Hepatic portal vein
The vessel that delivers blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver is the
Hepatic portal vein
The notch on the kidney through which the ureters exit is the
Hilum
The only bone in the body that does not articulate with another is the
Hyoid
The most common cause of intracerrebral hemorrhage is
Hypertension
The cranial nerve that carries motor fibers to the tongue and sensory impulses from the tongue to the brain is the:
Hypoglossal (XII)
Wound class assigned to a bowel case in which the resident perforated during the procedure
III
An injury sustained due to the care given by a healthcare professional is called
Iatrogenic
Why should breast biopsies be kept in separate containers when sent to the pathology department
If only one of the biopsies is positive, then the surgeon will remove the correct breast
What is the standard procedure performed after a prostatectomy
Ileal conduit
The portion of the small intestine that joins the large intestine is the
Ileum
Which arteries are formed by the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta?
Iliac
first phase of wound healing and begins within minutes of injury and lasts for 3 to 5 days
Inflammatory phase of wound healing
the funnel shaped open distal end of each fallopian tube is called an
Infundibulum
The islets of Langerhans secrete:
Insulin
Vitamins A, D, E, and K are absorbed in the:
Intestine
The inner layer of an artery is known as the
Intima
Where do the pulmonary veins empty
Into the left atrium
What structure regulates the amount of light entering the eye and assists in obtaining a clear image?
Iris
The essential component of hemoglobin is
Iron
The vertebrae are examples of what type of bone?
Irregular
What organization requires surgery departments to maintain operative records that record the perioperative care given to all surgical patients
JCAHO
An active, closed, low pressure wound drainage system removes minimal amounts of fluids against gravity. A system having special flat catheters connected to a reservoir is known as a
Jackson-Pratt®.
What instrument is commonly used to make the final cut in order to remove the uterus during an abdominal hysterectomy
Jorgensen scissors
The large vein that drains the head is the
Jugular
The catabolism of fats produces what substances:
Ketone bodies
Which forceps have a single tooth at the tip and are a heavy type of forcep, ideal for grasping tendon, aponeurosis, or muscle
Kocher forceps
What would be used to remove nasal polyps
Krause nasal snare
The vocal cords are located in the:
Larynx
When the arm of a laser hits the OR wall, what is the concern of the surgical team
Laser mirrors will be out of alignment
Where are cruciate ligaments found in the knee?
Lateral and medial in the knee
The facial fracture that involves the complete separation of the midface from the cranial base in a
Le Fort II
what is the best shielding againts gamma rays?
Lead
Which organ is responsible for the synthesis of many of the coagulation factors?
Liver
When moving a patient from the lithotomy position:
Lower legs together
Name parts of the immune system that help fight infection
Lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen
Name the ossicles of the middle ear
Malleus, Incus, and stapes
What would most likely be used to stabilize a cervical fracture
Mayfield clamp
Female urethral dilation may be accomplished with
McCarthy dilators
The ureters enter the bladder
Medially from the posterior aspect
The region between the lungs is the
Mediastinum
The part of the brain that is a continuation of the spinal cord and forms the inferior portion of the brain stem is the
Medulla
The area of the brain that controls respiration is the
Medulla oblongata
The structure that binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is the:
Mesentery
What valve is located between the left upper and lower chambers of the heart
Mitral
The acronym MAC stands for
Monitored anesthesia care
The elevated adipose tissue over the symphysis is called the
Mons pubis
What can be utilized for wounds in particular for abdominal surgical wounds, that will require frequent dressing changes and prevent damage to the skin
Montgomery straps
The walls of the vagina are lined with
Mucous membrane
Dilating drops are called
Mydriatics
Neuron axons that are surrounded by a multilayer, white, phospholipid, segmented covering are called
Myelinated neurons
The middle layer of the uterus composed of muscle is the
Myometrium
laser that can be used with an endoscope to treat hydrocephalus
ND:YAG
The symbol for sodium chloride is
NaCl
The structure that drains excess tears to the nasal cavity, causing the nose to run is the:
Nasolacrimal duct
Endometrial laser ablation is most commonly treated by
Nd:YAG
Which laser is used to coagulate bleeders during an endoscopic procedure
Nd:YAG
Laser technology in the operating room requires the surgical technologist to have knowledge of spectrum types. From the following lasers, which is the most powerful coagulator capable of vaporizing a large volume of tissue and has applications in more than five specialties?
Neodymium YAG
The functional unit of the kidney responsible for removing waste and regulating fluid is the
Nephron
The basic unit of the nervous system is the
Neuron
Chemicals released by neurons to increase or inhibit impulses are called
Neurotransmitters
The abbreviation used for the right eye
OD
Urinary catheterization is most commonly performed in the
OR after induction of anesthesia
The abbreviation used for the left eye
OS
The foramen magnum is found in which bone
Occipital
Which part of the microscope provides magnification and resolving power
Optical lens system
Hardening of spongy bone in the ear
Otosclerosis
The ovary is attached to the uterus by the:
Ovarian ligamment
Ninety-six percent of the body's mass is made up of:
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
A tube placed in the incision made into the tympanic membrane during a myringotomy is a
PE tube
The organ that lies posterior to the greater curvature of the stomach, and is connected by a duct to the duodenum is the
Pancreas
What bones form the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity?
Parietal
Gland located in the stomach
Parietal Cells
The salivary glands located in the front of the ear, that become inflamed and enlarged during mumps are the:
Parotid
When performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, approximately where should the robotic arm be positioned on the OR table
Patient's right side; mid-thigh
The dense white fibrous covering around bone is the:
Periosteum
The passageway for foods and liquids into the digestive system, and for air into the respiratory system is the:
Pharynx
Which structure has three divisions consisting of naso, oro, and laryngeal?
Pharynx
The larynx is located between the:
Pharynx and trachea
The structure that provides an exchange of nutrients and wastes between the fetus and mother and secretes the hormones necessary to maintain the pregnancy is:
Placenta
Albumin, globulin, and firbrinogen are all
Plasma proteins
The bridge connecting the spinal cord with the brain is the
Pons
The large artery found behind the knee is the:
Popliteal
What microorganism is responsible for causing Creutzfeld-Jakob disease
Prion
The only artery in the body that carries unoxygenated blood is the:
Pulmonary artery
Which vessel arises from the right ventricle?
Pulmonary artery
The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and the vastus intermedius are muscles that extend the legs and are known as the
Quadriceps
The main function of the large intestine is to:
Reabsorb water and electrolytes
Bilateral salpingo oophorectomy
Removal of both tubes and ovaries
An ST counts only 9 sponges in a pack on the initial count. After recounting the sponges, it is confirmed that there are only 9 sponges in the pack. What is the appropriate course of action?
Remove the current package form the surgical field, but not the OR; document the problem; open a new package; recount
In the prone position, the thorax must be elevated from the OR table to prevent
Respiratory complications
The kidneys are positioned
Retroperitoneally
A Joseph elevator is used in
Rhinologic procedures
The cricoid cartilage is a:
Ring of cartilage, forming the inferior walls of the larynx
Most common straight catheter used prior to laparoscopic gynecological surgery in the OR
Robinson
Another name for the folds of the stomach is
Rugae
The pacemaker of the heart is the:
SA Node
The acromion is part of which bone?
Scapula
The white, tough layer of the eye that gives it its shape is the:
Sclera
What is the surgical technologist role concerning transferring the patient to the gurney in the OR for transport to the PACU
Scrub person maintains sterile back table until patient leaves OR
Which part of the ear is responsible for equilibrium?
Semicircular canals
Sperm are produced by the
Seminiferous tubules
Which of the following retractors would be the most
Senn
The nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the:
Septum
The outer layer of the intestine is the:
Serosa
Inhibin is produced by the
Sertolis cells
What is the name of the instrument part located between the boxlock and finger rings
Shank
The sharp uterine curettes located in a D & C tray are called
Sims
Striated-voluntary muscle tissue is found in the _____ muscle tissue
Skeletal
The most abundant extracellular ion necessary for the transmission of impulses is:
Sodium
A vegetative resting state of some bacilli is known as a
Spore
Which ossicle of the middle ear covers the oval window?
Stapes
If a sterile glove becomes contaminated during a procedure what action should the scrub person take
Step away from the table have circulator pull off glove scrub is regloved by another sterile team member
methylprednisolone acetate (Depo-Medrol)
Steroid used topically to diminish inflammation after eye surgery
The primary function of the gallbladder is to:
Store Bile
The plicae circulares, microvilli, and villi are:
Structures that increase surface absorption area in the small intestine
The large artery that arises from the left side of the aortic arch and descends into the arm is the
Subclavian
A rapid onset muscle relaxant used for intubation in short cases is
Succinylcholine chloride (anectine)
A constant relationship between unlike species of organisms
Symbiosis
The sutures of the skull are examples of:
Synarthrosis
The thymus gland functions in immunity by producing:
T cells
Name the structures located in the alveolar processes
Teeth
The mandible articulates with the
Temporal bone
What is the principal male hormone produced in the testes and responsible for sexual characteristics
Testosterone
Smooth, sustained contractions produced by several very rapid stimuli are called
Tetanus
The diencephalon is composed of the:
Thalamus and hypothalamus
What act reinforced the Patients' Bill of rights
The Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990
An ST just opened an instrument set that is wet inside after undergoing steam sterilization. What is the most likely reason for the condensation in the package and how can it be corrected
The absorbent towels were wrapped too tightly around the instrument tray, so they retained moisture. The tray should be reprocessed with loosely wrapped new towels
A retractor used during a tonsillectomy that has one end that is used to dissect the tissue to free up the tonsil for removal and the other end can be used to retract the fossa
The hurd or pillar retractor
Why is the right kidney typically several centimeters lower than the left kidney
The liver rests superior and anterior to the right kidney
What special consideration should the surgical technologist remember when holding a Love nerve root retractor
The retractor should be positioned and held gently to prevent injury of the nerve root
The pancreas lies behind the stomach and duodenum in the right and left upper quadrants and is divided into _____ portions
Three
The medial malleolus is part of which bone?
Tibia
What three safety factors should be remembered concerning the safety of the surgical technologist and ionizing radiation
Time, shielding, distance
The structure that is located anterior to the esophagus and extends from the larynx to the fifth thoracic vertebrae is the
Trachea
Which ligament stabilizes the duodenojejeunal angle?
Treitz
The best surgical position for visualization of the lower abdomen or pelvis is
Trendelenburg
the fifth cranial nerve is also called the
Trigeminal nerve
The triangular area of the bladder that is formed by the two openings of the ureters and the opening of the urethra is known as the
Trigone
A large, bony process found on the femur is a:
Trochanter
Name the structures of an artery
Tunica adventitia, tunica intima and tunica media
The olecranon is part of which bone?
