CST Exam hayes

What two instruments should the surgical technologist have available for the femoral arteriotomy

#11 knife blade and potts smith scissors

If stones are present in the CBD, what two surgical instruments should the surgical technologist have available for the surgeon to make an incision in the CBD

#11 knife blade; 45 degree Potts-Smith scissors

What is the suture of choice to repair the rotator cuff of the shoulder

#2 nonabsorabable

A nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate is called

(BPH) benign prostatic hyperplasia

Which cranial nerve carries impulses for sense of smell

(I) Olfactory

Which cranial nerve can be tested for sensations of pain, touch, and temperature with the use of a safety pin and hot and cold objects?

(V) trigeminal

The cranial nerve that contains special fibers for hearing as well as for balance is:

(VIII) vestibulocochlear

Which cranial nerve emerges from the medulla, passes through the skull and descends through the neck region into the thorax and abdominal region?

(X) Vegus

The secretion of gastric juice is regulated by the impulses of the

(X) Vegus nerve

When a circulating surgical technologist has several hospital documents open, what button can he/she click to minimize a document

-

At th

...

A physician prescribed 50 milligrams of Demerol. The Demerol is supplied in 100 mg/mL. How many mL of Demerol should be given

0.5 mL

one ml is equal to

1 cc

When setting the lower limit of the robotic arm, what is the rule of thumb for distance from the patient's skin surface

1 centimeter or less

What amount is approximately equal to 500 ml

1 pint

what is a kilogram equal to

1,000 grams

When performing external chest compressions on an adult during CPR, the sternum should be depressed

1-1/2 to 2 inches

How much water is necessary to inflate a 5-cc balloon on the foley indwelling catheter

10 cc

What is the length of time an item must be completely submersed in glutaraldehyde to consider it sterile

10 hours

What size of trocar is commonly used during a thoracoscopy

10mm

What size trocar is placed in the umbilical incision for a laparaoscopic choleycystectomy

10mm

The thoracic spine contains how many vertebrae?

12

What is the proper range of intraoperative pressure when using an insufflator during a laparoscopic procedure

12-15 mm Hg

One gram equals

15 grains

The ratio of compressions to ventilations for infants and children during two rescuer CPR is

15 to 2

What size of Foley catheter is commonly used for adults

16 Fr

What is the recommended maximum weight of an instrument tray

16lbs

According to the rule of nines, what percentage is assigned to the front and back of the trunk of the body

18%

The health care providers in two person CPR rotate the compressor role every _______ minutes

2

When performing the surgical scrub, the arms should be scrubbed

2" above the elbow

What is the correct placement of the OR table safety strap for the patient in the supine position

2" above the knees

A patient placed in the reverse trendelenburg position has the safety strap positioned

2" below the knees

The recommended number of air exchanges per hour within an operating room is

20

Continuous irrigation and hemostais of the bladder following a TURP is accomplished using a

24 Fr. 30-cc Foley balloon catheter

How long should the steam biological indicator be incubated before the reading is recorded

24 hours

During the application of arch bars the surgeon will most likely use what between the teeth and around the bar

25- or 26- gauge stainless steel wire

The proper pressure setting for the pneumatic tourniquet for an adult arm is

250-300 mm Hg

The minimum temperature for sterilization to take place in a prevacuum steam sterilizer is

270 degrees F

The temperature in a prevacuum sterilizer must reach a minimum of ______ degrees F at a pressure of ______ psi

270/27

Thrombin loses potency after

3 hours

QID refers to

3 times a day

Which type of suture is used on the seromuscular layer when an end to end anastomosis of the small intestine is performed

3-0 silk

What is the universal compression rate, except for newborns, for one rescuer CPR

30

When performing the preoperative shave, nicks and cuts are considered a clean wound for up to _____ minutes, and the surgical procedure need not be cancelled

30

Wrapped instruments sets must be sterilized for

30 minutes at 250 degrees for steam sterilization

At what pressure should the tourniquet be set for an adult thigh

300-350

What is the required minimum number of individuals to transfer a patient from the OR table to the gurney for transport to PACU

4

The dura mater is closed with

4-0 silk

How much 0.25% Marcaine should be mixed with 1 ML of 1.0% lidocaine to make the solution equal strengths of medication

4.0 mL

How long should the EtO biological indicator be incubated before the reading is recorded

48 hours

How many times is the patient identification confirmed before transporting from the ward room to the surgery department

5

What is the standard number of sponges in a lap package

5

The commonly used size of suture for peripheral vascular anastomosis of the popliteal artery is

5-0

The relative humidity in an operating room should be maintained at

50% to 60%

The minimum temperature for a warm cycle when using the Et0 sterilizer is

55 degrees C

What is the incubator temperature the surgical technologist should confirm for steam biological indicators

55-60 degrees

What temperature is the steam biological indicator incubated

55-60 degrees C

During a laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, the size of the laterally placed trocars is

5mm

What type of suture is used to pass through the ocular muscle prior to incising it

6-0 polyglactin

What size and type of suture should the surgical technologist have available for the saphenous vein to femoral artery anastomosis

6-0 polypropylene (prolene)

Chest compressions are recommended if the infant or child's heart rate per minute is less than

60

A small power drill has 60 Hz. What is the interpretation of 60 Hz

60 AC cycles per second

A medicine cup holds 2 ounces. How many milliliters does it hold

60ml

The temperature in the OR is maintained between

65-75 degrees

A characteristic of plain gut is that it absorbs in _____ days.

70

For EtO sterilized items, how long must they remain in an aerator being operated at 140 degrees F

8 hours

The pulse oximetry reading should remain at or above

95%

When sending an email to the laboratory department requesting blood test results for a patient, what symbol must the circulating surgical technologist include in the email address

@

The Patients' Bill of Rights establishes the patient as

A primary decision maker in care provided

Which of the following suture sizes is the smallest in diameter A. 4-0 B. 2-0 C. 0 D. 2

A. 4-0

Splenectomy is indicated for all of the following except: A. Biliary obstruction B. Trauma C. Hemolytic jaundice D. Hodgkin's disease

A. Biliary obstruction

Which of the following instruments would be found in a gastrointestinal setup? A. Doyen forceps B Taylor retractor C Lowsley clamp D. Ellik evacuator

A. Doyen forceps

which of the following instruments is not a retractor used in a prostatectomy A. Harrington B. Denis browne C. Millin D. Masson judd

A. Harrington

Which of the following statements is correct A. Once sterile drapes have been positioned, they should not be moved B. An item that extends below the able edge is considered sterile C. Inside of sterile wrappers is considered sterile up to a 3-inch perimeter D. When opening a sterile package, top flap is opened toward the body

A. Once sterile drapes have been positioned, they should not be moved

Which of the following is not a requirement when a patient is placed in the prone position? A. Safety belt is placed below the knees B. Arms on armboards or raised above head C. Head turned to the side D. Bolsters placed under axillae

A. Safety belt is placed below the knees

When performing a preoperative, patient-shave prep, all of the following apply except: A. Shave against the direction of hair growth B. Shave hair as close to surgery time as possible C. Clippers are preferred over razors D. shave wet and soap lathered area

A. Shave against the direction of hair growth

When performing a patient skin prep of the vagina, which area is prepped last? A. Anus B. Vulva C. Vagina D. Perineum

A. anus

A tourniquet is used in which of the following procedures? A. patellectomy B. ORIF hip C. shoulder arthroscopy D. Bankart repair

A. patellectomy

Which action would not be taken following a needlestick? A. Prevent bleeding B. Cleanse area C. Remove glove immediately D. Report incident

A. prevent bleeding

On which of the following would an antiseptic be used? A. skin surface B. anesthesia masks C. intravenous tubing D. operating room table

A. skin surface

The universal recipient blood type is

AB

When body cells require energy, what molecule is broken down?

ATP molecule

The structure that serves as the socket for the head of the femur is the:

Acetabulum

A pH level refers to:

Acidity vs. alkalinity levels

Parenteral administration of a drug refers to

Administration with a needle

The prostate gland secretes:

Alkaline fluid

atraumatic retractor that gently retracts the delicate lung tissue

Allison lung retractor or spatula

Why should nail polish be removed

Allow use of pulse oximeter

The area in the duodenum, where the common bile duct, and the pancreatic duct empty, is called the:

Ampula of Vater

Alpha-chymotrypsin

An enzyme used before cataract surgery to soften the zonules of the lens

Who determines when the patient can be transported from the OR to the PACU

Anesthesia provider

Aqueous humor is found within the

Anterior cavity

The left coronary artery divides into the

Anterior descending and circumflex

Which artery arises from the left ventricle?

Aorta

Intraocular pressure is primarily dependent on:

Aqueous humor

The perineum is the

Area between the vagina and the anus

Gerota's fascia is located:

Around the kidney

Characteristics of a synovial joint:

Articular cartilage, joint capsule and cavity, freely movable joint

Vaccination is an example of

Artificial active immunity

Neuroglia that are star shaped and attach neurons to their blood vessels

Astrocytes

A general consent form:

Authorizes all routine treatments or procedures

Neurons that conduct impulses to the cardiac muscles are part of the

Autonomic nervous system

the contractions of involuntary muscles are controlled by the

Autonomic nervous system

Which draping technique is not correct A. Drape from sterile to nonsterile area B. Stand across from surgeon C. Drape incisional area first D. Circulating person removes contaminated drapes

B Stand across from the surgeon

Which of the following is an unsterile member of the surgical team A. Surgeon B. Circulator C. Surgical assistant D. First scrub surgical technologist

B. Circulator

in which of the following situations will the patient not be allowed to sign the consent for surgery? A. Patient is legal age B. Patient received preoperative medications C. Patient explained alternative treatments D. Patient is emancipated minor

B. Patient received preoperative medications

Which of the following may be needed during an emergency splenecomy that may not be required during a routine splenctomy? A. CUSA B. Sarot clamp C. vascular sets D. ligating clip appliers

B. sarot clamp

The instrument used to grasp the appendix during an open appendectomy is

Babcock forceps

Which of the following retractors would be used to expose the glenohumeral joint during a total shoulder arthroplasty

Bankart

What instrument would be used to retract the muscles during a hip pinning

Bennett retractor

The muscle that flexes and supinates the forearm and covers the anterior portion of the upper arm is the

Biceps brachii

Chole refers to

Bile

Another name for a partial gastrectomy is

Billroth I

The atrioventricular (AV) valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle is the:

Biscuspid

Suturing forcep commonly used during ophthalmic procedures

Bishop-harmon

What type of instrument is a lowman?

Bone-holding clamp

Used to grasp the cervix when performing a D & C

Bozeman

Name the ligaments that maintain the position of the uterus

Broad, round, cardinal, and urterosacral

The conducting fibers that run from the AV node down the interventricular septum are referred to as the

Bundle of His

Which of the following is not routinely required for all patients preoperatively? A. Medical history and physical B. Surgical consent C. Chest X-ray D. Preoperative hygiene

C. Chest X-ray

Which of the following occurrences would not decrease the healing capabilities of a patient A. Deficiency in vitamin K B. Radiation therapy C. Early ambulation D. Use of steroids

C. Early ambulation

Which of the following surgical instruments is a self-retaining retractor? A. Deaver B. Goelet C. Gelpi D. US Army

C. Gelpi

Which of the following procedures would be performed with the patient in the lateral position A. Suprapubic prostatectomy B. Vaginal hysterectomy C. Nephrectomy D. Tonsillecotmy

C. Nephrectomy

Which of the following retractors would not be found in a major orthopedic instrument set? A. Bennett B. Hohmann C. Ragnell D. Richardson

C. Ragnell

Which of the following is a correct statement? A. When closed gloving, glove is positioned palm up to facilitate pulling on B. When closed gloving, fingers of glove are pointed away from elbow to facilitate pulling on C. When closed gloving, hand must not extend beyond cuffs D. When closed gloving, circulator holds outside of glove package, while scrub person secures first glove

C. When closed gloving, hand must not extend beyond cuffs

The most abundant ion in the body is

Calcium

Which surgical procedure is the initial incision made under the upper lip in the gingiva above the canine tooth and second molar

Caldwell luc

The cup-like extensions of the kidney pelvis that collect urine from the pyramids are:

Calyces

At the junction of the sclera and cornea is a venous sinus known as the:

Canal of Schlemm

Another name for spongy bone is:

Cancellous

The body's preferred source of energy is:

Carbohydrates

The portion of the stomach surrounding the lower esophageal sphincter is called the:

Cardia

The function of hemoglobin is to

Carry oxygen

A chemical reaction that provides energy by the breakdown of food molecules is called:

Catabolism

The wisp-like roots of the nerves at the end of the spinal cord are called the:

Cauda equina

The appendix is attached to the:

Cecum

The basic living, structural, and functional unit of the body is known as the

Cell

Testosterone is secreted by the

Cells of Leydig

Muscle tone, coordination of voluntary muscles and balance are controlled in the

Cerebellum

Which area of the brain produces subconscious skeletal muscle movements required for coordination and balance

Cerebellum

All thought takes place in the

Cerebral cortex

The most common brain disorder is

Cerebrovascular accidents

The largest part of the brain is the

Cerebrum

A term referring to a waxy secretion in the external ear canal is:

Cerumen

Which solution is most often used for spot cleaning of blood and body fluid spills on the OR floor

Chlorine compounds

The layer of the eye that absorbs light rays and nourishes the retina through its numerous blood vessels is the

Choroid

Which muscle alters the shape of the lens of the eye to accommodate near or far vision?