Ulna
What agency established standards for drugs
United States Pharmacopeia (USP)
Trigeminal neuralgia arises from the irritation of which cranial nerve
V
Meniere's disease is associated with which cranial nerve
VIII vestibulochoclear
The ciliary body is part of which layer of the eye?
Vascular
The brain contains four fluid-filled spaces called the
Ventricles
Where is cerebrospinal fluid formed?
Ventricles
Central nervous system depressant
Versed
The cartilaginous nasal septum lies upon which bone?
Vomer
An example of a short bone is the
Wrist
A procedure performed to overcome contraction of the bladder neck caused by primary or secondary stricture is
Y-V-plasty
a lumbar meningocele involves removal of
a fluid filled sac
. An intraparietal hernia of the musculoaponeurotic layer is most likely
a strangulated hernia below the linea arcuata
When sterilizing basin sets
a woven towel is used to separate the basins
A patient is transported into the preoperative patient care unit. After the IV has been placed in the arm, the patient is left alone with the side railing down and the patient falls out of the bed suffering a fracture to the clavicle. Which unintentional tort applies to this situation
abandonment
If a patient falls from a gurney and was alone, what specific legal charge could be applied to this situation
abandonment
The procedure for a lower rectal malignancy that requires an abdominal and rectal incision is
abdominoperineal resection
epi
above or upon
Bur holes are created for
abscess, ventriculography, and shunting
Microtia refers to
absence of auricle
Soda lime is used in mask inhalation anesthesia to
absorb carbon dioxide
A characteristic of polyglycolic acid sutures is that they are
absorbable
What is a hemostatic agent that is contraindicated for use in the presence of infection
absorbable collagen
What is used to close the conjunctiva
absorbable suture
polyglycolic acid (dexon)
absorbable suture
Once a surgical technologist dons a gown, the cuffs on the gown are considered unsterile because they are
absorbent and collect moisture
Failure of the sphincter muscles of the lower esophagus to relax is a condition called
achalasia
When using electrosurgery, what device delivers the current to the patient
active electrode
A disease that occurs quickly and has rapid recovery is known as a/an
acute disease
Name a nonadherent dressing
adaptic
Excision of lymphoid tissue at the roof of the nasopharynx and above the soft palate to facilitate breathing is a
adenoidectomy
The trade name for epinephrine is
adrenalin
Surgical masks should be changed
after each case
A surgeon will be performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and prefers access ports located in the patient's midline. When should the robotic arm be positioned on the OR table?
after patient has been positioned
cimetidine
agent commonly given preoperatively to inhibit the production of gastric acid
When two chest tubes are inserted after an open cardiovascular procedure the upper tube is used to evacuate
air
When preparing the contrast solution for a cholangiogram, what should the surgical technologist ensure is not present within the syringe and why
air bubbles; appear as stones on X-ray
If used as part of the skin prep, _____ solution should be allowed to dry before electrocautery is used.
alcohol
Microbes that prefer an alkaline environment
alkalophilic
When counting instruments such as the balfour self retaining retractor what is the proper procedure
all instruments and loose parts are counted
which clamp would be found in a general or intestinal set and is available in different lengths and is an atraumatic clamp that is used to clamp intestinal tissue
allen clamp
What surgical instrument is commonly used for insertion of a device into the tympanic incision
alligator forceps
Before closing a kidney incision the OR table is straightened to
allow closure of wound
What type of current does electrosurgery utilize
alternating current
What should line the mesh bottom of a tray locked for preparation of instruments for steam sterilization
an absorbent towel
Microbes that prefer to live without oxygen are called
anaerobes
characterizes bacteria of the genus clostridium
anaerobic
Meperidine hydrochloride (Demorol) is an
analgesic
The EEA surgical stapler is used for
anastomosis of proximal colon to rectum
When positioning an anesthetized patient, supporting the head and neck is the responsibility of the
anesthesia provider
Which endoscope is used to visualize the heart and major vessels
angioscope
What procedure should the first scrub surgical technologist set up when a female patient is undergoing repair for a cystocele and rectocele
anterior and posterior colporrhaphy
Best placement area for the electrosurgical grounding pad for a patient in the lithotomy position
anterior thigh
Cephalothin sodium (keflin) is an
antibiotic
protamine sulfate
anticoagulant given for its antagonistic effect on heparin
Chemical substances that react with the body and cause the formation of antibodies are known as
antigens
What drug may be used to treat an allergy
antihistamine
What is the function of silver sulfadiazine (silvadene)
antimicrobial
. The abdomen is open, and self-retaining retractors are in place. The parietal peritoneum is incised to expose the aorta above the aneurysm, seen partially rupturing. What does the surgeon need immediately?
aortic cross clamp
What type of drape is commonly used to drape the eye
aperture
During which surgery is a Meckel's diverticulum typically discovered
appendectomy
What is used to immobilize the jaw following a mandibular fracture
arch bar
Between each surgical procedure, decontamination of walls involves washing
areas that have been splashed with blood or debris
Which laser is best used during a vitrectomy
argon
Which laser is used to treat retinopathy
argon
injury most likely related to airbag deployment
arm fractures
Atheroma within the lumen of an artery associated with the disease affecting the arterial system is called
arteriosclerosis obliterans
arterio
artery
A surgical procedure in which a joint is fused to prevent movement is called
arthrodesis
For a patient recovering from general anesthesia, what complication of vomiting is considered the most dangerous
aspiration
A patient signs a consent for surgery but does not speak English and does not fully understand what he/she singed. Surgery on the patient could constitute a liability case for
assault and battery
An uneven curvature of the cornea is known as
astigmatism
Fatty deposits on the walls of arteries are called
atherosclerosis
an anticholinergic drug given preoperatively to inhibit mucous secretion is
atropine
Type of prosthesis used to replace the femoral head and neck during a hemiarthroplasty
austine moore
used to oxygenate and circulate blood
autotransfuser
What is the reinfusion of a patients own blood called
autotransfusion
What is the name of a weighted vaginal speculum
auvard
A microfibrillar collagen that is either supplied in a compacted nonwoven web form or in loose birous form is known as
avitene
Which hemostatic agent must be applied dry and only handled with dry gloves and instruments
avitene
When using an armboard on the OR table, the most important measure is to
avoid hyperextension of the arm
An indwelling foley catheter is inserted into a patient prior to the start of a hysterectomy to
avoid injury to the bladder
The cystoplasmic process of a neuron that conducts impulses away from the cell body is an
axon
Instrument that is the best choice for grasping bowel tissue
babcock
A microorganism that is rod-shaped
bacillus
The gram stain differentiates between
bacteria
Dentists prescribe antibiotics for an infected tooth prior to extraction to prevent
bacterial endocarditis
A virus that invades a bacterial cell is called a
bacteriophage
The simplest form of cell organization is the
bacterium
Which instrument is a rib contractor
bailey
A cyst in the popliteal fossa is called a
baker's cyst
The instrument used for common duct exploration during an open choleycystectomy is
bakes dilator
used for irrigating the eye and keeping the cornea moist
balanced salt solution (bss)
A self retaining retractor used for exposure of the abdominal cavity is
balfour
procedure for removal on an embolus
balloon catheterizations
The procedure in which the attenuated anterior capsule of the shoulder is reattached to the rim of the glenoid fossa with sutures is called a
bankart
What specialized type of retractors is used during a rotator cuff repair that aids in exposure of the surgical site
bankart
secobarbital
barbiturate that may be used for sleep the night before surgery
suction tip that is the best choice for pediatric otology procedures
baron
What suction tip is used during delicate procedures, such as the placement of PE tubes in the ear
baron suction tip
If a routine surgical procedure was performed without consent, the surgeon committed
battery
Positioning device that may be used in positioning a patient for a total hip arthroplasty
bean bag
The self retaining retractor used during a lumbar laminectomy is
beckman
The anterior chamber of the eye lies
behind the cornea and in front of the iris
The majority of abdominal aortic aneurysems begin
below the renal arteries
elevator used to elevate a bone due to its shape, or retract tissue
benett elevator
A TURP is performed to treat
benign prostatic hypertrophy
midazolam (versed)
benzodiazepine sedative given intramuscularly for premedication
inter
between
All of the following statements are true for the handling of specimens, except A. Hemostatic clamp is not placed on the specimen B. Bilateral specimens are placed in the same container C. Anaeorobic cultures should be refrigerated. D. Specimens are not handed off on a surgical sponge
bilateral specimens are placed in the same container
The function of the sphincter of oddi is to control the flow of
bile into the duodenum
Positive assurance of sterility can be accomplished only with the use of
biologic indicator
Positive assurance of sterility can be accomplished only with the use of
biologic monitors
What type of electrosurgical unit does not require the use of a grounding pad
bipolar
Agents used to attain hemostasis during neurosurgery
bipolar electrosurgery, cottonoid strips, and bone wax
What is the name of the indicator that assists the anesthesia provider in monitoring the anesthesia level during a surgical procedure
bispectral index monitoring
emia
blood condition
What color is a nitrous oxide tank
blue
What type of needle would be used on the liver
blunt
After debridement of the stump and severed digit during a replantation surgery, the next step is
bone to bone attachment
A mechanical method of hemostasis used during orthopedic procedures is
bone wax
Substance used to stop bleeding from the surface of a cut bone
bone wax
Which agent is commonly applied to the bleeding surface and edges of bone
bone wax
In terms of physical principles, how is a laser similar to an endoscope
both emit light
If a tumor of an ovary is suspected to be malignant, what other organs will be excised
both fallopian tubes, both ovaries and uterus
Where should the biological test pack be placed on the steam sterilizing cart
bottom front
A male patient enters the OR for the repair of a direct inguinal hernia. However, the patient is complaining of more than usual pain upon palpation of the inguinal region of the abdomen. In addition, the patient's white blood cell count is abnormaly increased. Based on this information what should the ST be prepared for during the procedure
bowel resection due to strangulated hernia
A curved, tapered surgical needle is used most often on
bowel tissue
What test is used to check for air entrapment in the prevacuum sterilizer
bowie dick test
Another name for the uterine dressing forceps found in a D & C tray is
bozeman
A bronchoscopy procedure allows visualization of the
bronchi
What tissue forcep has a row of small teeth at the end of each tip making it an ideal instrument for grasping tissue such as the subcuticular, tendon, or muscle, but should not be used to grasp delicate tissue such as the liver
brown tissue forcep
A vascular clamp used for occluding peripheral vessels is
bulldog
Which clamps are used to clamp peripheral arteries and veins
bulldogs
All of the following statements are true for the handling of bullets as a specimen, Except A. Bullet is placed in a dry container B. Bullet is handed off with forceps C. Bullet is handed off on a towel D. Bullet has legal significance
bullet is handed off with forceps
A keller arthroplasty or McBride procedure is performed to treat
bunions
A severe fracture of the tibial plateau is treated by using
buttress plates
Generally, Where on the OR table is the robotic arm positioned for surgeries of the lower abdomen
by patient's head
Filliforms are used to
bypass urethral obstruction
The parathyroid gland regulates
calcium
An emergency drug used in cardiac surgery that increases myocardial contractility is
calcium chloride
Where is the gastrocnemius muscle located
calf
An important preoperative preparation of a laser is
calibrating laser beam
The incision for a Caldwell luc procedure involves the
canine fossa
A fracture of the neck of the femur would require what type of screw
cannulated screw
type of dispersive electrode that is a large pad placed on the OR table inside a protective cover which the patient lays on top
capacitance pad
The Penrose drain allows fluid to move out of the wound into the dressing through
capillary action.
What analyzes and measures expired carbon dioxide during a surgical procedure
capnograpphy
inorganic compounds usually lack
carbon
which type of laser is used to remove methyl methacrylate from a cemented joint implant during a revision arthroplasty
carbon dioxide
A colposcopy may be performed for suspected
carcinoma in situ
An anesthetized patient is moved slowly to prevent
cardiovascular complications
What procedure is performed for chronic cerebral ischemia
carotid endarterectomy
scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate are what kind of bones
carpal bones that make up the wrist
Compression of the median nerve of the wrist is relieved by performing a
carpal tunnel release
What surgical procedure is performed to relieve pressure on the median nerve
carpal tunnel release
What term describes someone known as a host who has an infection but displays no symptoms
carrier
which needle holder has delicate tips that are ideal for the placement of small needles that are easily crushed. The needle holder will be found in neurosurgerical, plastic cardiovascular and eye sets
castroviejo
During a transurethral resection of the prostate, bleeding is controlled by
cauterization
The ultrasonic washer cleans instruments by
cavitation
The procedure performed for decompression of the cecum due to colonic obstruction is
cecostomy
Which arteries arise directly from the aorta?
celiac, mesenteric, and common carotid
What item should be available during a total hip arthroplasty to be inserted into the reamed femoral canal that will prevent methyl methacrylate from entering the medullary canal
cement restrictor
assesses the function of the right side of the heart
central venous pressure
what would a brain spoon be used for
cerebral aneurysm
A surgical technologist working in the Central Sterile Supply Department is recording the test results for a steam biologic indicator (BI). The BI that was exposed to the sterilization process indicates positive results, meaning the growth of microbes occurred. The entire load for that BI is considered unsterile. How did the surgical technologist verify the BI was positive
change in color of liquid
What can contribute to the decreased effectiveness of the electrosurgical unit current and the first scrub surgical technologist should resolve
charred tissue on electrode tip
An additional important intervention treatment for malignant hyperthermia is
chilled saline lavage of body cavities
Mentoplasty means reconstruction of the
chin
The term mentoplasty refers to plastic surgery of the
chin
When performing a rhinoplasty, the hump in the nose is removed with a
chisel
Procedure that requires an opening into the gallbladder to permit drainage and removal of stones
cholecystostomy
An accumulation of squamous epithelium that forms a mass destructive to the middle ear is called
cholesteatoma
The benign tumor that damages the mastoid air cells and ossicles of the ear is
cholesteatoma
Which suture is treated with a salt solution to decrease the rate of absorption
chromic
A Gomco clamp or Plastibell are used for
circumcision
Cramp like pains in the lower leg caused by poor blood circulation to the lower leg muscles is called
claudication
The method of inhalation anesthesia that allows complete rebreathing of expired gases is
closed method
colles' fracture is often treated by
closed reduction
When draping the patient for abdominal procedure, which of the four towels used to square off an incision is placed first
closest to scrub person
The microorganism that is the cause of myonecrosis in the surgical patient is
clostridium perfringens
which organism causes gas gangrene
clostridium perfringens
A bacteria frequently found in soil, water sewage, debris, and air is
clostridium tetani
Utilizing electric current to close severed vessels is called
coagulation
The destruction of organisms in an autoclave is accomplished by the
coagulation of cell protein
What is the preferred suture material for the fixation of heart valves
coated polyester
Topical anesthetic used prior to nasal surgery
cocaine
What implant is used for individuals with sensorineural deafness
cochlear implant
A protein substance that is the chief constituent of connective tissue is
collagen
Which of the following robotic devices requires sterilization A. Robotic arm B. Computer C. Collar D. Optics device
collar
A dorsally angulated fracture of the distal radius is called
colles' fracture
What type of dressing is often used for pediatric patients
collodion
An examination of the cervix that uses a binocular microscope is called a
colposcopy
What type of drape would be used for an abdominoperineal resection performed with the patient in the lithotomy position
combined drape
a type of relationship in which two organisms live together but only one benefits is
commensalism
What is the term that describes a fracture in which the bone penetrates the skin
compound
Femoral shaft fractures in an adult can be repaired by
compression plating
If the patient is in supine position, the circulating surgical technologist must always
confirm the ankles and legs are not crossed
The cause of arteriovenous malformations is
congenital defect
During strabismus surgery, which is the first tissue layer that must be incised
conjunctiva
A fomite that contains microorganisims is said to be
contaminated
Omental flaps, falciform ligament, or Gerota's fascia flaps may be used to
control liver hemorrhage
A procedure to remove intractable pain due to terminal cancer is
cordotomy
The transparent portion of the external tunic of the eye is called the
cornea
Which insrument is used to make the corneal cut during a keratoplasty
corneal trephine
When opening a sterile wrapper the unsterile person should first open the
corner farthest from the body
What sponge is used directly on the structures of the brain
cottonoid
Repair of a cranial defect is called
cranioplasty
The condition of premature closure of the infant suture lines is called
craniosynostosis
A gigli saw is used during a
craniotomy
What surgical procedure requires cottonoids
craniotomy
mechanical methods of hemostasis
crile clamp, ligating clips, pressure dressing
A type of inflammatory bowel disease with chronic inflammation of the intestine is called
crohn's disease
A patient who underwent a bronchoscopy is diagnosed with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection which is traced to this type of infection
cross contamination
Anterior and posterior knee stability is influenced by the dynamics of the
cruciate ligaments
The local freezing of diseased tissue to facilitate removal without bleeding is
cryosurgery
What type of specialty equipment uses liquid nitrogen and is often utilized to repair retinal detachments
cryotherapy unit
When applying surgical drapes
cuff drape, unfold it away from the operative site
A diagnostic procedure for suspected ectopic pregnancy is
culdocentesis
What instrument is used to clamp on the edges of the hernia sac in order for the surgeon to reduce the contents back into their normal anatomic position
curved crile hemostat
. The peritoneum has been reached through the use of knife, electrocautery, and retractors. What will the surgeon need next as the assistant secures the retractors?
curved hemostat and deep blade
What method is best for testing the sharpness of metzenbaum scissors
cut two 4 x 4 sponges
When assisting with the closure of a skin incision and operating the skin stapler, the surgical technologist in the scrub role is placing the staples through which two layers
cuticular and subcuticular
A biopsy punch is an instrument that
cuts
An osteotome is what type of instrument
cutting
Which type of needle point would be selected for use on skin
cutting
Which type of needle point would be selected for use on tendon
cutting
A rongeur is a type of
cutting instrument
tropicamide (mydriacyl)
cycloplegic drug used to dilate the pupil
Which drug is used to decrease the body's natural immunity and given to the patient prior to organ transplantation
cyclosporine
The structures that must be ligated prior to removal of the gallbladder are the
cystic artery and cystic duct
The prolapse of the bladder causing a bulge in the anterior vaginal wall is called a
cystocele
Division of the parent cell's cytoplasm and organelles is known as
cytokineses
All of the following are requirements of the Kraske position except: A. The hips are placed over break in table B. a pillow is placed under lower legs and ankles C. A padded safety strap is placed 2 inches above the knees D. The arms are tucked at the sides of the patient
d. The arms are tucked at the sides of the patient
Agents that control bleeding in the skin and glia
dandy forceps, raney clips, and lidocaine with epinephrine
What drug is administered for malignant hyperthermia
dantrolene
drug given for malignant hypothermia
dantrolene
Which angled retractor found in a thoracotomy set is used for retracting the scapula during thoracic procedures
davidson
The space caused be separation of wound edges is called
dead space
A common fear of school-aged children related to general anesthesia is
death
The procedure to treat trigeminal neuralgia is
decompression
What term is used to describe the attainment of a three dimensional simulation of the images of a patient's tissues in order for the surgeon to practice prior to the surgical procedure
deformable modeling
The robotic arm's clockwise and counterclockwise movements around an axis are referred to as
degrees of rotation
A patient is transported into the preoperative patient care unit. After the IV has been placed in the arm, the patient is left alone with the side railing down and the patient falls out of the bed suffering a fracture to the clavicle. The surgical technologist that was assigned to patient care duties in the preoperative unit answers pretrial questions referred to as a
deposition
A major concern when treating geriatric patients requiring additional emotional support by the surgical team members is
depression
What instrument is used during an open reduction and internal fixation to determine the correct screw length needed to secure the compression plate to the fractured bone?