Ciliary Muscle

The smooth intrinsic muscle that alters the shape of the eye lens is the

Ciliary body

wound created under ideal surgical conditions with no entry into the aerodigestive or gastrointestinal tracts

Class I

Wound with controlled entrance into the gastrointestinal tract.

Class II

Wound with gross spillage from the gastrointestinal tract that occurred during the procedure

Class III

wound that is clinically infected or an old traumatic wound with retained necrotic tissue

Class IV

The winding, cone-shaped tube of the inner ear is the

Cochlea

Which duct carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum

Common bile

To assist the surgeon in application of a plaster cast, how does the technologist prevent telescoping of the plaster roll during application?

Compress the ends of the cast roll after removal from the water basin

The function of the trachea is to:

Conduct air to and from the lungs

The layer of the eye that is clear, covers the iris, and contains no blood vessels is the:

Cornea

In the ovary, a granular yellow body that develops after the extrusion of an ovum is the

Corpus luteum

The peripheral nervous system contains

Cranial and spinal nerves

An example of a flat bone is the

Cranial bones

To emphasize a sentence in an Incident Report, the circulating surgical technologist uses the shortcut for the bold function by holding down which buttons on the keyboard

Ctrl-B

Hegar dilators would be found in what kind of instrument set

D & C

Which of the following would be incorrect technique when removing the sterile gown and gloves? A. Circulator unties gown B. Gown removed inside out C. Gloves removed inside out D. Gloves removed first

D. Gloves removed first

Which of the following hemostatic agents is not recommended for use on bone A. Absorbable gelatin B. Thrombin C. Absorbable collagen D. Oxidized cellulose

D. Oxidized cellulose

Which of the following areas should be prepped last when performing a patient skin prep? A. Skin incision site B. Axillary region C. Umbilicus D. Stoma

D. Stoma

For a splenectomy procedure, which of the following clamps could be used? A. Allen B. Doyen C. Duval D. Satinsky

D. satinsky

Which synthetic material used for grafts requires preclotting

Dacron knit polyester

What is a type of bladder retractor used during a cesarean section

De Lee

The set of teeth that erupt at about six months of age and are lost are the:

Deciduous teeth

A triangular muscle that abducts the arm and covers the shoulder is the

Deltoid

The teeth are composed primarily of:

Dentin

The shaft of a bone is known as the:

Diaphysis

The function of the small intestine is:

Digestion and absorption of nutrients

The movement of blood through a vessel can be assessed by

Doppler device

The main duct of the pancreas is the

Duct of Wirsung

The first part of the small intestine is the:

Duodenum

The outermost covering of the brain and spinal cord is the

Dura mater

A stapling device used to perform low anterior anastomosis is

EEA

Another name for the tympanic membrane is the:

Eardrum

Which of the following roller bandages would be used to secure a bulky dressing on an extremity when compression is needed to reduce postinjury edema?

Elastoplast

Why are sliding doors preferred in the operating room

Eliminate air currents

The fluid within the membranous labyrinth is called:

Endolymph

The inner lining of the uterus is the:

Endometrium

What is the function of phagocytic white blood cells?

Engulf and destroy bacteria

The comma-shaped organ that lies along the posterior border of the testis is the

Epididymis

The large, leaf-shaped laryngeal cartilage that acts as a trap door over the larynx is the:

Epiglottis

A vasoconstrictor added to a local anesthetic agent to extend the life of the local agent is

Epinephrine

The area of a bone where growth occurs until early adulthood is the:

Epiphyseal plate

The extremity or end of a bone is known as the

Epiphysis

The inner lining of the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract is composed of

Epithelium

The hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of the female secondary sex characteristics is:

Estrogen

The nasal sinus located between the nose and the orbits is the

Ethmoid

The structure that connects the middle ear and the throat, allowing the eardrum to vibrate freely, is the:

Eustachian tube

In the physiology of hearing, sound waves collect in the _______ and pass on to hit the ________:

External auditory canal, tympanic membrane

Fertilization of the ovum generally occurs in the

Fallopian tubes

When transporting a patient to the OR in what direction would the gurney be situated

Feet first

A patient is undergoing a femoropopliteal bypass. The proximal portion of the saphenous vein has been dissected free and cut free from the saphenofemoral junction. The surgeon is now ready to anastomose the proximal end of the saphenous vein to the femoral artery. What is the second step in preparation for the anastomosis?

Femoral artery clamped with two debakey angled vascular clamps

The finger-like projections on the end of the fallopian tubes are

Fimbriae

The portion of the uterus above the level of the uterine tubes is called the

Fundus

During an abdominoperineal resection, which stapling device should the ST have available to form an anal pouch from the ileum

GIA

The muscle that forms the bulk of the upper calf is the

Gastrocnemius

The first step of urine production in which fluids and dissolved substances are forced through a membrane by pressure is called

Glomerular filtration

A capillary network of blood vessels within the renal cortex that functions as a filter is called the

Glomerulus

The space between the vocal cords is called the:

Glottis

The process by which glucose is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle cells as glycogen is:

Glycogenesis

an organelle that is responsible for the packaging of proteins is the

Golgi complex

The double-layered, apron-like structure, that hangs from the lower border of the stomach is the:

Greater omentum

Abbreviation for Hepatitis B virus

HBV

abbreviation that denotes AIDS

HIV

when turning the gown, what is the proper procedure

Hand tage to circulator; circulator moves around gown

The roof of the mouth is formed by the:

Hard and soft palates

A type of deep retractor commonly used during an open cholecystectomy is a

Harrington

The pouches of the large intestine are called

Haustra

heavy clamp that has a single large tooth at the tip of the instrument because of the size of the clamp, the tooth, and serrations, it can grasp and clamp the uterus for manipulation and retraction of the organ without slipping

Heaney clamp

Name parts of the inflammatory process

Heat, pain, edema

The process by which blood cells are formed is knows as:

Hemopoiesis

The small intestine is drained by the

Hepatic portal vein

The vessel that delivers blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver is the

Hepatic portal vein

The notch on the kidney through which the ureters exit is the

Hilum

The only bone in the body that does not articulate with another is the

Hyoid

The most common cause of intracerrebral hemorrhage is

Hypertension

The cranial nerve that carries motor fibers to the tongue and sensory impulses from the tongue to the brain is the:

Hypoglossal (XII)

Wound class assigned to a bowel case in which the resident perforated during the procedure

III

An injury sustained due to the care given by a healthcare professional is called

Iatrogenic

Why should breast biopsies be kept in separate containers when sent to the pathology department

If only one of the biopsies is positive, then the surgeon will remove the correct breast

What is the standard procedure performed after a prostatectomy

Ileal conduit

The portion of the small intestine that joins the large intestine is the

Ileum

Which arteries are formed by the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta?

Iliac

first phase of wound healing and begins within minutes of injury and lasts for 3 to 5 days

Inflammatory phase of wound healing

the funnel shaped open distal end of each fallopian tube is called an

Infundibulum

The islets of Langerhans secrete:

Insulin

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are absorbed in the:

Intestine

The inner layer of an artery is known as the

Intima

Where do the pulmonary veins empty

Into the left atrium

What structure regulates the amount of light entering the eye and assists in obtaining a clear image?

Iris

The essential component of hemoglobin is

Iron

The vertebrae are examples of what type of bone?

Irregular

What organization requires surgery departments to maintain operative records that record the perioperative care given to all surgical patients

JCAHO

An active, closed, low pressure wound drainage system removes minimal amounts of fluids against gravity. A system having special flat catheters connected to a reservoir is known as a

Jackson-Pratt®.

What instrument is commonly used to make the final cut in order to remove the uterus during an abdominal hysterectomy

Jorgensen scissors

The large vein that drains the head is the

Jugular

The catabolism of fats produces what substances:

Ketone bodies

Which forceps have a single tooth at the tip and are a heavy type of forcep, ideal for grasping tendon, aponeurosis, or muscle

Kocher forceps

What would be used to remove nasal polyps

Krause nasal snare

The vocal cords are located in the:

Larynx

When the arm of a laser hits the OR wall, what is the concern of the surgical team

Laser mirrors will be out of alignment

Where are cruciate ligaments found in the knee?

Lateral and medial in the knee

The facial fracture that involves the complete separation of the midface from the cranial base in a

Le Fort II

what is the best shielding againts gamma rays?

Lead

Which organ is responsible for the synthesis of many of the coagulation factors?

Liver

When moving a patient from the lithotomy position:

Lower legs together

Name parts of the immune system that help fight infection

Lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen

Name the ossicles of the middle ear

Malleus, Incus, and stapes

What would most likely be used to stabilize a cervical fracture

Mayfield clamp

Female urethral dilation may be accomplished with

McCarthy dilators

The ureters enter the bladder

Medially from the posterior aspect

The region between the lungs is the

Mediastinum

The part of the brain that is a continuation of the spinal cord and forms the inferior portion of the brain stem is the

Medulla

The area of the brain that controls respiration is the

Medulla oblongata

The structure that binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is the:

Mesentery

What valve is located between the left upper and lower chambers of the heart

Mitral

The acronym MAC stands for

Monitored anesthesia care

The elevated adipose tissue over the symphysis is called the

Mons pubis

What can be utilized for wounds in particular for abdominal surgical wounds, that will require frequent dressing changes and prevent damage to the skin

Montgomery straps

The walls of the vagina are lined with

Mucous membrane

Dilating drops are called

Mydriatics

Neuron axons that are surrounded by a multilayer, white, phospholipid, segmented covering are called

Myelinated neurons

The middle layer of the uterus composed of muscle is the

Myometrium

laser that can be used with an endoscope to treat hydrocephalus

ND:YAG

The symbol for sodium chloride is

NaCl

The structure that drains excess tears to the nasal cavity, causing the nose to run is the:

Nasolacrimal duct

Endometrial laser ablation is most commonly treated by

Nd:YAG

Which laser is used to coagulate bleeders during an endoscopic procedure

Nd:YAG

Laser technology in the operating room requires the surgical technologist to have knowledge of spectrum types. From the following lasers, which is the most powerful coagulator capable of vaporizing a large volume of tissue and has applications in more than five specialties?

Neodymium YAG

The functional unit of the kidney responsible for removing waste and regulating fluid is the

Nephron

The basic unit of the nervous system is the

Neuron

Chemicals released by neurons to increase or inhibit impulses are called

Neurotransmitters

The abbreviation used for the right eye

OD

Urinary catheterization is most commonly performed in the

OR after induction of anesthesia

The abbreviation used for the left eye

OS

The foramen magnum is found in which bone

Occipital

Which part of the microscope provides magnification and resolving power

Optical lens system

Hardening of spongy bone in the ear

Otosclerosis

The ovary is attached to the uterus by the:

Ovarian ligamment

Ninety-six percent of the body's mass is made up of:

Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen

A tube placed in the incision made into the tympanic membrane during a myringotomy is a

PE tube

The organ that lies posterior to the greater curvature of the stomach, and is connected by a duct to the duodenum is the

Pancreas

What bones form the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity?

Parietal

Gland located in the stomach

Parietal Cells

The salivary glands located in the front of the ear, that become inflamed and enlarged during mumps are the:

Parotid

When performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, approximately where should the robotic arm be positioned on the OR table

Patient's right side; mid-thigh

The dense white fibrous covering around bone is the:

Periosteum

The passageway for foods and liquids into the digestive system, and for air into the respiratory system is the:

Pharynx

Which structure has three divisions consisting of naso, oro, and laryngeal?

Pharynx

The larynx is located between the:

Pharynx and trachea

The structure that provides an exchange of nutrients and wastes between the fetus and mother and secretes the hormones necessary to maintain the pregnancy is:

Placenta

Albumin, globulin, and firbrinogen are all

Plasma proteins

The bridge connecting the spinal cord with the brain is the

Pons

The large artery found behind the knee is the:

Popliteal

What microorganism is responsible for causing Creutzfeld-Jakob disease

Prion

The only artery in the body that carries unoxygenated blood is the:

Pulmonary artery

Which vessel arises from the right ventricle?

Pulmonary artery

The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and the vastus intermedius are muscles that extend the legs and are known as the

Quadriceps

The main function of the large intestine is to:

Reabsorb water and electrolytes

Bilateral salpingo oophorectomy

Removal of both tubes and ovaries

An ST counts only 9 sponges in a pack on the initial count. After recounting the sponges, it is confirmed that there are only 9 sponges in the pack. What is the appropriate course of action?

Remove the current package form the surgical field, but not the OR; document the problem; open a new package; recount

In the prone position, the thorax must be elevated from the OR table to prevent

Respiratory complications

The kidneys are positioned

Retroperitoneally

A Joseph elevator is used in

Rhinologic procedures

The cricoid cartilage is a:

Ring of cartilage, forming the inferior walls of the larynx

Most common straight catheter used prior to laparoscopic gynecological surgery in the OR

Robinson

Another name for the folds of the stomach is

Rugae

The pacemaker of the heart is the:

SA Node

The acromion is part of which bone?

Scapula

The white, tough layer of the eye that gives it its shape is the:

Sclera

What is the surgical technologist role concerning transferring the patient to the gurney in the OR for transport to the PACU

Scrub person maintains sterile back table until patient leaves OR

Which part of the ear is responsible for equilibrium?

Semicircular canals

Sperm are produced by the

Seminiferous tubules

Which of the following retractors would be the most

Senn

The nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the:

Septum

The outer layer of the intestine is the:

Serosa

Inhibin is produced by the

Sertolis cells

What is the name of the instrument part located between the boxlock and finger rings

Shank

The sharp uterine curettes located in a D & C tray are called

Sims

Striated-voluntary muscle tissue is found in the _____ muscle tissue

Skeletal

The most abundant extracellular ion necessary for the transmission of impulses is:

Sodium

A vegetative resting state of some bacilli is known as a

Spore

Which ossicle of the middle ear covers the oval window?

Stapes

If a sterile glove becomes contaminated during a procedure what action should the scrub person take

Step away from the table have circulator pull off glove scrub is regloved by another sterile team member

methylprednisolone acetate (Depo-Medrol)

Steroid used topically to diminish inflammation after eye surgery

The primary function of the gallbladder is to:

Store Bile

The plicae circulares, microvilli, and villi are:

Structures that increase surface absorption area in the small intestine

The large artery that arises from the left side of the aortic arch and descends into the arm is the

Subclavian

A rapid onset muscle relaxant used for intubation in short cases is

Succinylcholine chloride (anectine)

A constant relationship between unlike species of organisms

Symbiosis

The sutures of the skull are examples of:

Synarthrosis

The thymus gland functions in immunity by producing:

T cells

Name the structures located in the alveolar processes

Teeth

The mandible articulates with the

Temporal bone

What is the principal male hormone produced in the testes and responsible for sexual characteristics

Testosterone

Smooth, sustained contractions produced by several very rapid stimuli are called

Tetanus

The diencephalon is composed of the:

Thalamus and hypothalamus

What act reinforced the Patients' Bill of rights

The Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990

An ST just opened an instrument set that is wet inside after undergoing steam sterilization. What is the most likely reason for the condensation in the package and how can it be corrected

The absorbent towels were wrapped too tightly around the instrument tray, so they retained moisture. The tray should be reprocessed with loosely wrapped new towels

A retractor used during a tonsillectomy that has one end that is used to dissect the tissue to free up the tonsil for removal and the other end can be used to retract the fossa

The hurd or pillar retractor

Why is the right kidney typically several centimeters lower than the left kidney

The liver rests superior and anterior to the right kidney

What special consideration should the surgical technologist remember when holding a Love nerve root retractor

The retractor should be positioned and held gently to prevent injury of the nerve root

The pancreas lies behind the stomach and duodenum in the right and left upper quadrants and is divided into _____ portions

Three

The medial malleolus is part of which bone?

Tibia

What three safety factors should be remembered concerning the safety of the surgical technologist and ionizing radiation

Time, shielding, distance

The structure that is located anterior to the esophagus and extends from the larynx to the fifth thoracic vertebrae is the

Trachea

Which ligament stabilizes the duodenojejeunal angle?

Treitz

The best surgical position for visualization of the lower abdomen or pelvis is

Trendelenburg

the fifth cranial nerve is also called the

Trigeminal nerve

The triangular area of the bladder that is formed by the two openings of the ureters and the opening of the urethra is known as the

Trigone

A large, bony process found on the femur is a:

Trochanter

Name the structures of an artery

Tunica adventitia, tunica intima and tunica media

The olecranon is part of which bone?

Ulna

What agency established standards for drugs

United States Pharmacopeia (USP)

Trigeminal neuralgia arises from the irritation of which cranial nerve

V

Meniere's disease is associated with which cranial nerve

VIII vestibulochoclear

The ciliary body is part of which layer of the eye?

Vascular

The brain contains four fluid-filled spaces called the

Ventricles

Where is cerebrospinal fluid formed?

Ventricles

Central nervous system depressant

Versed

The cartilaginous nasal septum lies upon which bone?

Vomer

An example of a short bone is the

Wrist

A procedure performed to overcome contraction of the bladder neck caused by primary or secondary stricture is

Y-V-plasty

a lumbar meningocele involves removal of

a fluid filled sac

. An intraparietal hernia of the musculoaponeurotic layer is most likely

a strangulated hernia below the linea arcuata

When sterilizing basin sets

a woven towel is used to separate the basins

A patient is transported into the preoperative patient care unit. After the IV has been placed in the arm, the patient is left alone with the side railing down and the patient falls out of the bed suffering a fracture to the clavicle. Which unintentional tort applies to this situation

abandonment

If a patient falls from a gurney and was alone, what specific legal charge could be applied to this situation

abandonment

The procedure for a lower rectal malignancy that requires an abdominal and rectal incision is

abdominoperineal resection

epi

above or upon

Bur holes are created for

abscess, ventriculography, and shunting

Microtia refers to

absence of auricle

Soda lime is used in mask inhalation anesthesia to

absorb carbon dioxide

A characteristic of polyglycolic acid sutures is that they are

absorbable

What is a hemostatic agent that is contraindicated for use in the presence of infection

absorbable collagen

What is used to close the conjunctiva

absorbable suture

polyglycolic acid (dexon)

absorbable suture

Once a surgical technologist dons a gown, the cuffs on the gown are considered unsterile because they are

absorbent and collect moisture

Failure of the sphincter muscles of the lower esophagus to relax is a condition called

achalasia

When using electrosurgery, what device delivers the current to the patient

active electrode

A disease that occurs quickly and has rapid recovery is known as a/an

acute disease

Name a nonadherent dressing

adaptic

Excision of lymphoid tissue at the roof of the nasopharynx and above the soft palate to facilitate breathing is a

adenoidectomy

The trade name for epinephrine is

adrenalin

Surgical masks should be changed

after each case

A surgeon will be performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and prefers access ports located in the patient's midline. When should the robotic arm be positioned on the OR table?

after patient has been positioned

cimetidine

agent commonly given preoperatively to inhibit the production of gastric acid

When two chest tubes are inserted after an open cardiovascular procedure the upper tube is used to evacuate

air

When preparing the contrast solution for a cholangiogram, what should the surgical technologist ensure is not present within the syringe and why

air bubbles; appear as stones on X-ray

If used as part of the skin prep, _____ solution should be allowed to dry before electrocautery is used.

alcohol

Microbes that prefer an alkaline environment

alkalophilic

When counting instruments such as the balfour self retaining retractor what is the proper procedure

all instruments and loose parts are counted

which clamp would be found in a general or intestinal set and is available in different lengths and is an atraumatic clamp that is used to clamp intestinal tissue

allen clamp

What surgical instrument is commonly used for insertion of a device into the tympanic incision

alligator forceps

Before closing a kidney incision the OR table is straightened to

allow closure of wound

What type of current does electrosurgery utilize

alternating current

What should line the mesh bottom of a tray locked for preparation of instruments for steam sterilization

an absorbent towel

Microbes that prefer to live without oxygen are called

anaerobes

characterizes bacteria of the genus clostridium

anaerobic

Meperidine hydrochloride (Demorol) is an

analgesic

The EEA surgical stapler is used for

anastomosis of proximal colon to rectum

When positioning an anesthetized patient, supporting the head and neck is the responsibility of the

anesthesia provider

Which endoscope is used to visualize the heart and major vessels

angioscope

What procedure should the first scrub surgical technologist set up when a female patient is undergoing repair for a cystocele and rectocele

anterior and posterior colporrhaphy

Best placement area for the electrosurgical grounding pad for a patient in the lithotomy position

anterior thigh

Cephalothin sodium (keflin) is an

antibiotic

protamine sulfate

anticoagulant given for its antagonistic effect on heparin

Chemical substances that react with the body and cause the formation of antibodies are known as

antigens

What drug may be used to treat an allergy

antihistamine

What is the function of silver sulfadiazine (silvadene)

antimicrobial

. The abdomen is open, and self-retaining retractors are in place. The parietal peritoneum is incised to expose the aorta above the aneurysm, seen partially rupturing. What does the surgeon need immediately?

aortic cross clamp

What type of drape is commonly used to drape the eye

aperture

During which surgery is a Meckel's diverticulum typically discovered

appendectomy

What is used to immobilize the jaw following a mandibular fracture

arch bar

Between each surgical procedure, decontamination of walls involves washing

areas that have been splashed with blood or debris

Which laser is best used during a vitrectomy

argon

Which laser is used to treat retinopathy

argon

injury most likely related to airbag deployment

arm fractures

Atheroma within the lumen of an artery associated with the disease affecting the arterial system is called

arteriosclerosis obliterans

arterio

artery

A surgical procedure in which a joint is fused to prevent movement is called

arthrodesis

For a patient recovering from general anesthesia, what complication of vomiting is considered the most dangerous

aspiration

A patient signs a consent for surgery but does not speak English and does not fully understand what he/she singed. Surgery on the patient could constitute a liability case for

assault and battery

An uneven curvature of the cornea is known as

astigmatism

Fatty deposits on the walls of arteries are called

atherosclerosis

an anticholinergic drug given preoperatively to inhibit mucous secretion is

atropine

Type of prosthesis used to replace the femoral head and neck during a hemiarthroplasty

austine moore

used to oxygenate and circulate blood

autotransfuser

What is the reinfusion of a patients own blood called

autotransfusion

What is the name of a weighted vaginal speculum

auvard

A microfibrillar collagen that is either supplied in a compacted nonwoven web form or in loose birous form is known as

avitene

Which hemostatic agent must be applied dry and only handled with dry gloves and instruments

avitene

When using an armboard on the OR table, the most important measure is to

avoid hyperextension of the arm

An indwelling foley catheter is inserted into a patient prior to the start of a hysterectomy to

avoid injury to the bladder

The cystoplasmic process of a neuron that conducts impulses away from the cell body is an

axon

Instrument that is the best choice for grasping bowel tissue

babcock

A microorganism that is rod-shaped

bacillus

The gram stain differentiates between

bacteria

Dentists prescribe antibiotics for an infected tooth prior to extraction to prevent

bacterial endocarditis

A virus that invades a bacterial cell is called a

bacteriophage

The simplest form of cell organization is the

bacterium

Which instrument is a rib contractor

bailey

A cyst in the popliteal fossa is called a

baker's cyst

The instrument used for common duct exploration during an open choleycystectomy is

bakes dilator

used for irrigating the eye and keeping the cornea moist

balanced salt solution (bss)

A self retaining retractor used for exposure of the abdominal cavity is

balfour

procedure for removal on an embolus

balloon catheterizations

The procedure in which the attenuated anterior capsule of the shoulder is reattached to the rim of the glenoid fossa with sutures is called a

bankart

What specialized type of retractors is used during a rotator cuff repair that aids in exposure of the surgical site

bankart

secobarbital

barbiturate that may be used for sleep the night before surgery

suction tip that is the best choice for pediatric otology procedures

baron

What suction tip is used during delicate procedures, such as the placement of PE tubes in the ear

baron suction tip

If a routine surgical procedure was performed without consent, the surgeon committed

battery

Positioning device that may be used in positioning a patient for a total hip arthroplasty

bean bag

The self retaining retractor used during a lumbar laminectomy is

beckman

The anterior chamber of the eye lies

behind the cornea and in front of the iris

The majority of abdominal aortic aneurysems begin

below the renal arteries

elevator used to elevate a bone due to its shape, or retract tissue

benett elevator

A TURP is performed to treat

benign prostatic hypertrophy

midazolam (versed)

benzodiazepine sedative given intramuscularly for premedication

inter

between

All of the following statements are true for the handling of specimens, except A. Hemostatic clamp is not placed on the specimen B. Bilateral specimens are placed in the same container C. Anaeorobic cultures should be refrigerated. D. Specimens are not handed off on a surgical sponge

bilateral specimens are placed in the same container

The function of the sphincter of oddi is to control the flow of

bile into the duodenum

Positive assurance of sterility can be accomplished only with the use of

biologic indicator

Positive assurance of sterility can be accomplished only with the use of

biologic monitors

What type of electrosurgical unit does not require the use of a grounding pad

bipolar

Agents used to attain hemostasis during neurosurgery

bipolar electrosurgery, cottonoid strips, and bone wax

What is the name of the indicator that assists the anesthesia provider in monitoring the anesthesia level during a surgical procedure

bispectral index monitoring

emia

blood condition

What color is a nitrous oxide tank

blue

What type of needle would be used on the liver

blunt

After debridement of the stump and severed digit during a replantation surgery, the next step is