depth gauge
Reese and Brown are types of
dermatomes
The presence of ketones in urine when a urinalysis is performed indicates
diabetes mellitus
What term describes voltage that is strong enough to compromise the sterile glove, an insulator, causing a hole and possibly burning the individual
dielectric breakdown
Dys
difficult
A passive process in which there is a net or greater movement of molecules or ions from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is called
diffusion
What classification is a bake surgical instrument
dilating
The most frequent means by which infections are spread are
direct contact with infected person
What type of hernia occurs within Hesselbach's triangle and does not have a sac
direct hernia
What is the correct procedure to follow when a sterile metal graduate is opened and water droplets are on the inside
discard the pitcher, it is contaminated
What is the first treatment for malignant hyperthermia
discontinue anesthesia administration
An ST is explaining the steps of the ESU circuit to a student. The ST should explain that the electric current is channeled back to the generator through the
dispersive (inactive) electrode
What pathology is a serious obstetrical emergency that is a type of coagulopathy resulting from overstimulation of the clotting and anticlotting processes
disseminated intravascular coagulation
A Meckel's diverticulum occurs on the
distal ileum
Surgery to repair a colles' fracture is performed on which type of bone
distal radial head (long bone)
How should an esmarch bandage be applied to an extremity
distal to proximal
Drugs that draw fluid from the tissues are classified as
diuretics
The patient has withdrawn the general consent prior to surgery what action should be taken
do not transport patient and inform the surgeon
If a discrepancy occurs in the identification of a patient on the hospital ward, what action should be taken
do not transport to OR and inform OR personnel
When performing the skin prep for a skin grafting procedure, which area is prepped first
donor site
During surgery for de quervain's disease, the tendons are released by cutting the
dorsal carpal liqament
Choledochotomy is performed to
drain the common bile duct
Malecot, mushroom, and sump are all types of surgical
drains
gtt
drop
Levarterenol (Levophed)
drug used to reverse hypotension
stones are sent to the pathology department in
dry container
How are frozen section tissue biopsies sent to the pathology department
dry on telfa pad
The pathology characterized by contraction of the palmar fascia is
duputrens disease
fluorescein
dye used to evaluate the corneal epithelium
What advantage do handheld retractors have over self retaining retractors
dynamic adjustability
The medical term for painful menstruation is
dysmenorrhea
A pregnancy that dos not occur in the normal location is called
ectopic
Which plate used in the open reduction internal fixation of fractures is slotted
eggers
Intertrochanteric fractures most often occur in which age population
elderly
assesses the electrical activity of the nervous system
electroencephalogram
What instrument is used by the surgeon to intermittently remove prostatic tissue fragments during a TURP
ellik evacuator
Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal)
emergency drug useful in stabilizing ventricular fibrillation
The doctrine of respondeat superior refers to
employer responsible for employee's actions
subcategory of drug preparation that is a combination of two liquids that cannot mix
emulsion
A disease that is commonly found in a community is considered
endemic
During a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, the instrument used to grasp the upper portion of the fundus of the stomach is
endo babcock
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart caused by bacteria is known as
endocarditis
The abnormal growth of endometrium on the outside of the uterus is termed
endometriosis
The abnormal implantation of uterine tissue is referred to as
endometriosis
During a laparoscopic appendectomy, what instrument is commonly used to dissect free the appendix from its attachment to the mesoappendix
endoscopic linear stapler
Vasodilation and hypotension associated with septic shock are caused by ______ released by the bacteria
endotoxins
hepatomegaly
enlarged liver
when transporting a patient to the OR in a gurney, how should the patient be transported when using an elevator
enter head first, exit feet first
A herniation of the Douglas cul-de-sac containing a loop of bowel is called a
enterocele
An excisional biopsy is removal of
entire lesion
Removal of an entire eyeball is called
enucleation
hyaluronidase (wydase)
enzyme that is mixed with ophthalmic anesthetic solutions for infiltration anesthesia
The layers of skin included in a full thickness skin graft is
epidermis and dermis
The anesthesia of choice for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is
epidural
During surgery, a patient becomes hypotensive. What medication should be given
epinephrine (adrenalin)
A surgical procedure performed to correct the abnormality in which the urethral meatus is situated on the upper side of the penis is called
epispadias repair
The medical term for a nosebleed is
epistaxis
A hemolytic disease of a newborn is known as
erythroblastosis fetalis
The medical term for charred and pearly white appearance of tissue damaged by a third degree burn is
eschar
A bacillus found in the intestine is
escherichia coli
What is the name of the latex rolled bandage used to exsanguinate an extremity before a tourniquet cuff is inflated
esmarch
The heller procedure is performed to correct
esophageal obstruction
A Sengstaken Blakemore tube is used when treating
esophageal varices
What suture is a polyester fiber suture
ethibond
Which method of hospital sterilization does not corrode metal and passes through woven materials like steam
ethylene oxide
If two chest tubes are placed, what is the purpose of the second chest tube inserted in the lower portion of the thoracic cavity
evacuate fluids
What term refers to how a sterile item is handled and does not use an expiration date
event related sterility
How often should a tourniquet applied to an adult leg be periodically deflated
every 1-1/2 hours
The rupture of a wound with spilling of contents is known as
evisceration
ectomy
excision
Mastectomy
excision of a breast
What part of the laser system provides the energy for the laser head to produce light
excitation source
Toxins (poisons) that are soluble and diffuse out of intact bacterial cells into the surrounding tissue are
exotoxins
dextran is used parenterally to
expand blood plasma volume
A chemical indicator on a package confirms
exposure to sterilizing conditions
A surgeon will be performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and prefers access ports located in the patient's midline. How should the leg be positioned on the side where the robotic arm is positioned?
extended laterally with leg supported
Glisson's capsule is the
external covering of the liver
blephar/o
eyelid
The medical term rhytidectomy refers to a
facelift
When performing a parotidectomy, which nerve is identified and preserved with the use of a nerve stimulator
facial nerve
What would be the result if VII cranial nerve is severed
facial paralysis
Following an abdominal surgery, the surgeon has just closed the peritoneum. Which of the following layers will be sutured next
fascia
tachycardia
fast heart rate
A patient is undergoing a femoropopliteal bypass. The proximal portion of the saphenous vein has been dissected free and cut free from the saphenofemoral junction. The surgeon is now ready to anastomose the proximal end of the saphenous vein to the femoral artery. What is the first step involving the femoral artery
femoral artery is isolated with vessel loops
During a total hip arthroplasty what anatomical structure is removed
femoral head
The longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body is the
femur
drape with an opening that allows exposure of the operative site
fenestrated drape
The power source for all fiberoptic instruments and equipment is
fibertoptic light source
The substance that weakly holds wound edges together during the first five days of first intention healing is
fibroblasts
another name for leiomyomas
fibroids
The healing stage of first intention healing occurs from the
fifth to fourteenth day
What degree of burn is the common sunburn
first
Fine, thread like appendages that provide bacteria with motion are
flagella
Tubes that can be used during laser surgery
flexible metallic tube, insulated silicone, and red rubber tube wrapped with reflective tape
A surgical technologist is transporting several sterile instrument sets to the sterile storage area in the surgery department. She notices that some of the sets have expiration dates and removes the labels with the date, some sets are not used very often, and drops a package on the floor wrapped in an impervious wrapper. What should be done with the dropped package
floor is dry, use immediately
What is used to remove stones from the CBD
fogarty balloon tipped catheter
An embolus would most likely be removed by a
fogarty catheter
Inanimate particles that can be vectors for infection are called
fomites
A reverse trendelenburg position requires the added table attachment of a
footboard
Opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes
foramen magnum
What is a commonly used preservative solution for tissue specimens
formalin
How many sponge, sharp, and instrument counts does a cesarean section require
four
The position most commonly used for tonsillectomy performed under local anesthesia is
fowler's
What position is commonly used for neurosurgical and some otorhinologic procedures
fowler's
What is a common complication as a result of chest compressions during CPR
fractured ribs
The procedure performed to correct pyloric stenosis in the newborn is
fredet ramstedt
The instrument commonly used to remove plaque from the carotid during an endarterectomy is a
freer elevator
When draping a prep table, the first scrub surgical technologist should drape from
front to back
The portion of the stomach above the level of the lower esophageal sphincter is the
fundus
Name the parts of the stomach
fundus, antrum and the body
What determines if a laser is solid state, gas, liquid, or semiconductor
gain medium
A cholelithrotripsy is performed to fragment
gallstones
An Allen clamp is used for
gastrointestinal surgery
A hemostatic agent that is made from a purified gelatin solution is
gelfoam
A nonproprietary name for a drug, usually selected by the original developer of the drug is
generic
aden/o
gland
Blockage of the canal of schlemm will cause
glaucoma
Goniotomy, Iridectomy, and Cyclodialysis are all treatments for what type of condition
glaucoma
A tumor composed of neuroglial cells is known as a
glioma
Chemical solution that kills spores and is used to terminally sterilize endoscopes
glutaraldehyde
non electrolytic and isomotic solution that is used during a TURP
glyceine
A valuable laboratory test for determining bacterial identification is a/an
gram stain
Which retractor is also called a loop retractor and is used to retract the sternocleidomastoid muscle during a thyroidectomy and other neck procedures
green retractor
In the OR what should never be removed from a 3 prong plug in order to make it fit a 2 prong plug in
ground prong
What is another name for the electrosurgical unit's inactive electrode
grounding pad
The medical term that refers to the abnormal enlargement of the male breast is
gynecomastia
The medical term for a bunion is
hallux valgus
Which type of fire extinguisher should be available when using a laser
halon
At the conclusion of a surgical case, how would the surgical technologist in the scrub role aid in reducing bioburden on instruments as the first step in the sterilization cycle
hand cleaning
A towel clip is used on the sterile field to keep a drape in place but is removed by the surgeon. How should the surgical technologist handle the towel clip
handed off the field to the circulator
Instrument that uses ultrasonic energy to cut and coagulate tissue
harmonic
Which retractor is distinguished by the end, which accounts for its alternative name, heart retractor. It is large, atraumatic retractor ideal for retracting the liver, stomach, intestines, spleen, etc
harrington
Cephalgia
headache
What instrument is used to clamp across the pelvic ligaments during a hysterectomy
heaney
What is the last sense to leave a patient receiving general anesthetic
hearing
The combination of what two factors kills microbes during steam sterilization
heat and moisture
What microorganism is responsible for causing gastric ulcer disease
helicobacter pylori
The test that determines the ratio of red blood cells to whole blood is the
hematocrit
The rupturing of erythrocytes is called
hemolysis
What is a major side effect of thrombolytics
hemorrhage
Complications of suprabubic prostatectomy
hemorrhage, embolism, and acute epididymitis
Thrombosed veins within the rectum and anus are referred to as
hemorrhoids
Gelfoam oxidized cellulose (surgicel), and microfibrillar collagen hemostat (avitene) are examples of
hemostatic agents
What type of scalpel cuts and coagulates tissue with the use of heat
hemostatic scalpel
What drainage system is preferred for a radical neck dissection
hemovac
The agent used to flush an artery to prevent clotting is
heparin
During a herniorrhaphy, the abdominal area that is bound by the rectus abdominis muscle, the inguinal ligament, and the inferior epigastric vessels is the
hesselback triangle
skin cleansing agent that has an effective comulative bacterial suppressive action
hexachlorophene
Hypertension means
high blood pressure
What filter is preferred for use in the OR for air exchanges
high efficiency particulate air filters
Which level of disinfection kills all microorganisms, including spores, if the contact time with the item is sufficient
high level
retractor inserted through the anus for use during rectal procedures. Due to the groove in the retractor the surgeon can view the rectal canal and insert instruments
hill ferguson
What type of cast would a fracture of the femoral shaft require
hip spica cast
What documentation must be included in the patient's chart prior to surgery
history and physical
nosocomial refers to
hospital acquired infection
viruses reproduce by
host cell metabolism
A Neer prosthesis is used for repair of comminuted fractures of the
humeral head
What is necessary for ethylene oxide sterilization to occur
humidity
Excision of the tunica vaginalis of the testis is called
hydrocelectomy
The abnormal accumulation of the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain of children is known as
hydrocephalus
Which substance is used to create gas plasma for sterilization purposes
hydrogen peroxide
which agent is a radiopaque contrast medium used during operative cholangiograms
hypaque
An abnormal increase in the number of cells is called
hyperplasia
graves disease is characterized by
hyperthyroidism
The abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the underside of the penis is referred to as
hypospadias
The part of the brain that is responsible for controlling the body temperature by triggering heat and cold sensitive activities is the
hypotahlamus
When an anesthetized patient's position is changed from lithotomy to supine, the patient's legs should be lowered slowly to prevent
hypotension
a deliberate reduction of body temperature for therapeutic purposes is known as
hypothermia
Dark blood in the operative field is a sign of possible
hypoxia
The medical term for removal of the uterus is
hysterectomy
which procedure is best performed with the patient in the trendelenburg position
hysterectomy
The type of ostomy established when a total colectomy is performed is
ileostomy
What anatomical structure is the best site for the removal of cortical bone for grafting purposes
ilium
state
immediately
What type of consent is obtained for emergency situations when no other authorized person can be contacted and patient is unconscious
implied
When breaking down the setup, the scrub person should place the instruments
in basin with water for transport to decontamination
At the completion of the anastomosis of an intestine, the instruments used on the bowel are placed
in separate basin
When is the initial count of instruments performed
in sterile processing area
When passing a retractor to the surgeon, the surgical technologist must place the instrument
in the correct direction for immediate use.