bone to bone attachment

A mechanical method of hemostasis used during orthopedic procedures is

bone wax

Substance used to stop bleeding from the surface of a cut bone

bone wax

Which agent is commonly applied to the bleeding surface and edges of bone

bone wax

In terms of physical principles, how is a laser similar to an endoscope

both emit light

If a tumor of an ovary is suspected to be malignant, what other organs will be excised

both fallopian tubes, both ovaries and uterus

Where should the biological test pack be placed on the steam sterilizing cart

bottom front

A male patient enters the OR for the repair of a direct inguinal hernia. However, the patient is complaining of more than usual pain upon palpation of the inguinal region of the abdomen. In addition, the patient's white blood cell count is abnormaly increased. Based on this information what should the ST be prepared for during the procedure

bowel resection due to strangulated hernia

A curved, tapered surgical needle is used most often on

bowel tissue

What test is used to check for air entrapment in the prevacuum sterilizer

bowie dick test

Another name for the uterine dressing forceps found in a D & C tray is

bozeman

A bronchoscopy procedure allows visualization of the

bronchi

What tissue forcep has a row of small teeth at the end of each tip making it an ideal instrument for grasping tissue such as the subcuticular, tendon, or muscle, but should not be used to grasp delicate tissue such as the liver

brown tissue forcep

A vascular clamp used for occluding peripheral vessels is

bulldog

Which clamps are used to clamp peripheral arteries and veins

bulldogs

All of the following statements are true for the handling of bullets as a specimen, Except A. Bullet is placed in a dry container B. Bullet is handed off with forceps C. Bullet is handed off on a towel D. Bullet has legal significance

bullet is handed off with forceps

A keller arthroplasty or McBride procedure is performed to treat

bunions

A severe fracture of the tibial plateau is treated by using

buttress plates

Generally, Where on the OR table is the robotic arm positioned for surgeries of the lower abdomen

by patient's head

Filliforms are used to

bypass urethral obstruction

The parathyroid gland regulates

calcium

An emergency drug used in cardiac surgery that increases myocardial contractility is

calcium chloride

Where is the gastrocnemius muscle located

calf

An important preoperative preparation of a laser is

calibrating laser beam

The incision for a Caldwell luc procedure involves the

canine fossa

A fracture of the neck of the femur would require what type of screw

cannulated screw

type of dispersive electrode that is a large pad placed on the OR table inside a protective cover which the patient lays on top

capacitance pad

The Penrose drain allows fluid to move out of the wound into the dressing through

capillary action.

What analyzes and measures expired carbon dioxide during a surgical procedure

capnograpphy

inorganic compounds usually lack

carbon

which type of laser is used to remove methyl methacrylate from a cemented joint implant during a revision arthroplasty

carbon dioxide

A colposcopy may be performed for suspected

carcinoma in situ

An anesthetized patient is moved slowly to prevent

cardiovascular complications

What procedure is performed for chronic cerebral ischemia

carotid endarterectomy

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate are what kind of bones

carpal bones that make up the wrist

Compression of the median nerve of the wrist is relieved by performing a

carpal tunnel release

What surgical procedure is performed to relieve pressure on the median nerve

carpal tunnel release

What term describes someone known as a host who has an infection but displays no symptoms

carrier

which needle holder has delicate tips that are ideal for the placement of small needles that are easily crushed. The needle holder will be found in neurosurgerical, plastic cardiovascular and eye sets

castroviejo

During a transurethral resection of the prostate, bleeding is controlled by

cauterization

The ultrasonic washer cleans instruments by

cavitation

The procedure performed for decompression of the cecum due to colonic obstruction is

cecostomy

Which arteries arise directly from the aorta?

celiac, mesenteric, and common carotid

What item should be available during a total hip arthroplasty to be inserted into the reamed femoral canal that will prevent methyl methacrylate from entering the medullary canal

cement restrictor

assesses the function of the right side of the heart

central venous pressure

what would a brain spoon be used for

cerebral aneurysm

A surgical technologist working in the Central Sterile Supply Department is recording the test results for a steam biologic indicator (BI). The BI that was exposed to the sterilization process indicates positive results, meaning the growth of microbes occurred. The entire load for that BI is considered unsterile. How did the surgical technologist verify the BI was positive

change in color of liquid

What can contribute to the decreased effectiveness of the electrosurgical unit current and the first scrub surgical technologist should resolve

charred tissue on electrode tip

An additional important intervention treatment for malignant hyperthermia is

chilled saline lavage of body cavities

Mentoplasty means reconstruction of the

chin

The term mentoplasty refers to plastic surgery of the

chin

When performing a rhinoplasty, the hump in the nose is removed with a

chisel

Procedure that requires an opening into the gallbladder to permit drainage and removal of stones

cholecystostomy

An accumulation of squamous epithelium that forms a mass destructive to the middle ear is called

cholesteatoma

The benign tumor that damages the mastoid air cells and ossicles of the ear is

cholesteatoma

Which suture is treated with a salt solution to decrease the rate of absorption

chromic

A Gomco clamp or Plastibell are used for

circumcision

Cramp like pains in the lower leg caused by poor blood circulation to the lower leg muscles is called

claudication

The method of inhalation anesthesia that allows complete rebreathing of expired gases is

closed method

colles' fracture is often treated by

closed reduction

When draping the patient for abdominal procedure, which of the four towels used to square off an incision is placed first

closest to scrub person

The microorganism that is the cause of myonecrosis in the surgical patient is

clostridium perfringens

which organism causes gas gangrene

clostridium perfringens

A bacteria frequently found in soil, water sewage, debris, and air is

clostridium tetani

Utilizing electric current to close severed vessels is called

coagulation

The destruction of organisms in an autoclave is accomplished by the

coagulation of cell protein

What is the preferred suture material for the fixation of heart valves

coated polyester

Topical anesthetic used prior to nasal surgery

cocaine

What implant is used for individuals with sensorineural deafness

cochlear implant

A protein substance that is the chief constituent of connective tissue is

collagen

Which of the following robotic devices requires sterilization A. Robotic arm B. Computer C. Collar D. Optics device

collar

A dorsally angulated fracture of the distal radius is called

colles' fracture

What type of dressing is often used for pediatric patients

collodion

An examination of the cervix that uses a binocular microscope is called a

colposcopy

What type of drape would be used for an abdominoperineal resection performed with the patient in the lithotomy position

combined drape

a type of relationship in which two organisms live together but only one benefits is

commensalism

What is the term that describes a fracture in which the bone penetrates the skin

compound

Femoral shaft fractures in an adult can be repaired by

compression plating

If the patient is in supine position, the circulating surgical technologist must always

confirm the ankles and legs are not crossed

The cause of arteriovenous malformations is

congenital defect

During strabismus surgery, which is the first tissue layer that must be incised

conjunctiva

A fomite that contains microorganisims is said to be

contaminated

Omental flaps, falciform ligament, or Gerota's fascia flaps may be used to

control liver hemorrhage

A procedure to remove intractable pain due to terminal cancer is

cordotomy

The transparent portion of the external tunic of the eye is called the

cornea

Which insrument is used to make the corneal cut during a keratoplasty

corneal trephine

When opening a sterile wrapper the unsterile person should first open the

corner farthest from the body

What sponge is used directly on the structures of the brain

cottonoid

Repair of a cranial defect is called

cranioplasty

The condition of premature closure of the infant suture lines is called

craniosynostosis

A gigli saw is used during a

craniotomy

What surgical procedure requires cottonoids

craniotomy

mechanical methods of hemostasis

crile clamp, ligating clips, pressure dressing

A type of inflammatory bowel disease with chronic inflammation of the intestine is called

crohn's disease

A patient who underwent a bronchoscopy is diagnosed with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection which is traced to this type of infection

cross contamination

Anterior and posterior knee stability is influenced by the dynamics of the

cruciate ligaments

The local freezing of diseased tissue to facilitate removal without bleeding is

cryosurgery

What type of specialty equipment uses liquid nitrogen and is often utilized to repair retinal detachments

cryotherapy unit

When applying surgical drapes

cuff drape, unfold it away from the operative site

A diagnostic procedure for suspected ectopic pregnancy is

culdocentesis

What instrument is used to clamp on the edges of the hernia sac in order for the surgeon to reduce the contents back into their normal anatomic position

curved crile hemostat

. The peritoneum has been reached through the use of knife, electrocautery, and retractors. What will the surgeon need next as the assistant secures the retractors?

curved hemostat and deep blade

What method is best for testing the sharpness of metzenbaum scissors

cut two 4 x 4 sponges

When assisting with the closure of a skin incision and operating the skin stapler, the surgical technologist in the scrub role is placing the staples through which two layers

cuticular and subcuticular

A biopsy punch is an instrument that

cuts

An osteotome is what type of instrument

cutting

Which type of needle point would be selected for use on skin

cutting

Which type of needle point would be selected for use on tendon

cutting

A rongeur is a type of

cutting instrument

tropicamide (mydriacyl)

cycloplegic drug used to dilate the pupil

Which drug is used to decrease the body's natural immunity and given to the patient prior to organ transplantation

cyclosporine

The structures that must be ligated prior to removal of the gallbladder are the

cystic artery and cystic duct

The prolapse of the bladder causing a bulge in the anterior vaginal wall is called a

cystocele

Division of the parent cell's cytoplasm and organelles is known as

cytokineses

All of the following are requirements of the Kraske position except: A. The hips are placed over break in table B. a pillow is placed under lower legs and ankles C. A padded safety strap is placed 2 inches above the knees D. The arms are tucked at the sides of the patient

d. The arms are tucked at the sides of the patient

Agents that control bleeding in the skin and glia

dandy forceps, raney clips, and lidocaine with epinephrine

What drug is administered for malignant hyperthermia

dantrolene

drug given for malignant hypothermia

dantrolene

Which angled retractor found in a thoracotomy set is used for retracting the scapula during thoracic procedures

davidson

The space caused be separation of wound edges is called

dead space

A common fear of school-aged children related to general anesthesia is

death

The procedure to treat trigeminal neuralgia is

decompression

What term is used to describe the attainment of a three dimensional simulation of the images of a patient's tissues in order for the surgeon to practice prior to the surgical procedure

deformable modeling

The robotic arm's clockwise and counterclockwise movements around an axis are referred to as

degrees of rotation

A patient is transported into the preoperative patient care unit. After the IV has been placed in the arm, the patient is left alone with the side railing down and the patient falls out of the bed suffering a fracture to the clavicle. The surgical technologist that was assigned to patient care duties in the preoperative unit answers pretrial questions referred to as a

deposition

A major concern when treating geriatric patients requiring additional emotional support by the surgical team members is

depression

What instrument is used during an open reduction and internal fixation to determine the correct screw length needed to secure the compression plate to the fractured bone?

depth gauge

Reese and Brown are types of

dermatomes

The presence of ketones in urine when a urinalysis is performed indicates

diabetes mellitus

What term describes voltage that is strong enough to compromise the sterile glove, an insulator, causing a hole and possibly burning the individual

dielectric breakdown

Dys

difficult

A passive process in which there is a net or greater movement of molecules or ions from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is called

diffusion

What classification is a bake surgical instrument

dilating

The most frequent means by which infections are spread are

direct contact with infected person

What type of hernia occurs within Hesselbach's triangle and does not have a sac

direct hernia

What is the correct procedure to follow when a sterile metal graduate is opened and water droplets are on the inside

discard the pitcher, it is contaminated

What is the first treatment for malignant hyperthermia

discontinue anesthesia administration

An ST is explaining the steps of the ESU circuit to a student. The ST should explain that the electric current is channeled back to the generator through the

dispersive (inactive) electrode

What pathology is a serious obstetrical emergency that is a type of coagulopathy resulting from overstimulation of the clotting and anticlotting processes

disseminated intravascular coagulation

A Meckel's diverticulum occurs on the

distal ileum

Surgery to repair a colles' fracture is performed on which type of bone

distal radial head (long bone)