The defect in an inguinal hernia occurs where
in the transversalis muscle
What part is responsible for conducting the electrical current back to the electrosurgical unit
inactive electrode
What report is completed when an adverse or unusual event takes pace in the OR that may have legal consequences for the staff or patient
incident report
tomy
incision
During a craniotomy, removal of the bone flap is followed by
incision of the dura mater
When performing the patient skin prep, the skin should be scrubbed and painted from the
incision site to periphery using circular motion
Lack of control over urination is called
incontinence
What phase of anesthesia is it most important to keep noise at an absolute minimum
induction
intubation occurs during which phase of anesthesia
induction
A patient with a white blood cell count of 13,000/mm3squared would indicate
infection
Bodies local tissue reaction to injury
inflammation
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix
A lower oblique incision is known as
inguinal
The purpose of administering atropine preoperatively is to
inhibit secretions
Is Fentanyl injected or inhaled
injected
Meniere's syndrome involves the
inner ear
Rickettsiae are transmitted by
insect bites
What action should be taken when the surgeon has repeatedly requested a higher current for the electrosurgical unit
inspect the dispersive electrode
What is the purpose of the third lumen in a three way foley catheter
instill irrigation fluids
The body's first line of defense against infection is
intact skin
Crossing the patient's arms across his/her chest in the supine position may cause
interference with respirations
Russell-Taylor
interlocking IM nail
grosse-kempf, brooker-willis and Russell-taylor are what kind of nails
interlocking used for a closed intramedullary nailing
What layer of the three layer dressing absorbs the secretions of the wound
intermediate
Which artery supplies the brain
internal carotid
If the saphenous vein will not be used during a CABG, the other vessel of choice is the
internal mammary artery
To revascularize the heart muscle of a patient with heart disease, a graft may be anastomosed between which two vessels
internal mammary artery to affected coronary artery
Interferons act by
interrupting replication of DNA in viruses
Allen forceps, best clamps, and doyen forceps are what type of instruments
intestinal
In what environment is Escherichia coli (E. coli) usually found
intestinal tract
Administering a drug within a joint is called
intra articular injection
A type of cataract extraction in which the lens and its capsule are removed is
intracapsular
Stapler used to anastomose tubular structures such as the distal colon
intraluminal
Thiopental sodium
intravenous barbiturate general anesthetic used for induction most frequently
A purse string suture is placed in the cecal serosa for an appendectomy to
invert the appendiceal stump
Muscular fasciculation refers to
involuntary muscle contractions
Fluid balance is a major consideration during surgery, which requires a team effort in volume maintenance. What part does the technologist play in fluid balance and blood loss?
irrigation volume
sphygmomanometer
is what obtains indirect arterial blood pressure
If tissue is approximated too tight it can cause
ischemia
Reduced blood flow to an area is known as
ischemia
a solution in which the concentration of water molecules is the same as in blood is said to be
isotonic
under normal circumstances 0.9% NaCl (normal saline solution) is
isotonic
Which surgical instrument would you need to remove the septal cartilage during a rhinoplasty
jansen middleton forceps
A cottingham punch is used for what type of procedure
keratoplasty
What type of surgery would you use a trephine for
keratoplasty
Once the spinous process is exposed during a laminectomy, the next instrument needed for the removal of the lamina is a
kerrison rongeur
what is the most popular elevator for elevating the periosteum from bone
key elevator
elevator used to elevate the periosteum from bone
key periosteal elevator
Ren/o
kidney
Satinsky, Herrick, and mayo clamps can be used on the
kidney pedicle
What type of wire would be used to stabilize a fractured finger
kirschner wires
What type of sponge is a tightly rolled cotton tape used by surgeons for blunt dissection
kittner
which forceps have sharp pointed tips that are ideal for grasping the thyroid to manipulate and retract the organ during a thyroidecotomy
lahey traction forceps
frequently used osteotome used for cutting bone, such as to obtain a bone graft
lambotte osteotome
A ventilation system that provides a rapid air exchange in a unidirectional flow is called
laminar air flow
In the operating room, what piece of equipment is necessary to obtain three dimensional coordinates in order to superimpose the scan-based images of the brain on the head of the patient
laser
In what postoperative position is a patient placed following a tonsillectomy
lateral
the surgical position frequently used for patients undergoing kidney surgery is
lateral
What position allows the best approach to the retroperitoneal area of the flank
lateral kidney
Which muscle is involved in resection for strabismus correction
lateral rectus
Where is the catheter placed when performing the procedure to treat hydrocephalus
lateral ventricle
transverse fracture of the maxilla
le fort I
What personal protective equipment should be worn underneath the sterile gown to provide radiation protection from x rays
lead gown
Retinal detachment is due to
leakage of liquid from vitreous cavity
Position for a right nephrectomy
left lateral kidney
A surgeon will be performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and prefers access ports located in the patient's midline. Where should the robotic arm be placed on the OR table
left or right side: lower abdominal region
A patient brought into surgery has previously undergone a right total hip arthroplasty. Where should the grounding pad be placed
left thigh
A type of uterine fibroid that can cause menorrhagia and increased fertility is
leiomyoma
A self retaining neurosurgical retractor is
leyla yasargil
A local anesthetic agent employed for infiltration anesthesia during ophthalmic surgery is
lidocaine
cardiac arrhythmias of ventricular origin can be treated with
lidocaine
The most widely used local anesthetic is
lidocaine (xylocaine)
What is an internal method of hemostasis
ligature
Memory impairments result from lesions in the
limbic system
Measures volume
liter
The pulse generator of a permanent pacemaker is powered by a
lithium source
The position used when performing an abdominal gynecologic laparoscopy is
lithotomy
A blunt needle does not puncture the tissue, and it is the least traumatic needle for organs such as the
liver
hepat
liver
What is a silverman biopsy needle used for
liver biopsy
A surgical technologist working in the Central Sterile Supply Department is recording the test results for a steam biologic indicator (BI). The BI that was exposed to the sterilization process indicates positive results, meaning the growth of microbes occurred. The entire load for that BI is considered unsterile. To facilitate retrieval of the unsterile items, what control measure is best used
load control number
The four agents mixed together for injecting during a tumescent liposuction are
local anesthetic, epinephrine, whdase, and saline
The surgeon is performing a suprapubic prostatectomy. control of bleeding is a major consideration. What type of clamp should the ST hand to the surgeon to aid in hemostasis
long right angle clamp
Hypovolemia
low blood volume
The initial incision for an abdominoplasty is a
low transverse
What could be a cause of wet packs after steam sterilization
low water content of steam
Where should the Foley indwelling catheter drainage bag be positioned after insertion of the catheter
lower then level of the bladder
what bone clamp also referred to as a turkey foot is used to hold a fractured bone in place while repair is taking place
lowman bone clamp
What type of solution is used to stain the cervix while performing a Schiller's test
lugol's
An example of autoimmune disease is
lupus
An organelle that contains an enzyme that destroys foreign substances within the cell is the
lysosome
A surgeon is using surface based registration in order to perform a difficult resection of a benign tumor of the brain. What is used to create the initial images of the brain?
magnetic resonance imaging
diagnostic imaging technique that provides the best imaging of soft tissue
magnetic resonance imaging
What is the primary function of the islets of langerhans
maintain blood sugar level
Surgical intervention occurs during which phase of anesthesia
maintenance
A cancerous growth is said to be
malignant
What is the diagnoses for rapid increase in body temperature, unstable blood pressure, muscle rigidity, tachycardia, tachypnea
malignant hypertermia
What is the technical term for robotic arms
manipulators
A drug used to reduce intracranial swelling is
mannitol
used to measure fluid pressure
manometer
procedure that may require a postauricular incision
mastoidectomy
Untreated acute otitis media may result in
mastoiditis
What instrument has two concave ends and can be inserted into the cystic duct to remove stones
mayo gall stone scoop
What piece of OR furniture is utilized for the placement of surgical instruments that will be used most often during a procedure
mayo stand
When opening sterile supplies and instruments, where should the gown and gloves for the scrub person be opened
mayo stand
The incision commonly used for an appendectomy is
mcburney
Some events that require an incident report are
medication errors, bullying, and cardiac or respiratory arrest
The division of a reproductive cell into two cells with 23 chromosomes each is called
meiosis
A tumor arising from the covering of the brain is a
meningioma
A bucket handle tear in the medial cartilage of the knee is repaired by performing what type of procedure
meniscectomy
A D & C may be performed for
menorrhagia
A mesh that is not preferred in the presence of infection is
mersilene
The device used to expand the size of a spilt thickness skin graft is
mesh graft
During an appendectomy, the structure that must be dissected free from its attachment to the cecum is called the
mesoappendix
The spread of cancerous cells to other parts of the body is referred to as
metastasis
What should the surgical technologist have available to instill into the bladder through the catheter in order for the surgeon to visualize the bladder or ureter if they are cut
methylene blue
Which type of microorganism requires an amount of oxygen that is less than the amount contained in the atmosphere
microaerophilic
What important component of the remote console sends messages to the computer, which in turn translates the surgeon's hand movement to the robotic arm
micromanipulators
In preparation for a cranial aneurysm, which piece of equipment would most likely be used
microscope
To perform chest compressions on an adult, one hand is placed on top of the other hand, with the heel of the lower hand pressing on the
middle of the sternum
A nasogastric tube used for insertion in the small intestine is
miller-abbott
The sterile liquid placed on the donor skin site as a lubricant when a split thickness skin graft is taken is
mineral oil
. What type of sponge is best used in small areas of the head and neck, pelvis, or spine that require maximum absorption to maintain a visual field
mini-laparotomy tapes
Pilocarpine is what type of drug
miotic
Which organelle of a cell is responsible for the production of energy as ATP
mitochondria
pilocarpine hydrochloride
mitrotic drug used to constrict the pupil to reduce intraocular pressure
A method of operative exposure of the abdominal cavity is
moistened lap sponges to wall of the viscera
what type of suture is prolene
monofilament
the part of the body that has the most abundant and various microbes is the
mouth and throat
The progressive destruction of the myelin sheaths of the neurons in the CNS accompanied by proliferation of astrocytes is a condition referred to as
multiple sclerosis
The tissue that covers bones and provides movement to the skeletal system is
muscle
A diagnostic study involving the injection of radiopaque dye into the spinal subarachnoid space is
myelogram
The medical term for the removal of a uterine fibroid is
myomectomy
A surgical procedure for the treatment of acute otitis media is
myringotomy
naloxone hydrochloride (narcan) is a/an
narcotic antagonist
Bayonet forceps, speculum, and rasp are used for what type of fracture
nasal
freer elevator, bayonet forceps, and cottle speculum would be found on what kind of setup
nasal
The scroll like ridges on the lateral walls of the nasal cavity are called
nasal conchae
Judy had a procedure performed in the minor procedures room in which she had fluid removed from her breast. What was the procedure performed?
needle aspiration
A diagnostic procedure performed for patients with possible prostatic cancer is known as a
needle biopsy
The control system in which feedback concerning changes in the body's internal environment causes a response that reverses these changes is called
negative feedback
A patient is transported into the preoperative patient care unit. After the IV has been placed in the arm, the patient is left alone with the side railing down and the patient falls out of the bed suffering a fracture to the clavicle. Which legal term applies to the individuals who were providing care to the patient
negligence
The lack of care or skill that anyone in the same situation would be expected to use is the legal definition of
negligence
Which tissue type would contradict the use of a cutting needle
nerve
To facilitate communication within a hospital, the computers are connected together to a single server to form a
network
Balanced anesthesia is sometimes referred to as
neuroleptanesthesia
The procedure that involves freeing up a nerve from adhesions for restoration of function is called
neurolysis
The relationship in which organisms occupy the same habitat but do not affect each other is known as
neutralism
An antagonist drug
neutralizes action of another drug
Under what circumstance can the patient's hospital identification bracelet be removed
never
Orthopedic power equipment is run by
nitrogen
Because _______ _______ is an anesthetic lacking potency, it must be used with other intravenous drugs
nitrous oxide
A tissue specimen indicated for frozen section is sent to the pathology department in a specimen container with
no preservative
enuresis
nocturnal bed wetting
An important concept related to surgical conscience is
nondiscriminatory care of all patients
A urinary tract infection following a cystoscopy is an example of a
nosocomial infection
For aseptic purposes covering a sterile table for later use is
not permissible in any circumstance
NPO
nothing by mouth
DNA is contained within the
nucleus
which structure is known as the control center of the cell
nucleus
a differential count is the calculation of the
number of each type of leukocyte
The most widely used nonabsorbable suture is
nylon
What type of suture is surgilon
nylon
large self retaining retractor that has various sizes of interchangeable blades and is used to retract the abdominal walls when a midline incision is utilized by the surgeon
o'sullivan o'connor
what type of incision is a kocher
oblique
Which layers are transected when a subcostal flank incision is used for a nephrectomy
oblique muscles
Ligatures are used to
occlude lumens of blood vessels
Cricoid pressure
occludes the esophagus
The study of tumors is called
oncology
What is the standard safety margin of a sterile package wrapper that has been opened
one inch
A thoracoabdominal incision is used when performing an
open hiatal hernia repair
how should ratcheted instruments be sent to decontam
opened so all of the debris can be washed away
Os means
opening
The surgical placement and fixation of a testicle in the scrotum is a
orchiopexy
What term is used to describe the side to side action of a power saw
oscillating
What instrument would be used during a dacryocystorhinostomy
oscillating saw
A degenerative joint disease is
osteoarthritis
what is an indication of total hip arthroplasty
osteoarthritis
A postoperative total arthroplasty patient presents to the emergency department with severe throbbing pain, fever, and malaise. What is the most likely diagnosis
osteomyelitis
Betty is a four year old with recurrent ear infections. She is scheduled to undergo bilateral myringotomy. The pathology that is the cause of chronic ear infections is
otitis media
A plastic procedure performed to correct protruding ears is
otoplasty
oophor
ovary
The table attachment of the Bookwalter is secured
over the sterile drapes by the surgeon or assistant.
When transporting a patient to the OR in a gurney, where should the safety strap be placed
over the thighs
Which chemical method of hemostasis in contraindicated for use on bone
oxidized cellulose
aerobic organisms are best characterized as
oxygen requiring
A patient with multiple trauma injuries requires surgical intervention. The patient has a history of DVT and is currently taking anticoagulants. What should be done to ensure a clot does not develop
pace a sequential compression device (SCD) on lower extremities
To avoid foot drop
pad heels to prevent pressure from the OR table
cell eating is called
pahgocytosis
Morphine is used for
pain
The roof of the mouth is called the
palate
The surgical procedure performed to correct the congenital absence of the roof of the mouth is a
palatoplasty
When performing closed gloving technique, how is the first glove positioned in order to don it without contamination
palm of glove to palm, thumb to thumb
What organ detects changes in the level of insulin and releases chemicals to regulate the level of blood glucose
pancreas
Pancreaticojejunostomy is performed for
pancreatic pseudocysts
Another name for Whipple's procedure is
pancreaticoduodenectomy
AIDS is considered
pandemic
What type of hernia is a combination of direct and indirect inguinal hernia
pantaloon
The incision for a resection of the sigmoid colon is a
paramedian
A relationship that benefits one organism at the expense of the other is
parasitism
A Rubin's test is performed to confirm
patency of fallopian tubes
which term defines microorganisms that are capable of producing disease under favorable condition
pathogens
If an adult patient is illiterate, how is the consent form signed
patient marks an X
The instrument commonly used to provide traction on the gallbladder during an open cholecystectomy is
pean forceps
A radical procedure involving removal of the reproductive organs, bladder and rectum is called
pelvic exenteration
During a craniotomy, the instrument commonly used to separate the dura from the cranium is a
penfield dissector
what dissector is used on a variety of procedures to dissect delicate tissue, such as during a septorhinoplasty to dissect free the periosteum and perichondrium
penfield dissector
atraumatic clamp that is frequently used during urinary and rectal procedures
pennington tissue grasping focep
Name a type of passive drain
penrose
What is used to retract the spermatic cord during a herniorrhaphy
penrose drain
Endoscopes are damaged by the high temperature and moisture of the steam sterilization process. The preferred methods that do not damage the endoscopes are
peracetic acid, EtO, and glutaraldehyde
The pneumoperitoneum is established during a laparoscopic procedure to prevent
perforation of intestine
Before donning the sterile gown and gloves, the surgical technologist must
perform scrub to surgically clean hands and arms
what type of drape would be used for a vaginal or rectal procedure
perineal drape
Absorbable suture is generally preferred in suturing what type of tissue
periosteum
intestinal motilitiy
peristalsis
While answering the plaintiff's lawyers questions, the surgical technologist purposefully provides false information referred to as
perjury
stirrups that are not padded or improperly placed on the OR table can cause pressure on the
peroneal nerve
A catheter placed into the stomach during a gastrostomy procedure is
pezzer
A curved transverse incision across the lower abdomen used frequently in gynecological surgery is
pfannenstiel
What incision is most commonly used for a C-section
pfannenstiel
uses ultrasonic energy to fragment the lens
phacoemulsification
Which process is an active transport mechanism
phagocytosis
What condition affects the medulla of the adrenal gland and causes the overproduction of adrenaline
pheochromocytoma
The primary consideration in selecting an appropriate anesthetic agent is the
physiologic condition of the patient
Of the five levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which is most applicable to the surgical patient
physiological
innermost meningeal layer
pia mater
Cell drinking is called
pinocytosis
What term refers to the up and down movement of the robotic arm
pitch
During a laminectomy, disk material is removed with
pituitary rongeur
Instruments used during a laminectomy
pituitary rongeur, bone drill, nerve hook
Transsphenoidal hypophysectomy is performed for
pituitary tumor
A surgical technologist is transporting several sterile instrument sets to the sterile storage area in the surgery department. She notices that some of the sets have expiration dates and removes the labels with the date, some sets are not used very often, and drops a package on the floor wrapped in an impervious wrapper. What can be accomplished for those instrument sets that are not often used
place dust cover over set
If a culture cannot immediately be sent ot the laboratory, what action should be taken
place in saline
As part of the OR decontamination after a procedure, the suction canister containing blood and body fluids should be
placed in biohazard bag
Medical term for the abnormal implantation of the placenta in the uterus so that it covers the cervical internal os
placenta previa
Most effective mechanical method of controlling bleeding occurring from needle holes in vessel anastomoses
pledget
What lies between the lung and the chest wall
pleura
Which membrane lines the thoracic cavity
pleura membrane
Most absorbable sutures are packaged in an alcohol water solution to maintain their
pliability
Lasers, power drills, and electrosurgical units can produce a _____ of vaporized tissue
plume
Which procedure is removal of an entire lung
pneumonectomy
What test can the ST perform is check a fiberoptic cable for damage
point cable toward a light to confirm dark spots
A suture used in tendon repair is
polydioxanone
What suture is absorbable and offers extended wound support
polydioxanone
The least inert of all the synthetic meshes is
polyester fiber mesh
An excellent substitute that provides strength and nonreactivity in tissues where stainless steel cannot be used is
polypropylene
Which suture is the least reactive of all synthetic suture materials
polypropylene
What type of mesh should the ST have available if a patient has infected, necrosed tissue for a hernia repair
polypropylene mesh
The procedure to correct intrahepatic obstruction is
portacaval shunt
The air pressure in the OR should be
positive
A diagnostic test that examines blood flow and metabolic functions of the heart and brain is
positron emission tomography
Most anesthetic agents are
potentially lethal
The scissors commonly used to extend the arteriotomy during an endarterectomy is a
potts smith
When performing an abdominal prep the umbilicus is
prepped last or separately
What type of dressing may be used when applying a sterile dressing to a skin graft site
pressure dressing
Prior to the insertion of mandibular wires, what should be accomplished by the surgical technologist
prestretch the wires
In the lateral chest position, a sandbag or padding is placed under the chest at axillary level to
prevent pressure on the lower arm
bolsters are used with retention sutures to
prevent suture from cutting skin
An appendectomy incision closed using suture is considered to be which type of wound closure
primary intention
When should the first closing sponge, instrument, and sharp count be completed
prior to closure of the body cavity
What are some liver functions
produce bile, detoxification, metabolize fats and proteins
What statement best describes the correct technique for flipping a sterile item enclosed in a peel pack pouch onto the stile field
project item to avoid reaching over stile back table
A drug used to reverses the effect of muscle relaxants is
prostigmin
What is the role of the first scrub surgical technologist if a surgical patient experiences a cardiac arrest during a surgical procedure
protect sterile field from contamination
malaria and amoebic dysentery are caused by
protozoa
What is the first priority in an emergency situation when treating a patient
provide patient airway
A fleshy encroachment of conjunctiva onto the cornea is
pterygium
A procedure performed in patients with empyema is called
pulmonary decortication
To help prevent toxicity and vascular events in a patient where polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is used, which of the following devices should a surgical technologist have available