How should an esmarch bandage be applied to an extremity

distal to proximal

Drugs that draw fluid from the tissues are classified as

diuretics

The patient has withdrawn the general consent prior to surgery what action should be taken

do not transport patient and inform the surgeon

If a discrepancy occurs in the identification of a patient on the hospital ward, what action should be taken

do not transport to OR and inform OR personnel

When performing the skin prep for a skin grafting procedure, which area is prepped first

donor site

During surgery for de quervain's disease, the tendons are released by cutting the

dorsal carpal liqament

Choledochotomy is performed to

drain the common bile duct

Malecot, mushroom, and sump are all types of surgical

drains

gtt

drop

Levarterenol (Levophed)

drug used to reverse hypotension

stones are sent to the pathology department in

dry container

How are frozen section tissue biopsies sent to the pathology department

dry on telfa pad

The pathology characterized by contraction of the palmar fascia is

duputrens disease

fluorescein

dye used to evaluate the corneal epithelium

What advantage do handheld retractors have over self retaining retractors

dynamic adjustability

The medical term for painful menstruation is

dysmenorrhea

A pregnancy that dos not occur in the normal location is called

ectopic

Which plate used in the open reduction internal fixation of fractures is slotted

eggers

Intertrochanteric fractures most often occur in which age population

elderly

assesses the electrical activity of the nervous system

electroencephalogram

What instrument is used by the surgeon to intermittently remove prostatic tissue fragments during a TURP

ellik evacuator

Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal)

emergency drug useful in stabilizing ventricular fibrillation

The doctrine of respondeat superior refers to

employer responsible for employee's actions

subcategory of drug preparation that is a combination of two liquids that cannot mix

emulsion

A disease that is commonly found in a community is considered

endemic

During a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, the instrument used to grasp the upper portion of the fundus of the stomach is

endo babcock

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart caused by bacteria is known as

endocarditis

The abnormal growth of endometrium on the outside of the uterus is termed

endometriosis

The abnormal implantation of uterine tissue is referred to as

endometriosis

During a laparoscopic appendectomy, what instrument is commonly used to dissect free the appendix from its attachment to the mesoappendix

endoscopic linear stapler

Vasodilation and hypotension associated with septic shock are caused by ______ released by the bacteria

endotoxins

hepatomegaly

enlarged liver

when transporting a patient to the OR in a gurney, how should the patient be transported when using an elevator

enter head first, exit feet first

A herniation of the Douglas cul-de-sac containing a loop of bowel is called a

enterocele

An excisional biopsy is removal of

entire lesion

Removal of an entire eyeball is called

enucleation

hyaluronidase (wydase)

enzyme that is mixed with ophthalmic anesthetic solutions for infiltration anesthesia

The layers of skin included in a full thickness skin graft is

epidermis and dermis

The anesthesia of choice for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is

epidural

During surgery, a patient becomes hypotensive. What medication should be given

epinephrine (adrenalin)

A surgical procedure performed to correct the abnormality in which the urethral meatus is situated on the upper side of the penis is called

epispadias repair

The medical term for a nosebleed is

epistaxis

A hemolytic disease of a newborn is known as

erythroblastosis fetalis

The medical term for charred and pearly white appearance of tissue damaged by a third degree burn is

eschar

A bacillus found in the intestine is

escherichia coli

What is the name of the latex rolled bandage used to exsanguinate an extremity before a tourniquet cuff is inflated

esmarch

The heller procedure is performed to correct

esophageal obstruction

A Sengstaken Blakemore tube is used when treating

esophageal varices

What suture is a polyester fiber suture

ethibond

Which method of hospital sterilization does not corrode metal and passes through woven materials like steam

ethylene oxide

If two chest tubes are placed, what is the purpose of the second chest tube inserted in the lower portion of the thoracic cavity

evacuate fluids

What term refers to how a sterile item is handled and does not use an expiration date

event related sterility

How often should a tourniquet applied to an adult leg be periodically deflated

every 1-1/2 hours

The rupture of a wound with spilling of contents is known as

evisceration

ectomy

excision

Mastectomy

excision of a breast

What part of the laser system provides the energy for the laser head to produce light

excitation source

Toxins (poisons) that are soluble and diffuse out of intact bacterial cells into the surrounding tissue are

exotoxins

dextran is used parenterally to

expand blood plasma volume

A chemical indicator on a package confirms

exposure to sterilizing conditions

A surgeon will be performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and prefers access ports located in the patient's midline. How should the leg be positioned on the side where the robotic arm is positioned?

extended laterally with leg supported

Glisson's capsule is the

external covering of the liver

blephar/o

eyelid

The medical term rhytidectomy refers to a

facelift

When performing a parotidectomy, which nerve is identified and preserved with the use of a nerve stimulator

facial nerve

What would be the result if VII cranial nerve is severed

facial paralysis

Following an abdominal surgery, the surgeon has just closed the peritoneum. Which of the following layers will be sutured next

fascia

tachycardia

fast heart rate

A patient is undergoing a femoropopliteal bypass. The proximal portion of the saphenous vein has been dissected free and cut free from the saphenofemoral junction. The surgeon is now ready to anastomose the proximal end of the saphenous vein to the femoral artery. What is the first step involving the femoral artery

femoral artery is isolated with vessel loops

During a total hip arthroplasty what anatomical structure is removed

femoral head

The longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body is the

femur

drape with an opening that allows exposure of the operative site

fenestrated drape

The power source for all fiberoptic instruments and equipment is

fibertoptic light source

The substance that weakly holds wound edges together during the first five days of first intention healing is

fibroblasts

another name for leiomyomas

fibroids

The healing stage of first intention healing occurs from the

fifth to fourteenth day

What degree of burn is the common sunburn

first

Fine, thread like appendages that provide bacteria with motion are

flagella

Tubes that can be used during laser surgery

flexible metallic tube, insulated silicone, and red rubber tube wrapped with reflective tape

A surgical technologist is transporting several sterile instrument sets to the sterile storage area in the surgery department. She notices that some of the sets have expiration dates and removes the labels with the date, some sets are not used very often, and drops a package on the floor wrapped in an impervious wrapper. What should be done with the dropped package

floor is dry, use immediately

What is used to remove stones from the CBD

fogarty balloon tipped catheter

An embolus would most likely be removed by a

fogarty catheter

Inanimate particles that can be vectors for infection are called

fomites

A reverse trendelenburg position requires the added table attachment of a

footboard

Opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

foramen magnum

What is a commonly used preservative solution for tissue specimens

formalin

How many sponge, sharp, and instrument counts does a cesarean section require

four

The position most commonly used for tonsillectomy performed under local anesthesia is

fowler's

What position is commonly used for neurosurgical and some otorhinologic procedures

fowler's

What is a common complication as a result of chest compressions during CPR

fractured ribs

The procedure performed to correct pyloric stenosis in the newborn is

fredet ramstedt

The instrument commonly used to remove plaque from the carotid during an endarterectomy is a

freer elevator

When draping a prep table, the first scrub surgical technologist should drape from

front to back

The portion of the stomach above the level of the lower esophageal sphincter is the

fundus

Name the parts of the stomach

fundus, antrum and the body

What determines if a laser is solid state, gas, liquid, or semiconductor

gain medium

A cholelithrotripsy is performed to fragment

gallstones

An Allen clamp is used for

gastrointestinal surgery

A hemostatic agent that is made from a purified gelatin solution is

gelfoam

A nonproprietary name for a drug, usually selected by the original developer of the drug is

generic

aden/o

gland

Blockage of the canal of schlemm will cause

glaucoma

Goniotomy, Iridectomy, and Cyclodialysis are all treatments for what type of condition

glaucoma

A tumor composed of neuroglial cells is known as a

glioma

Chemical solution that kills spores and is used to terminally sterilize endoscopes

glutaraldehyde

non electrolytic and isomotic solution that is used during a TURP

glyceine

A valuable laboratory test for determining bacterial identification is a/an

gram stain

Which retractor is also called a loop retractor and is used to retract the sternocleidomastoid muscle during a thyroidectomy and other neck procedures

green retractor

In the OR what should never be removed from a 3 prong plug in order to make it fit a 2 prong plug in

ground prong

What is another name for the electrosurgical unit's inactive electrode

grounding pad

The medical term that refers to the abnormal enlargement of the male breast is

gynecomastia

The medical term for a bunion is

hallux valgus

Which type of fire extinguisher should be available when using a laser

halon

At the conclusion of a surgical case, how would the surgical technologist in the scrub role aid in reducing bioburden on instruments as the first step in the sterilization cycle

hand cleaning

A towel clip is used on the sterile field to keep a drape in place but is removed by the surgeon. How should the surgical technologist handle the towel clip

handed off the field to the circulator

Instrument that uses ultrasonic energy to cut and coagulate tissue

harmonic

Which retractor is distinguished by the end, which accounts for its alternative name, heart retractor. It is large, atraumatic retractor ideal for retracting the liver, stomach, intestines, spleen, etc

harrington

Cephalgia

headache

What instrument is used to clamp across the pelvic ligaments during a hysterectomy

heaney

What is the last sense to leave a patient receiving general anesthetic

hearing

The combination of what two factors kills microbes during steam sterilization

heat and moisture

What microorganism is responsible for causing gastric ulcer disease

helicobacter pylori

The test that determines the ratio of red blood cells to whole blood is the

hematocrit

The rupturing of erythrocytes is called

hemolysis

What is a major side effect of thrombolytics

hemorrhage

Complications of suprabubic prostatectomy

hemorrhage, embolism, and acute epididymitis

Thrombosed veins within the rectum and anus are referred to as

hemorrhoids

Gelfoam oxidized cellulose (surgicel), and microfibrillar collagen hemostat (avitene) are examples of

hemostatic agents

What type of scalpel cuts and coagulates tissue with the use of heat

hemostatic scalpel

What drainage system is preferred for a radical neck dissection

hemovac

The agent used to flush an artery to prevent clotting is

heparin

During a herniorrhaphy, the abdominal area that is bound by the rectus abdominis muscle, the inguinal ligament, and the inferior epigastric vessels is the

hesselback triangle

skin cleansing agent that has an effective comulative bacterial suppressive action

hexachlorophene

Hypertension means

high blood pressure

What filter is preferred for use in the OR for air exchanges

high efficiency particulate air filters

Which level of disinfection kills all microorganisms, including spores, if the contact time with the item is sufficient

high level

retractor inserted through the anus for use during rectal procedures. Due to the groove in the retractor the surgeon can view the rectal canal and insert instruments

hill ferguson

What type of cast would a fracture of the femoral shaft require

hip spica cast

What documentation must be included in the patient's chart prior to surgery

history and physical

nosocomial refers to

hospital acquired infection

viruses reproduce by

host cell metabolism

A Neer prosthesis is used for repair of comminuted fractures of the

humeral head

What is necessary for ethylene oxide sterilization to occur

humidity

Excision of the tunica vaginalis of the testis is called

hydrocelectomy

The abnormal accumulation of the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain of children is known as

hydrocephalus

Which substance is used to create gas plasma for sterilization purposes

hydrogen peroxide

which agent is a radiopaque contrast medium used during operative cholangiograms

hypaque

An abnormal increase in the number of cells is called

hyperplasia

graves disease is characterized by

hyperthyroidism

The abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the underside of the penis is referred to as

hypospadias

The part of the brain that is responsible for controlling the body temperature by triggering heat and cold sensitive activities is the

hypotahlamus

When an anesthetized patient's position is changed from lithotomy to supine, the patient's legs should be lowered slowly to prevent

hypotension

a deliberate reduction of body temperature for therapeutic purposes is known as

hypothermia

Dark blood in the operative field is a sign of possible

hypoxia

The medical term for removal of the uterus is

hysterectomy

which procedure is best performed with the patient in the trendelenburg position

hysterectomy

The type of ostomy established when a total colectomy is performed is

ileostomy

What anatomical structure is the best site for the removal of cortical bone for grafting purposes

ilium

state

immediately

What type of consent is obtained for emergency situations when no other authorized person can be contacted and patient is unconscious

implied

When breaking down the setup, the scrub person should place the instruments

in basin with water for transport to decontamination

At the completion of the anastomosis of an intestine, the instruments used on the bowel are placed

in separate basin

When is the initial count of instruments performed

in sterile processing area

When passing a retractor to the surgeon, the surgical technologist must place the instrument

in the correct direction for immediate use.

The defect in an inguinal hernia occurs where

in the transversalis muscle

What part is responsible for conducting the electrical current back to the electrosurgical unit

inactive electrode

What report is completed when an adverse or unusual event takes pace in the OR that may have legal consequences for the staff or patient

incident report

tomy

incision

During a craniotomy, removal of the bone flap is followed by

incision of the dura mater

When performing the patient skin prep, the skin should be scrubbed and painted from the

incision site to periphery using circular motion

Lack of control over urination is called

incontinence

What phase of anesthesia is it most important to keep noise at an absolute minimum

induction

intubation occurs during which phase of anesthesia

induction

A patient with a white blood cell count of 13,000/mm3squared would indicate

infection

Bodies local tissue reaction to injury

inflammation

appendicitis

inflammation of the appendix

A lower oblique incision is known as

inguinal

The purpose of administering atropine preoperatively is to

inhibit secretions

Is Fentanyl injected or inhaled

injected

Meniere's syndrome involves the

inner ear

Rickettsiae are transmitted by

insect bites

What action should be taken when the surgeon has repeatedly requested a higher current for the electrosurgical unit

inspect the dispersive electrode

What is the purpose of the third lumen in a three way foley catheter

instill irrigation fluids

The body's first line of defense against infection is

intact skin

Crossing the patient's arms across his/her chest in the supine position may cause

interference with respirations

Russell-Taylor

interlocking IM nail

grosse-kempf, brooker-willis and Russell-taylor are what kind of nails

interlocking used for a closed intramedullary nailing

What layer of the three layer dressing absorbs the secretions of the wound

intermediate

Which artery supplies the brain

internal carotid

If the saphenous vein will not be used during a CABG, the other vessel of choice is the

internal mammary artery

To revascularize the heart muscle of a patient with heart disease, a graft may be anastomosed between which two vessels

internal mammary artery to affected coronary artery

Interferons act by

interrupting replication of DNA in viruses

Allen forceps, best clamps, and doyen forceps are what type of instruments

intestinal

In what environment is Escherichia coli (E. coli) usually found

intestinal tract

Administering a drug within a joint is called

intra articular injection

A type of cataract extraction in which the lens and its capsule are removed is

intracapsular

Stapler used to anastomose tubular structures such as the distal colon

intraluminal

Thiopental sodium

intravenous barbiturate general anesthetic used for induction most frequently

A purse string suture is placed in the cecal serosa for an appendectomy to

invert the appendiceal stump

Muscular fasciculation refers to

involuntary muscle contractions

Fluid balance is a major consideration during surgery, which requires a team effort in volume maintenance. What part does the technologist play in fluid balance and blood loss?

irrigation volume

sphygmomanometer

is what obtains indirect arterial blood pressure

If tissue is approximated too tight it can cause

ischemia

Reduced blood flow to an area is known as

ischemia

a solution in which the concentration of water molecules is the same as in blood is said to be

isotonic

under normal circumstances 0.9% NaCl (normal saline solution) is

isotonic

Which surgical instrument would you need to remove the septal cartilage during a rhinoplasty

jansen middleton forceps

A cottingham punch is used for what type of procedure

keratoplasty

What type of surgery would you use a trephine for

keratoplasty

Once the spinous process is exposed during a laminectomy, the next instrument needed for the removal of the lamina is a

kerrison rongeur

what is the most popular elevator for elevating the periosteum from bone

key elevator

elevator used to elevate the periosteum from bone

key periosteal elevator

Ren/o

kidney

Satinsky, Herrick, and mayo clamps can be used on the

kidney pedicle

What type of wire would be used to stabilize a fractured finger

kirschner wires

What type of sponge is a tightly rolled cotton tape used by surgeons for blunt dissection

kittner

which forceps have sharp pointed tips that are ideal for grasping the thyroid to manipulate and retract the organ during a thyroidecotomy

lahey traction forceps

frequently used osteotome used for cutting bone, such as to obtain a bone graft

lambotte osteotome

A ventilation system that provides a rapid air exchange in a unidirectional flow is called

laminar air flow

In the operating room, what piece of equipment is necessary to obtain three dimensional coordinates in order to superimpose the scan-based images of the brain on the head of the patient

laser

In what postoperative position is a patient placed following a tonsillectomy

lateral

the surgical position frequently used for patients undergoing kidney surgery is

lateral

What position allows the best approach to the retroperitoneal area of the flank

lateral kidney

Which muscle is involved in resection for strabismus correction

lateral rectus

Where is the catheter placed when performing the procedure to treat hydrocephalus

lateral ventricle

transverse fracture of the maxilla

le fort I

What personal protective equipment should be worn underneath the sterile gown to provide radiation protection from x rays

lead gown

Retinal detachment is due to

leakage of liquid from vitreous cavity

Position for a right nephrectomy

left lateral kidney

A surgeon will be performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and prefers access ports located in the patient's midline. Where should the robotic arm be placed on the OR table

left or right side: lower abdominal region

A patient brought into surgery has previously undergone a right total hip arthroplasty. Where should the grounding pad be placed

left thigh

A type of uterine fibroid that can cause menorrhagia and increased fertility is

leiomyoma

A self retaining neurosurgical retractor is

leyla yasargil

A local anesthetic agent employed for infiltration anesthesia during ophthalmic surgery is

lidocaine

cardiac arrhythmias of ventricular origin can be treated with

lidocaine

The most widely used local anesthetic is

lidocaine (xylocaine)

What is an internal method of hemostasis

ligature

Memory impairments result from lesions in the

limbic system

Measures volume

liter

The pulse generator of a permanent pacemaker is powered by a

lithium source

The position used when performing an abdominal gynecologic laparoscopy is

lithotomy

A blunt needle does not puncture the tissue, and it is the least traumatic needle for organs such as the

liver

hepat

liver

What is a silverman biopsy needle used for

liver biopsy

A surgical technologist working in the Central Sterile Supply Department is recording the test results for a steam biologic indicator (BI). The BI that was exposed to the sterilization process indicates positive results, meaning the growth of microbes occurred. The entire load for that BI is considered unsterile. To facilitate retrieval of the unsterile items, what control measure is best used

load control number

The four agents mixed together for injecting during a tumescent liposuction are

local anesthetic, epinephrine, whdase, and saline

The surgeon is performing a suprapubic prostatectomy. control of bleeding is a major consideration. What type of clamp should the ST hand to the surgeon to aid in hemostasis

long right angle clamp

Hypovolemia

low blood volume

The initial incision for an abdominoplasty is a

low transverse

What could be a cause of wet packs after steam sterilization

low water content of steam

Where should the Foley indwelling catheter drainage bag be positioned after insertion of the catheter

lower then level of the bladder

what bone clamp also referred to as a turkey foot is used to hold a fractured bone in place while repair is taking place

lowman bone clamp

What type of solution is used to stain the cervix while performing a Schiller's test

lugol's

An example of autoimmune disease is

lupus

An organelle that contains an enzyme that destroys foreign substances within the cell is the

lysosome

A surgeon is using surface based registration in order to perform a difficult resection of a benign tumor of the brain. What is used to create the initial images of the brain?

magnetic resonance imaging

diagnostic imaging technique that provides the best imaging of soft tissue

magnetic resonance imaging

What is the primary function of the islets of langerhans

maintain blood sugar level

Surgical intervention occurs during which phase of anesthesia

maintenance

A cancerous growth is said to be

malignant

What is the diagnoses for rapid increase in body temperature, unstable blood pressure, muscle rigidity, tachycardia, tachypnea

malignant hypertermia

What is the technical term for robotic arms

manipulators

A drug used to reduce intracranial swelling is

mannitol

used to measure fluid pressure

manometer

procedure that may require a postauricular incision

mastoidectomy

Untreated acute otitis media may result in

mastoiditis

What instrument has two concave ends and can be inserted into the cystic duct to remove stones

mayo gall stone scoop

What piece of OR furniture is utilized for the placement of surgical instruments that will be used most often during a procedure

mayo stand

When opening sterile supplies and instruments, where should the gown and gloves for the scrub person be opened

mayo stand

The incision commonly used for an appendectomy is

mcburney

Some events that require an incident report are

medication errors, bullying, and cardiac or respiratory arrest

The division of a reproductive cell into two cells with 23 chromosomes each is called

meiosis

A tumor arising from the covering of the brain is a

meningioma

A bucket handle tear in the medial cartilage of the knee is repaired by performing what type of procedure

meniscectomy

A D & C may be performed for

menorrhagia

A mesh that is not preferred in the presence of infection is

mersilene

The device used to expand the size of a spilt thickness skin graft is

mesh graft

During an appendectomy, the structure that must be dissected free from its attachment to the cecum is called the

mesoappendix

The spread of cancerous cells to other parts of the body is referred to as

metastasis

What should the surgical technologist have available to instill into the bladder through the catheter in order for the surgeon to visualize the bladder or ureter if they are cut

methylene blue

Which type of microorganism requires an amount of oxygen that is less than the amount contained in the atmosphere

microaerophilic

What important component of the remote console sends messages to the computer, which in turn translates the surgeon's hand movement to the robotic arm

micromanipulators

In preparation for a cranial aneurysm, which piece of equipment would most likely be used

microscope

To perform chest compressions on an adult, one hand is placed on top of the other hand, with the heel of the lower hand pressing on the

middle of the sternum

A nasogastric tube used for insertion in the small intestine is

miller-abbott

The sterile liquid placed on the donor skin site as a lubricant when a split thickness skin graft is taken is

mineral oil

. What type of sponge is best used in small areas of the head and neck, pelvis, or spine that require maximum absorption to maintain a visual field

mini-laparotomy tapes

Pilocarpine is what type of drug

miotic

Which organelle of a cell is responsible for the production of energy as ATP

mitochondria

pilocarpine hydrochloride

mitrotic drug used to constrict the pupil to reduce intraocular pressure

A method of operative exposure of the abdominal cavity is

moistened lap sponges to wall of the viscera

what type of suture is prolene

monofilament

the part of the body that has the most abundant and various microbes is the

mouth and throat

The progressive destruction of the myelin sheaths of the neurons in the CNS accompanied by proliferation of astrocytes is a condition referred to as

multiple sclerosis

The tissue that covers bones and provides movement to the skeletal system is

muscle

A diagnostic study involving the injection of radiopaque dye into the spinal subarachnoid space is

myelogram

The medical term for the removal of a uterine fibroid is

myomectomy

A surgical procedure for the treatment of acute otitis media is

myringotomy

naloxone hydrochloride (narcan) is a/an

narcotic antagonist

Bayonet forceps, speculum, and rasp are used for what type of fracture

nasal

freer elevator, bayonet forceps, and cottle speculum would be found on what kind of setup

nasal

The scroll like ridges on the lateral walls of the nasal cavity are called

nasal conchae

Judy had a procedure performed in the minor procedures room in which she had fluid removed from her breast. What was the procedure performed?

needle aspiration

A diagnostic procedure performed for patients with possible prostatic cancer is known as a

needle biopsy

The control system in which feedback concerning changes in the body's internal environment causes a response that reverses these changes is called

negative feedback

A patient is transported into the preoperative patient care unit. After the IV has been placed in the arm, the patient is left alone with the side railing down and the patient falls out of the bed suffering a fracture to the clavicle. Which legal term applies to the individuals who were providing care to the patient

negligence

The lack of care or skill that anyone in the same situation would be expected to use is the legal definition of

negligence

Which tissue type would contradict the use of a cutting needle

nerve

To facilitate communication within a hospital, the computers are connected together to a single server to form a

network

Balanced anesthesia is sometimes referred to as

neuroleptanesthesia

The procedure that involves freeing up a nerve from adhesions for restoration of function is called

neurolysis

The relationship in which organisms occupy the same habitat but do not affect each other is known as

neutralism

An antagonist drug

neutralizes action of another drug

Under what circumstance can the patient's hospital identification bracelet be removed

never

Orthopedic power equipment is run by

nitrogen

Because _______ _______ is an anesthetic lacking potency, it must be used with other intravenous drugs

nitrous oxide

A tissue specimen indicated for frozen section is sent to the pathology department in a specimen container with

no preservative

enuresis

nocturnal bed wetting

An important concept related to surgical conscience is

nondiscriminatory care of all patients

A urinary tract infection following a cystoscopy is an example of a

nosocomial infection

For aseptic purposes covering a sterile table for later use is

not permissible in any circumstance

NPO

nothing by mouth

DNA is contained within the

nucleus

which structure is known as the control center of the cell

nucleus

a differential count is the calculation of the

number of each type of leukocyte

The most widely used nonabsorbable suture is

nylon

What type of suture is surgilon

nylon

large self retaining retractor that has various sizes of interchangeable blades and is used to retract the abdominal walls when a midline incision is utilized by the surgeon

o'sullivan o'connor

what type of incision is a kocher

oblique

Which layers are transected when a subcostal flank incision is used for a nephrectomy

oblique muscles

Ligatures are used to

occlude lumens of blood vessels

Cricoid pressure

occludes the esophagus

The study of tumors is called

oncology

What is the standard safety margin of a sterile package wrapper that has been opened

one inch

A thoracoabdominal incision is used when performing an

open hiatal hernia repair

how should ratcheted instruments be sent to decontam

opened so all of the debris can be washed away

Os means

opening

The surgical placement and fixation of a testicle in the scrotum is a

orchiopexy

What term is used to describe the side to side action of a power saw

oscillating

What instrument would be used during a dacryocystorhinostomy

oscillating saw

A degenerative joint disease is

osteoarthritis

what is an indication of total hip arthroplasty

osteoarthritis

A postoperative total arthroplasty patient presents to the emergency department with severe throbbing pain, fever, and malaise. What is the most likely diagnosis

osteomyelitis

Betty is a four year old with recurrent ear infections. She is scheduled to undergo bilateral myringotomy. The pathology that is the cause of chronic ear infections is

otitis media

A plastic procedure performed to correct protruding ears is

otoplasty

oophor

ovary

The table attachment of the Bookwalter is secured

over the sterile drapes by the surgeon or assistant.