pulse lavage
What type of monitoring equipment is a noninvasive assessment of the oxygen saturation level of arterial blood
pulse oximetry
The electrical component of the heart that causes contraction of the ventricles is the
purkinje fibers
Which type of suture technique is used to invert the stump of the appendix during an appendectomy
purse string
What other procedure is performed with vagotomy
pyloroplasty
An ST has been asked to serve as a preceptor to a new employee in the OR. If the surgeon becomes irritated or anxious because of the new employee's lack of experience, what action should be taken
quietly coach the new employee in the background
In the prone position, which nerve could be compressed against the humuerus
radial
The procedure performed to improve the vision of patients with myopia
radial keratotomy
A form of contrast media used within the body that is visible when exposed to x-ray
radiopaque
A forceps commonly used to remove gallstones from the common bile duct during an open cholecystectomy is
randall
A type of scalp clip is
raney
A critical component of a disaster plan that impacts the operating room is the
receiving area and triage of patients
During a thyroidectomy, the nerve that must be preserved is the
recurrent laryngeal
A pneumatic tourniquet may be used for extremity surgery to
reduce blood loss
Ethylene oxide is mixed with carbon dioxide to
reduce flammability of EtO
mannitol is used in neurosurgery to
reduce swelling of the brain tissue
The purpose of the surgical hand scrub is to
reduce the number of microorganisms
The primary purpose of chest tubes is to
reestablish negative pressure
After gowning and gloving, a surgeon activates the DuraPrep applicator and proceeds to prep the patient for surgery. Which of the following is the best action to take at this time
regown and reglove the surgeon
pneumonectomy
removal of a lung
Total abdominal hysterectomy refers to
removal of the uterus and cervix
What is the proper action to be taken when a sponge package contains the incorrect number of sponges
remove package from OR
Which of the following types of specimens would not be placed in a preservative solution A. Uterus B. Renal calculi C. Tonsils D. Colon
renal calculi
A radiopaque contrast medium used in surgery is
renografin
What legal concept would apply if an instrument is left in a patient
res ipsa loquitur
A patient is scheduled to undergo corrective surgery for strabismus. The surgeon determines that she will perform a recession. What is the name of the other corrective procedure that can be performed
resection
What surgical instrument is used to visualize the prostate and remove prostate tissue during a TURP
resectoscope
Staphylococcus normally found on the skin is an example of
resident flora
Microorganisms that habitually live in the epidermis deep in the crevices and folds of the skin are
resident microorganisms
How should instruments with lumens be prepared for steam sterilization
residual amount of distilled water left in lumen
What term refers to the robot's ability to differentiate between two objects
resolution
A condition that causes the sudden onset of the appearance of floating spots before the eye is
retinal detachment
An abnormal bending backward of the uterus is called
retroflexion
Denis Browne ring retractors may be used for
retropubic prostatectomy
A surgeon will be performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and prefers access ports located in the patient's midline. Once the trocars and manipulator have been placed, in what position is the OR table placed?
reverse trendelenburg
The surgical position commonly used for thyroid and gallbladder surgery is
reverse trendelenburg
The surgical resection of the dorsal root of a spinal nerve to relieve pain is called
rhizotomy
The endocardial lead of a permanent pacemaker is placed in the
right atrium
A surgeon asks a surgical technologist to place a drop of mydriatic solution in OD. As a result of this medication the pupil of the
right eye will dilate
What term is used to refer to the rotating movement of the robotic arm
roll
What can be accomplished when positioning the patient for a thyroidectomy to facilitate exposure of the surgical site
rolled sheet placed under shoulders
During a repair of cheiloschisis, the procedure in which tissue from the cheek is used to cover the defect is
rotational advancement cheiloplasty
Why is it important for a patient who will be undergoing a cystoscopy to void prior to the beginning of the procedure
rule out residual urine in the bladder
implant that can be used to treat a lateral malleolar fracture
rusch rod
The joint between the trapezium of the carpus and metacarpal of the thumb is an example of what kind of joint
saddle joint
When using the automated cellsaver, what solution is mixed with the red blood cells when pumped into the reinfusion bag
saline
When handing drapes to the surgeon, where should the first scrub surgical technologist stand in relation to the surgeon
same side of the OR table
The instrument commonly used to clamp the aorta during an abdominal aneurysmectomy is a
satinsky
the angled curvatures of what clamp make it ideal for clamping the vena cava during cardiovascular procedures
satinsky clamp
Hair removed during preparation for cranial surgery should be
saved because it is personal property
Which node is an important site for metastasis from the lungs and is a frequent site for biopsy
scalene
The raney clip is a type of
scalp clip
instrument used to grasp the cervix during a D & C
schroeder
what nerve could be damaged when the patient is placed in fowler's position
sciatic
The procedure of choice for a detached retina is
scleral buckling
phagocytosis by the white blood cells is an example of the body's
second line of defense
The healing process in which a wound is purposely left open and allowed to heal from the bottom up is called
secondary intention
Tissue granulation occurs during
secondary intention wound healing
What is the function of the adrenal cortex
secrete hormones
What is the function of the bartholin's glands
secrete lubrication
A drug used to soothe and relieve anxiety is a/an
sedative
What should the ST have available when mixing methyl methacrylate
self contained evacuation system
If the surgeon's preference card listed a bookwalter or omnitract, what type of instrument would be used
self retaining retractor
The nerves first affected when a local anesthetic drug is administered are
sensory
unexpected occurrence that involves physiologic or psychologic injury or death
sentinel event
A common fear of pediatric patients that the ST must address is
separation from parents
Surgical correction of a deviated septum is a
septoplasty
what is the correct order from the outermost to the innermost layer of the tissues that compose the wall of the stomach and small intestine
serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa
What is the name of the procedure in which a collar suture is placed at the level of the internal cervical os to prevent spontaneous abortion
shirodkar procedure or cerclage
Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol)
short acting narcotic opioid given intramuscularly for premedication
What type of cast would a fractured metacarpal require
short arm cast
A putti platt procedure is performed on the
shoulder
What device is used when placing a patient in the operative position for a thyroidectomy
shoulder roll
Correct skin preparation for a female patient undergoing a right mastectomy with possible axillary dissection
shoulder, upper arm and extending down to the elbow, axilla, chest to the table line, and to the left shoulder
The procedure to treat hydrocephalus is
shunt
What suture would not be used in the presence of infection
silk
Wrinkle free padding is applied to an extremity before application of a tourniquet to avoid
skin injuries
When entering the abdominal cavity what is the order of contact with the layers of tissue
skin, subcutaneous, fascia, muscle, peritoneum
Plaster rolls for casting should be submerged in
slightly warm water
What is the proper method of preparing a frazier suction tip of steam sterilization
small amount of distilled water left in lumen
Surgical trauma to the first and second cranial nerves would cause the loss of
smell and sight
Strike thorough is used aseptically to describe
soaking of moisture from unsterile to sterile layers
Which drug counteracts metabolic acidosis
sodium bicarbonate
malacia
softening
What type of laser has the most power output
solid state
Ultrasound is an example of the medical application of the physics principle of
sound waves
The incomplete closure of the vertebral arches in the newborn is
spina bifida
A method of anesthesia in which medication is injected into the subarachnoid space affecting a portion of the spinal cord is called
spinal block
Luque rods are used for
spinal deformities
Spiral-shaped bacteria are identified as
spirilla
A left subcostal incision indicates surgery of the
spleen
The organ that often sustains an incidental injury during a transverse colectomy is the
spleen
A skin graft that consists of the epidermis and half of the dermis is a
split thickness
A type of suture that has a high tensile strength and supports a wound indefinitely is
stainless steel
Most commonly used for wound closure in the presence of infection
stainless steel
What endoscopic procedure is performed on females with stress incontinence that results in suspending the fascia of the bladder to the rectus fascia with sutures
stamey
Endoscopic suspension of the vesical neck of the bladder for treatment of stress incontinence is known as a
stamey procedure
A description of conduct that is expected of every surgical technologist in a given circumstance is referred to as
standard of care
What guidelines were established by OSHA and the CDC to reduce the risk to health care providers of disease transmission from blood and body fluids
standard precautions
Fine hooks available in varying angles are essential dissecting tools to perform a
stapedectomy
What pathogen is most commonly associated with surgical wound infections
staphylococcus aureus
A concern of the OR that can be a source of ignition is
static electricity
Law that is due to the action of a legislature is called
statutory law
Which method of sterilization is the most inexpensive, economical, and safest
steam
Instruments should be placed in perforated trays for sterilization to allow
steam to penetrate
Which dressing is ideal for neck procedures
stent
Identify the most common practice related to the order of performing the sponge, instrument, and sharp counts
sterile field, mayo stand, off the sterile field
During a bronchoscopy, which solution is preferred for bronchial washing specimens
sterile saline
. Which of the following 3-L irrigating solution bags will the technologist monitor for continuous flow in the cystoscopic biopsy of a bladder tumor
sterile water
During a mastectomy, which irrigating solution is used on the muscle layer due to its hypotonic properties
sterile water
A surgical technologist is transporting several sterile instrument sets to the sterile storage area in the surgery department. She notices that some of the sets have expiration dates and removes the labels with the date, some sets are not used very often, and drops a package on the floor wrapped in an impervious wrapper. What is the reason for the removal of the expiration dates
sterility is event related
The complete destruction of all living organisms is known as
sterilization
which scissors are easily recognized by the tips with the slight indentation and are used to dissect delicate tissue
stevens tenotomy scissors
An unopened sterile pack of lap sponges is left in the OR at the end of a procedure. What action should be taken
store in sterile storage room
The inability to direct both eyes at the same object is called
strabismus
How is the tunnel under the ocular muscle created
strabismus hook placed under muscle and lifted up
An irreducible hernia in which the abdominal contents have become necrotic is called
strangulated
A small pad placed under a patient's head in the supine position allows which muscles to relax?