When transporting a patient to the OR in a gurney, where should the safety strap be placed

over the thighs

Which chemical method of hemostasis in contraindicated for use on bone

oxidized cellulose

aerobic organisms are best characterized as

oxygen requiring

A patient with multiple trauma injuries requires surgical intervention. The patient has a history of DVT and is currently taking anticoagulants. What should be done to ensure a clot does not develop

pace a sequential compression device (SCD) on lower extremities

To avoid foot drop

pad heels to prevent pressure from the OR table

cell eating is called

pahgocytosis

Morphine is used for

pain

The roof of the mouth is called the

palate

The surgical procedure performed to correct the congenital absence of the roof of the mouth is a

palatoplasty

When performing closed gloving technique, how is the first glove positioned in order to don it without contamination

palm of glove to palm, thumb to thumb

What organ detects changes in the level of insulin and releases chemicals to regulate the level of blood glucose

pancreas

Pancreaticojejunostomy is performed for

pancreatic pseudocysts

Another name for Whipple's procedure is

pancreaticoduodenectomy

AIDS is considered

pandemic

What type of hernia is a combination of direct and indirect inguinal hernia

pantaloon

The incision for a resection of the sigmoid colon is a

paramedian

A relationship that benefits one organism at the expense of the other is

parasitism

A Rubin's test is performed to confirm

patency of fallopian tubes

which term defines microorganisms that are capable of producing disease under favorable condition

pathogens

If an adult patient is illiterate, how is the consent form signed

patient marks an X

The instrument commonly used to provide traction on the gallbladder during an open cholecystectomy is

pean forceps

A radical procedure involving removal of the reproductive organs, bladder and rectum is called

pelvic exenteration

During a craniotomy, the instrument commonly used to separate the dura from the cranium is a

penfield dissector

what dissector is used on a variety of procedures to dissect delicate tissue, such as during a septorhinoplasty to dissect free the periosteum and perichondrium

penfield dissector

atraumatic clamp that is frequently used during urinary and rectal procedures

pennington tissue grasping focep

Name a type of passive drain

penrose

What is used to retract the spermatic cord during a herniorrhaphy

penrose drain

Endoscopes are damaged by the high temperature and moisture of the steam sterilization process. The preferred methods that do not damage the endoscopes are

peracetic acid, EtO, and glutaraldehyde

The pneumoperitoneum is established during a laparoscopic procedure to prevent

perforation of intestine

Before donning the sterile gown and gloves, the surgical technologist must

perform scrub to surgically clean hands and arms

what type of drape would be used for a vaginal or rectal procedure

perineal drape

Absorbable suture is generally preferred in suturing what type of tissue

periosteum

intestinal motilitiy

peristalsis

While answering the plaintiff's lawyers questions, the surgical technologist purposefully provides false information referred to as

perjury

stirrups that are not padded or improperly placed on the OR table can cause pressure on the

peroneal nerve

A catheter placed into the stomach during a gastrostomy procedure is

pezzer

A curved transverse incision across the lower abdomen used frequently in gynecological surgery is

pfannenstiel

What incision is most commonly used for a C-section

pfannenstiel

uses ultrasonic energy to fragment the lens

phacoemulsification

Which process is an active transport mechanism

phagocytosis

What condition affects the medulla of the adrenal gland and causes the overproduction of adrenaline

pheochromocytoma

The primary consideration in selecting an appropriate anesthetic agent is the

physiologic condition of the patient

Of the five levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which is most applicable to the surgical patient

physiological

innermost meningeal layer

pia mater

Cell drinking is called

pinocytosis

What term refers to the up and down movement of the robotic arm

pitch

During a laminectomy, disk material is removed with

pituitary rongeur

Instruments used during a laminectomy

pituitary rongeur, bone drill, nerve hook

Transsphenoidal hypophysectomy is performed for

pituitary tumor

A surgical technologist is transporting several sterile instrument sets to the sterile storage area in the surgery department. She notices that some of the sets have expiration dates and removes the labels with the date, some sets are not used very often, and drops a package on the floor wrapped in an impervious wrapper. What can be accomplished for those instrument sets that are not often used

place dust cover over set

If a culture cannot immediately be sent ot the laboratory, what action should be taken

place in saline

As part of the OR decontamination after a procedure, the suction canister containing blood and body fluids should be

placed in biohazard bag

Medical term for the abnormal implantation of the placenta in the uterus so that it covers the cervical internal os

placenta previa

Most effective mechanical method of controlling bleeding occurring from needle holes in vessel anastomoses

pledget

What lies between the lung and the chest wall

pleura

Which membrane lines the thoracic cavity

pleura membrane

Most absorbable sutures are packaged in an alcohol water solution to maintain their

pliability

Lasers, power drills, and electrosurgical units can produce a _____ of vaporized tissue

plume

Which procedure is removal of an entire lung

pneumonectomy

What test can the ST perform is check a fiberoptic cable for damage

point cable toward a light to confirm dark spots

A suture used in tendon repair is

polydioxanone

What suture is absorbable and offers extended wound support

polydioxanone

The least inert of all the synthetic meshes is

polyester fiber mesh

An excellent substitute that provides strength and nonreactivity in tissues where stainless steel cannot be used is

polypropylene

Which suture is the least reactive of all synthetic suture materials

polypropylene

What type of mesh should the ST have available if a patient has infected, necrosed tissue for a hernia repair

polypropylene mesh

The procedure to correct intrahepatic obstruction is

portacaval shunt

The air pressure in the OR should be

positive

A diagnostic test that examines blood flow and metabolic functions of the heart and brain is

positron emission tomography

Most anesthetic agents are

potentially lethal

The scissors commonly used to extend the arteriotomy during an endarterectomy is a

potts smith

When performing an abdominal prep the umbilicus is

prepped last or separately

What type of dressing may be used when applying a sterile dressing to a skin graft site

pressure dressing

Prior to the insertion of mandibular wires, what should be accomplished by the surgical technologist

prestretch the wires

In the lateral chest position, a sandbag or padding is placed under the chest at axillary level to

prevent pressure on the lower arm

bolsters are used with retention sutures to

prevent suture from cutting skin

An appendectomy incision closed using suture is considered to be which type of wound closure

primary intention

When should the first closing sponge, instrument, and sharp count be completed

prior to closure of the body cavity

What are some liver functions

produce bile, detoxification, metabolize fats and proteins

What statement best describes the correct technique for flipping a sterile item enclosed in a peel pack pouch onto the stile field

project item to avoid reaching over stile back table

A drug used to reverses the effect of muscle relaxants is

prostigmin

What is the role of the first scrub surgical technologist if a surgical patient experiences a cardiac arrest during a surgical procedure

protect sterile field from contamination

malaria and amoebic dysentery are caused by

protozoa

What is the first priority in an emergency situation when treating a patient

provide patient airway

A fleshy encroachment of conjunctiva onto the cornea is

pterygium

A procedure performed in patients with empyema is called

pulmonary decortication

To help prevent toxicity and vascular events in a patient where polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is used, which of the following devices should a surgical technologist have available

pulse lavage

What type of monitoring equipment is a noninvasive assessment of the oxygen saturation level of arterial blood

pulse oximetry

The electrical component of the heart that causes contraction of the ventricles is the

purkinje fibers

Which type of suture technique is used to invert the stump of the appendix during an appendectomy

purse string

What other procedure is performed with vagotomy

pyloroplasty

An ST has been asked to serve as a preceptor to a new employee in the OR. If the surgeon becomes irritated or anxious because of the new employee's lack of experience, what action should be taken

quietly coach the new employee in the background

In the prone position, which nerve could be compressed against the humuerus

radial

The procedure performed to improve the vision of patients with myopia

radial keratotomy

A form of contrast media used within the body that is visible when exposed to x-ray

radiopaque

A forceps commonly used to remove gallstones from the common bile duct during an open cholecystectomy is

randall

A type of scalp clip is

raney

A critical component of a disaster plan that impacts the operating room is the

receiving area and triage of patients

During a thyroidectomy, the nerve that must be preserved is the

recurrent laryngeal

A pneumatic tourniquet may be used for extremity surgery to

reduce blood loss

Ethylene oxide is mixed with carbon dioxide to

reduce flammability of EtO

mannitol is used in neurosurgery to

reduce swelling of the brain tissue

The purpose of the surgical hand scrub is to

reduce the number of microorganisms

The primary purpose of chest tubes is to

reestablish negative pressure

After gowning and gloving, a surgeon activates the DuraPrep applicator and proceeds to prep the patient for surgery. Which of the following is the best action to take at this time

regown and reglove the surgeon

pneumonectomy

removal of a lung

Total abdominal hysterectomy refers to

removal of the uterus and cervix

What is the proper action to be taken when a sponge package contains the incorrect number of sponges

remove package from OR

Which of the following types of specimens would not be placed in a preservative solution A. Uterus B. Renal calculi C. Tonsils D. Colon

renal calculi

A radiopaque contrast medium used in surgery is

renografin

What legal concept would apply if an instrument is left in a patient

res ipsa loquitur

A patient is scheduled to undergo corrective surgery for strabismus. The surgeon determines that she will perform a recession. What is the name of the other corrective procedure that can be performed

resection

What surgical instrument is used to visualize the prostate and remove prostate tissue during a TURP

resectoscope

Staphylococcus normally found on the skin is an example of

resident flora

Microorganisms that habitually live in the epidermis deep in the crevices and folds of the skin are

resident microorganisms

How should instruments with lumens be prepared for steam sterilization

residual amount of distilled water left in lumen

What term refers to the robot's ability to differentiate between two objects

resolution

A condition that causes the sudden onset of the appearance of floating spots before the eye is

retinal detachment

An abnormal bending backward of the uterus is called

retroflexion

Denis Browne ring retractors may be used for

retropubic prostatectomy

A surgeon will be performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and prefers access ports located in the patient's midline. Once the trocars and manipulator have been placed, in what position is the OR table placed?

reverse trendelenburg

The surgical position commonly used for thyroid and gallbladder surgery is

reverse trendelenburg

The surgical resection of the dorsal root of a spinal nerve to relieve pain is called

rhizotomy

The endocardial lead of a permanent pacemaker is placed in the

right atrium

A surgeon asks a surgical technologist to place a drop of mydriatic solution in OD. As a result of this medication the pupil of the

right eye will dilate

What term is used to refer to the rotating movement of the robotic arm

roll

What can be accomplished when positioning the patient for a thyroidectomy to facilitate exposure of the surgical site

rolled sheet placed under shoulders

During a repair of cheiloschisis, the procedure in which tissue from the cheek is used to cover the defect is

rotational advancement cheiloplasty

Why is it important for a patient who will be undergoing a cystoscopy to void prior to the beginning of the procedure

rule out residual urine in the bladder

implant that can be used to treat a lateral malleolar fracture

rusch rod

The joint between the trapezium of the carpus and metacarpal of the thumb is an example of what kind of joint

saddle joint

When using the automated cellsaver, what solution is mixed with the red blood cells when pumped into the reinfusion bag

saline

When handing drapes to the surgeon, where should the first scrub surgical technologist stand in relation to the surgeon

same side of the OR table

The instrument commonly used to clamp the aorta during an abdominal aneurysmectomy is a

satinsky

the angled curvatures of what clamp make it ideal for clamping the vena cava during cardiovascular procedures

satinsky clamp

Hair removed during preparation for cranial surgery should be

saved because it is personal property

Which node is an important site for metastasis from the lungs and is a frequent site for biopsy

scalene

The raney clip is a type of

scalp clip

instrument used to grasp the cervix during a D & C

schroeder

what nerve could be damaged when the patient is placed in fowler's position

sciatic

The procedure of choice for a detached retina is

scleral buckling

phagocytosis by the white blood cells is an example of the body's

second line of defense

The healing process in which a wound is purposely left open and allowed to heal from the bottom up is called

secondary intention

Tissue granulation occurs during

secondary intention wound healing

What is the function of the adrenal cortex

secrete hormones

What is the function of the bartholin's glands

secrete lubrication

A drug used to soothe and relieve anxiety is a/an

sedative

What should the ST have available when mixing methyl methacrylate

self contained evacuation system

If the surgeon's preference card listed a bookwalter or omnitract, what type of instrument would be used

self retaining retractor

The nerves first affected when a local anesthetic drug is administered are

sensory

unexpected occurrence that involves physiologic or psychologic injury or death

sentinel event

A common fear of pediatric patients that the ST must address is

separation from parents

Surgical correction of a deviated septum is a

septoplasty

what is the correct order from the outermost to the innermost layer of the tissues that compose the wall of the stomach and small intestine

serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa

What is the name of the procedure in which a collar suture is placed at the level of the internal cervical os to prevent spontaneous abortion

shirodkar procedure or cerclage

Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol)

short acting narcotic opioid given intramuscularly for premedication

What type of cast would a fractured metacarpal require

short arm cast

A putti platt procedure is performed on the

shoulder

What device is used when placing a patient in the operative position for a thyroidectomy

shoulder roll

Correct skin preparation for a female patient undergoing a right mastectomy with possible axillary dissection

shoulder, upper arm and extending down to the elbow, axilla, chest to the table line, and to the left shoulder

The procedure to treat hydrocephalus is

shunt

What suture would not be used in the presence of infection

silk

Wrinkle free padding is applied to an extremity before application of a tourniquet to avoid

skin injuries

When entering the abdominal cavity what is the order of contact with the layers of tissue

skin, subcutaneous, fascia, muscle, peritoneum

Plaster rolls for casting should be submerged in

slightly warm water

What is the proper method of preparing a frazier suction tip of steam sterilization

small amount of distilled water left in lumen

Surgical trauma to the first and second cranial nerves would cause the loss of

smell and sight

Strike thorough is used aseptically to describe

soaking of moisture from unsterile to sterile layers

Which drug counteracts metabolic acidosis

sodium bicarbonate

malacia

softening

What type of laser has the most power output

solid state

Ultrasound is an example of the medical application of the physics principle of

sound waves

The incomplete closure of the vertebral arches in the newborn is

spina bifida

A method of anesthesia in which medication is injected into the subarachnoid space affecting a portion of the spinal cord is called

spinal block

Luque rods are used for

spinal deformities

Spiral-shaped bacteria are identified as

spirilla

A left subcostal incision indicates surgery of the

spleen

The organ that often sustains an incidental injury during a transverse colectomy is the

spleen

A skin graft that consists of the epidermis and half of the dermis is a

split thickness

A type of suture that has a high tensile strength and supports a wound indefinitely is

stainless steel

Most commonly used for wound closure in the presence of infection

stainless steel

What endoscopic procedure is performed on females with stress incontinence that results in suspending the fascia of the bladder to the rectus fascia with sutures

stamey

Endoscopic suspension of the vesical neck of the bladder for treatment of stress incontinence is known as a

stamey procedure

A description of conduct that is expected of every surgical technologist in a given circumstance is referred to as

standard of care

What guidelines were established by OSHA and the CDC to reduce the risk to health care providers of disease transmission from blood and body fluids

standard precautions

Fine hooks available in varying angles are essential dissecting tools to perform a

stapedectomy

What pathogen is most commonly associated with surgical wound infections

staphylococcus aureus

A concern of the OR that can be a source of ignition is

static electricity

Law that is due to the action of a legislature is called

statutory law

Which method of sterilization is the most inexpensive, economical, and safest

steam

Instruments should be placed in perforated trays for sterilization to allow

steam to penetrate

Which dressing is ideal for neck procedures

stent

Identify the most common practice related to the order of performing the sponge, instrument, and sharp counts

sterile field, mayo stand, off the sterile field

During a bronchoscopy, which solution is preferred for bronchial washing specimens

sterile saline

. Which of the following 3-L irrigating solution bags will the technologist monitor for continuous flow in the cystoscopic biopsy of a bladder tumor

sterile water

During a mastectomy, which irrigating solution is used on the muscle layer due to its hypotonic properties

sterile water

A surgical technologist is transporting several sterile instrument sets to the sterile storage area in the surgery department. She notices that some of the sets have expiration dates and removes the labels with the date, some sets are not used very often, and drops a package on the floor wrapped in an impervious wrapper. What is the reason for the removal of the expiration dates

sterility is event related

The complete destruction of all living organisms is known as

sterilization

which scissors are easily recognized by the tips with the slight indentation and are used to dissect delicate tissue

stevens tenotomy scissors

An unopened sterile pack of lap sponges is left in the OR at the end of a procedure. What action should be taken

store in sterile storage room

The inability to direct both eyes at the same object is called

strabismus

How is the tunnel under the ocular muscle created

strabismus hook placed under muscle and lifted up

An irreducible hernia in which the abdominal contents have become necrotic is called

strangulated

A small pad placed under a patient's head in the supine position allows which muscles to relax?

strap

Spherically shaped bacteria that occur in chains are referred to as

streptococci

A bacteria that is gram positive

streptococcus

Which bacteria causes rheumatic fever

streptococcus

To prevent cross contamination, masks should be handled by the

strings only

The incision used for splenectomy is

subcostal

What type of incision is typically used for an open cholecystectomy

subcostal

Which incision would be used to gain access to the spleen

subcostal

Suture technique that features short lateral stitches that are taken beneath the epithelial layer of the skin

subcuticular

An encapsulated collection of blood over a cerebral hemisphere producing intracranial pressure, is call a

subdural hematoma

Posterior fossa exploration is facilitated through what approach

suboccipital

What agent may trigger hyperthermia

succinylcholine

What would need to be included in the set up for an incomplete abortion

suction curettage

What type of tube can be inserted and left in place for continual gastric aspiration

sump tube

The position most commonly used for mitral valve replacement is

supine

What position is used for a cesarean section

supine with bolster under right side

How is the patient positioned for a knee arthroscopy

supine, knee at lower break of OR table

The neuroglia are cells that

support and protect

what type of procedure would require a masson judd retractor

suprapubic prostatectomy

A mediastinoscopy would require an incision in the

suprasternal notch

In the operating room what should be used to protect the computer from high electric voltages

surge protector

The ultimate responsibility of obtaining the general consent belongs to the

surgeon

Who is ultimately responsible for the surgical patient

surgeon

when moving a patient with an unsplinted fracture, protecting the fracture is the responsibility of the

surgeon

The term that describes the concept that each surgical team member is accountable for his/her actions and does not hesitate in admitting a break in aseptic technique is/are

surgical conscience

Which term refers to the level of honesty and integrity that every surgical technologist must uphold in the delivery of quality patient care

surgical conscience

A mutagenic and carcinogenic hazard of laser use is

surgical plume

centesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid

Items that are mechanically cleaned and chemically disinfected, but not sterile are said to be

surgically clean

A specialty treated form of surgical gauze that is a hemostatic agent is

surgicel

rrphaphy

suturing

A stick tie is a

swaged needle

Tissue trauma is best minimized using a

swaged on suture

What type of catheter is used to monitor the central venous pressure

swan ganz

The division of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for the fight or flight response is the

sympathetic nervous system

What type of catheter should the surgical technologist have available for placement in the CBD

t-tube

What type of drain is best used for the biliary system

t-tube

symptoms of shock

tachycardia, cold clammy skin, and increased respirations

What surgical instrument is used to prepare the drilled hole for the screw during and ORIF

tap

The type of needle point used on peritoneum and intestine is

taper

What type of needle is used on tissue of the gastrointestinal tract

taper

An inherited CNS disease that involves degeneration of the CNS is

tay-sachs

What term is used to refer to remotely controlled robots

telechir

What term is used to refer to performing surgery at a distance with robotic arms

telesurgery

best choice of graft material for a tympanoplasty

temporalis fascia

What type of catheter is used for the infusion of chemotherapeutic agents in the abdomen

tenckhoff

What type of catheter is used for the infusion of dialysis fluid into the peritoneal cavity

tenckhoff

connective tissue that fastens muscle to bone

tendon

The measure of weight required to break a suture is its

tensile strength

What can happen if retractors are improperly placed during pelvic surgery

the femoral nerve can be damaged

What dilator is used to dilate the external os of the cervix prior to performing a D and C or suction curettage

the hank uterine dilator

When the current passes through the active electrode, the energy is converted from electrical to

thermal

The laser is a

thermal method of hemostasis

If an item wrapped in an impervious wrapper drops to the floor, what action should be taken

they can be used immediately if not wet but should not be placed back on the shelf

The degree of burn that destroys all layers of the skin and includes subcutaneous tissue is

third

the operative stage of anesthetia is the

third stage

removal of air and or blood from the pleural cavity by means of an aspiration needle is called

thoracentesis

Scoliosis is most commonly found in which curve of the vertebral column

thoracic

The pathology in which the subclavian artery is compressed resulting in severe ischemia of the arm is a type of

thoracic outlet syndrome

A postoperative complication in gynecologic surgery resulting from the patient being placed in the lithotomy position is

thrombosis

Arteriovenous (AV)fistula is preferred over an external shunt for long term dialysis because of a decreased chance of

thrombosis

Tetany is a possible postoperative complication following a

thyroidectomy

When performing a laparascopic cholecystectomy on an obese patient what can be done to create additional space between the elbow of the robotic arm and the patient

tilt mechanism

steroids are used for reduction of

tissue inflammation and swelling

What system automatically adjusts the current of the electrosurgical unit and reduces the need to adjust the power settings for different types of tissue

tissue response monitoring system

. During a lumbar laminectomy, the surgeon will deepen the wound along the each side of the vertebral column by packing a large number of unfolded Ray-Tec® sponges with a Cobb periosteal elevator. What is the main purpose of this procedural step?

to aid in hemostasis and exposure of the vertebrae by retracting the larger muscles of the back

Glossectomy is removal of

tongue

Intraocular pressue is measured with the use of a

tonometer

A #12 knife blade on a #7 handle is most commonly used for what type of surgery

tonsillectomy

Yankauer suction tip, hurd dissector and pillar retractor, and schnidt forceps are used during what procedure

tonsillectomy

In a gravity displacement sterilizer, steam enters the chamber through the

top back

Tetracaine (pontocaine) is an example of what kind of anesthetic

topical

What procedure would require the postoperative use on an abduction splint

total hip arthroplasty

Methyl methacrylate would most likely be used on

total knee arthroplasty

When placing a sterile drape on a small table, the surgical technologist should first drape by unfolding

towards self

After fixing a mandibular fracture what should the surgical team be ready to perform in the immediate postoperative period

tracheostomy if the patient experiences respiratory difficulties due to obstruction by swelling

What type of surgical procedure is performed to treat tumors of the pituitary gland

transphenoidal hypophysectomy

The procedure in which the ulnar nerve is moved from the ulnar groove position on the posterior of the humerus to the anterior of the humeral condyle is called a

transposition

Which structure is separated first when a paramedian incision is performed

transverse abdominis

What type of drape would be used for a kidney procedure

transverse drape

During a pedicle flap mammoplasty reconstruction , a commonly used muscle is the

transverse rectus abdominis

The most common cause of retinal detachment is

trauma

in a cardiac arrest, atropine might be administered to

treat severe bradycardia

Lidocaine is used intravenously for

treatment of cardiac arrhythmias

Syphilis is caused by

treponema pallidum

Which organism is not associated with wound infection

treponema pallidum

What agent is commonly used when performing a patient skin prep of the eye

triclosan

What procedure is performed to correct talipes valgus or talipes varus

triple arthrodesis

An acid fast test is used to identify

tuberculosis

What would a HUMI cannula be used for

tuboplasty

When wrapping an item with either woven or nonwoven wrap, how many wrappers should be used

two

A minor requires emergency surgery, but the parents or closest living relatives cannot be contacted. What procedure should be followed for securing a consent for surgery

two consulting physicians agree and neither can be the operating surgeon

Method that is utilized to remove small organic particles and solids from the box locks, serrations, and ratchets of instruments

ultrasonic washer

The laparoscope with attached video camera is inserted through which port during a laparoscopic choleycystectomy

umbilical

When performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a robotic arm, what anatomical landmark is used to line up the endoscope

umbilicus

During general anesthesia, the patient is

unconscious

Cryptorchidism is

undecscended testes

A surgeon is performing a procedure to repair damage from a gunshot wound to the chest. What type of drain should the ST have available at the end of the procedure

underwater

Which technique is not acceptable when draping

unfold drape before bringing up to the OR table

Which area on the surgical gown is not considered sterile?

upper arms and shoulders

An approach to the sella turcica for a transsphenoidal hypophsectomy

upper gum margin

Whistle, braasch, and blasucci are all types of

ureteral catheter tips

The most common nosocomial infections are

urinary infections with catheter use

After inserting the foley catheter and prior to inflating the balloon, what should be confirmed

urine flow into drainage bag

An important psychological factor as related to pediatric patients is

use of language

Ulnar nerve damage could result from

use of unpadded armboard

Oxytocic drugs cause

uterine contractions

What instrument is used during a femoropopliteall bypass that removes valves from the saphenous vein

valvulotome

Instrument used to dilate the urethra

van buren

The high ligation of the gonadal veins of the testes done to reduce venous plexus congestion is a

varicocelectomy

The surgical reanastomosis of the vas deferens is called a

vasovasostomy

What is commonly inserted into the tympanic incision to maintain proper pressure between the outside of the ear and inner ear

ventilation tubes

Where are Papillary muscles found

ventricles of the heart

lidocaine 1% is used to treat

ventricular dysrhythmia

A pneumoperitoneum is established during a laparoscopy through the use of the

verres needle

During an anterior cervical fusion, a bone graft is taken in order to fuse the

vertebral body

Which incision is generally preferred for abdominal surgery because it offers excellent exposure

vertical midline

Name a biological monitor

vial with B stearothermophilus

Another name for polyglaction 910 is

vicryl

scopy

viewing

The smallest microorganisms is

virus

the smallest living microorganism that must live within another cell is a

virus

layers of the uterine wall

visceral peritoneum, myometrium, endometrium

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is performed to

visualize biliary and pancreatic tracts

what vitamin is essential to the synthesis of prothrombin by the liver and is a valuable hemostatic agent

vitamin k

Fragmatome, octutome, and membrane peeler/cutter are instruments used for

vitrectomy

Removal of portion or all of the vitreous gel

vitrectomy

An environmental hazard of the operating room that has been associated with the risk of spontaneous abortion is

waste anesthetic gases

Some substances that are absorbed in the stomach are:

water, electrolytes, certain drugs, and alcohol

Syndactly refers to

webbed digits

An item used to wrap an extremity prior to casting and clings to itself is

webril

The procedure most commonly performed for the excision of small peripherally located lesions of the lung is

wedge resection

The self retaining retractor used during femoral popliteal bypass is

weitlaner

What supplies must be available during a laser laryngoscopy

wet sponges, towels, and sterile water

What surgical instrument should accompany the patient with a wired jaw to the PACU

wire cutter

endo

within

anaerobic means

without oxygen

Aseptic

without sepsis

Second intention healing involves

wound granulation

A right and left movement of the robotic arm is called

yaw

The result of fertilization of gametes is a

zygote