strap
Spherically shaped bacteria that occur in chains are referred to as
streptococci
A bacteria that is gram positive
streptococcus
Which bacteria causes rheumatic fever
streptococcus
To prevent cross contamination, masks should be handled by the
strings only
The incision used for splenectomy is
subcostal
What type of incision is typically used for an open cholecystectomy
subcostal
Which incision would be used to gain access to the spleen
subcostal
Suture technique that features short lateral stitches that are taken beneath the epithelial layer of the skin
subcuticular
An encapsulated collection of blood over a cerebral hemisphere producing intracranial pressure, is call a
subdural hematoma
Posterior fossa exploration is facilitated through what approach
suboccipital
What agent may trigger hyperthermia
succinylcholine
What would need to be included in the set up for an incomplete abortion
suction curettage
What type of tube can be inserted and left in place for continual gastric aspiration
sump tube
The position most commonly used for mitral valve replacement is
supine
What position is used for a cesarean section
supine with bolster under right side
How is the patient positioned for a knee arthroscopy
supine, knee at lower break of OR table
The neuroglia are cells that
support and protect
what type of procedure would require a masson judd retractor
suprapubic prostatectomy
A mediastinoscopy would require an incision in the
suprasternal notch
In the operating room what should be used to protect the computer from high electric voltages
surge protector
The ultimate responsibility of obtaining the general consent belongs to the
surgeon
Who is ultimately responsible for the surgical patient
surgeon
when moving a patient with an unsplinted fracture, protecting the fracture is the responsibility of the
surgeon
The term that describes the concept that each surgical team member is accountable for his/her actions and does not hesitate in admitting a break in aseptic technique is/are
surgical conscience
Which term refers to the level of honesty and integrity that every surgical technologist must uphold in the delivery of quality patient care
surgical conscience
A mutagenic and carcinogenic hazard of laser use is
surgical plume
centesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid
Items that are mechanically cleaned and chemically disinfected, but not sterile are said to be
surgically clean
A specialty treated form of surgical gauze that is a hemostatic agent is
surgicel
rrphaphy
suturing
A stick tie is a
swaged needle
Tissue trauma is best minimized using a
swaged on suture
What type of catheter is used to monitor the central venous pressure
swan ganz
The division of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for the fight or flight response is the
sympathetic nervous system
What type of catheter should the surgical technologist have available for placement in the CBD
t-tube
What type of drain is best used for the biliary system
t-tube
symptoms of shock
tachycardia, cold clammy skin, and increased respirations
What surgical instrument is used to prepare the drilled hole for the screw during and ORIF
tap
The type of needle point used on peritoneum and intestine is
taper
What type of needle is used on tissue of the gastrointestinal tract
taper
An inherited CNS disease that involves degeneration of the CNS is
tay-sachs
What term is used to refer to remotely controlled robots
telechir
What term is used to refer to performing surgery at a distance with robotic arms
telesurgery
best choice of graft material for a tympanoplasty
temporalis fascia
What type of catheter is used for the infusion of chemotherapeutic agents in the abdomen
tenckhoff
What type of catheter is used for the infusion of dialysis fluid into the peritoneal cavity
tenckhoff
connective tissue that fastens muscle to bone
tendon
The measure of weight required to break a suture is its
tensile strength
What can happen if retractors are improperly placed during pelvic surgery
the femoral nerve can be damaged
What dilator is used to dilate the external os of the cervix prior to performing a D and C or suction curettage
the hank uterine dilator
When the current passes through the active electrode, the energy is converted from electrical to
thermal
The laser is a
thermal method of hemostasis
If an item wrapped in an impervious wrapper drops to the floor, what action should be taken
they can be used immediately if not wet but should not be placed back on the shelf
The degree of burn that destroys all layers of the skin and includes subcutaneous tissue is
third
the operative stage of anesthetia is the
third stage
removal of air and or blood from the pleural cavity by means of an aspiration needle is called
thoracentesis
Scoliosis is most commonly found in which curve of the vertebral column
thoracic
The pathology in which the subclavian artery is compressed resulting in severe ischemia of the arm is a type of
thoracic outlet syndrome
A postoperative complication in gynecologic surgery resulting from the patient being placed in the lithotomy position is
thrombosis
Arteriovenous (AV)fistula is preferred over an external shunt for long term dialysis because of a decreased chance of
thrombosis
Tetany is a possible postoperative complication following a
thyroidectomy
When performing a laparascopic cholecystectomy on an obese patient what can be done to create additional space between the elbow of the robotic arm and the patient
tilt mechanism
steroids are used for reduction of
tissue inflammation and swelling
What system automatically adjusts the current of the electrosurgical unit and reduces the need to adjust the power settings for different types of tissue
tissue response monitoring system
. During a lumbar laminectomy, the surgeon will deepen the wound along the each side of the vertebral column by packing a large number of unfolded Ray-Tec® sponges with a Cobb periosteal elevator. What is the main purpose of this procedural step?
to aid in hemostasis and exposure of the vertebrae by retracting the larger muscles of the back
Glossectomy is removal of
tongue
Intraocular pressue is measured with the use of a
tonometer
A #12 knife blade on a #7 handle is most commonly used for what type of surgery
tonsillectomy
Yankauer suction tip, hurd dissector and pillar retractor, and schnidt forceps are used during what procedure
tonsillectomy
In a gravity displacement sterilizer, steam enters the chamber through the
top back
Tetracaine (pontocaine) is an example of what kind of anesthetic
topical
What procedure would require the postoperative use on an abduction splint
total hip arthroplasty
Methyl methacrylate would most likely be used on
total knee arthroplasty
When placing a sterile drape on a small table, the surgical technologist should first drape by unfolding
towards self
After fixing a mandibular fracture what should the surgical team be ready to perform in the immediate postoperative period
tracheostomy if the patient experiences respiratory difficulties due to obstruction by swelling
What type of surgical procedure is performed to treat tumors of the pituitary gland
transphenoidal hypophysectomy
The procedure in which the ulnar nerve is moved from the ulnar groove position on the posterior of the humerus to the anterior of the humeral condyle is called a
transposition
Which structure is separated first when a paramedian incision is performed
transverse abdominis
What type of drape would be used for a kidney procedure
transverse drape
During a pedicle flap mammoplasty reconstruction , a commonly used muscle is the
transverse rectus abdominis
The most common cause of retinal detachment is
trauma
in a cardiac arrest, atropine might be administered to
treat severe bradycardia
Lidocaine is used intravenously for
treatment of cardiac arrhythmias
Syphilis is caused by
treponema pallidum
Which organism is not associated with wound infection
treponema pallidum
What agent is commonly used when performing a patient skin prep of the eye
triclosan
What procedure is performed to correct talipes valgus or talipes varus
triple arthrodesis
An acid fast test is used to identify
tuberculosis
What would a HUMI cannula be used for
tuboplasty
When wrapping an item with either woven or nonwoven wrap, how many wrappers should be used
two
A minor requires emergency surgery, but the parents or closest living relatives cannot be contacted. What procedure should be followed for securing a consent for surgery
two consulting physicians agree and neither can be the operating surgeon
Method that is utilized to remove small organic particles and solids from the box locks, serrations, and ratchets of instruments
ultrasonic washer
The laparoscope with attached video camera is inserted through which port during a laparoscopic choleycystectomy
umbilical
When performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a robotic arm, what anatomical landmark is used to line up the endoscope
umbilicus
During general anesthesia, the patient is
unconscious
Cryptorchidism is
undecscended testes
A surgeon is performing a procedure to repair damage from a gunshot wound to the chest. What type of drain should the ST have available at the end of the procedure
underwater
Which technique is not acceptable when draping
unfold drape before bringing up to the OR table
Which area on the surgical gown is not considered sterile?
upper arms and shoulders
An approach to the sella turcica for a transsphenoidal hypophsectomy
upper gum margin
Whistle, braasch, and blasucci are all types of
ureteral catheter tips
The most common nosocomial infections are
urinary infections with catheter use
After inserting the foley catheter and prior to inflating the balloon, what should be confirmed
urine flow into drainage bag
An important psychological factor as related to pediatric patients is
use of language
Ulnar nerve damage could result from
use of unpadded armboard
Oxytocic drugs cause
uterine contractions
What instrument is used during a femoropopliteall bypass that removes valves from the saphenous vein
valvulotome
Instrument used to dilate the urethra
van buren
The high ligation of the gonadal veins of the testes done to reduce venous plexus congestion is a
varicocelectomy
The surgical reanastomosis of the vas deferens is called a
vasovasostomy
What is commonly inserted into the tympanic incision to maintain proper pressure between the outside of the ear and inner ear
ventilation tubes
Where are Papillary muscles found
ventricles of the heart
lidocaine 1% is used to treat
ventricular dysrhythmia
A pneumoperitoneum is established during a laparoscopy through the use of the
verres needle
During an anterior cervical fusion, a bone graft is taken in order to fuse the
vertebral body
Which incision is generally preferred for abdominal surgery because it offers excellent exposure
vertical midline
Name a biological monitor
vial with B stearothermophilus
Another name for polyglaction 910 is
vicryl
scopy
viewing
The smallest microorganisms is
virus
the smallest living microorganism that must live within another cell is a
virus
layers of the uterine wall
visceral peritoneum, myometrium, endometrium
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is performed to
visualize biliary and pancreatic tracts
what vitamin is essential to the synthesis of prothrombin by the liver and is a valuable hemostatic agent
vitamin k
Fragmatome, octutome, and membrane peeler/cutter are instruments used for
vitrectomy
Removal of portion or all of the vitreous gel
vitrectomy
An environmental hazard of the operating room that has been associated with the risk of spontaneous abortion is
waste anesthetic gases
Some substances that are absorbed in the stomach are:
water, electrolytes, certain drugs, and alcohol
Syndactly refers to
webbed digits
An item used to wrap an extremity prior to casting and clings to itself is
webril
The procedure most commonly performed for the excision of small peripherally located lesions of the lung is
wedge resection
The self retaining retractor used during femoral popliteal bypass is
weitlaner
What supplies must be available during a laser laryngoscopy
wet sponges, towels, and sterile water
What surgical instrument should accompany the patient with a wired jaw to the PACU
wire cutter
endo
within
anaerobic means
without oxygen
Aseptic
without sepsis
Second intention healing involves
wound granulation
A right and left movement of the robotic arm is called
yaw
The result of fertilization of gametes is a
zygote