CST Final Exam

If friends become sexually attracted to each other, it is best to end the friendship at that point (T/F)

False

True

It is common to feel multiple emotions at the same time (T/F)

False

​Some researchers assert that humans experience only one kind of emotions which are based in biology and thus instinctual and universal (T/F)

A. endorsement

​The strongest level of confirmation is: ​A. endorsement ​B. acknowledgment ​C. recognition ​D. evaluation ​E. description

D. supplemental family

According to Braithwaite et al., which type of voluntary kin fulfills desires and needs not met by biological and legal family?​ ​A. convenience family ​B. substitute family ​C. extended family ​D. supplemental family ​E. interdependent family

The three secondary styles of love are :​ ​A. infatuation, lust, and expressive. B. ​like, lust, and vibrance. ​C. pragma, mania, and agape. D. eros, storge, and ludos. ​E. eros, agape, and amor.

C. pragma, mania, and agape

This occurs when we refrain from expressing feelings, particularly negative ones. Example: when we have a relationship with someone more powerful than us, we might suppress complaints or expressions of dissasisfaction/ anger because of fear of punishment.

Chilling Effect

A. committed

Chris says he loves Betsy, but he's not sure they have a future together. Chris's feelings toward Betsy indicate he loves her but isn't: ​A. committed. ​B. invested. ​C. trusting. ​D. self-disclosing. E. ​autonomous.

When communicating about safe sex with a romantic partner, it is sufficient to ask the person if they have an STD (T/F)

False

When friendships deteriorate or suffer serious violations, communication changes in unpredictable ways (T/F)

False

This is the feeling of closeness, connection, and tenderness.

Intimacy

Opposing forces, or tensions, that are continuous and normal in personal relationships

Relational Dialects

This can both build and reflect trust between people. This is an intentional revlelation of personal information about oursleves that others are unlikley to discover in other ways.

Self-Disclosure

True

Sexual orientation doesn't seem to be a major influence on how people see and deal with conflict (T/F)

D. problem orientation

The counterpoint to control is:​ ​A. description ​B. provisionalism ​C. spontaneity ​D. problem orientation ​E. equality

The likelihood of sustaining a long-distance friendship depends in part on socioeconomic class (T/F)

True

False

When expressing emotions, it is best to be as general as possible (T/F)

False

​Conflict is inherently negative (T/F)

In the ________ phase of romantic relationship deterioration, relational partners may begin to consider alternatives to the relationship.​ A. ​social support ​B. intrapsychic ​C. grave dressing ​D. dyadic ​E. dyadic breakdown

B. intrapsychic

Friendships generally begin with:​ A.​frequent self-disclosure. ​B. role-limited interaction. C. ​working out rules for interaction. D. ​stabilized friendship. E. ​friendly relations.

B. role-limited interaction

One of the two dimensions of trust is:​ A. ​a willingness to invest. ​B. natural spontaneity. ​C. emotional reliability. ​D. intimacy. E. ​positive regard

C. emotional reliability

True

Conflict can be beneficial for individuals and relationships (T/F)

Have high conversation orientation and high conformity orientation

Consensual Families

​Unlike most relationships, friendships: A. ​do not change culture to culture. ​B. are legitimized by special ceremonies. ​C. are governed by formal standards. ​D. have an institutionalized structure. ​E. are voluntary.

E. are voluntary

Which one of the following statements is true about violence and abuse in romantic relationships? ​A. Only women can be targets of violence and abuse. ​B. Violence and abuse happens in marriages, but rarely between dating partners. ​C. Violence is rare in heterosexual cohabiting couples. ​D. All abuse in romantic relationships is physical. ​E. Many people do not report violent or abusive incidents.

E. many people do not report violent or abusive incidents

A. certainty

Ethnocentrism is one form of ________ communication.​ ​A. certainty ​B. problem-oriented ​C. effective ​D. strategic ​E. neutral

False

Expressing feelings is always advisable (T/F)

True

Failing to acknowledge another person's feelings or thoughts disconfirms him or her (T/F)

While men and women differ in many aspects of friendship, they tend to support their friends in the same basic ways (T/F)

False

False

It is best to address conflict right away, even if one person is tired or you're in a public setting (T/F)

E. hide the real issues in a conflict

​According to Eric Berne, games: ​A. are effective ways to manage conflict. ​B. involve overt responses to conflict situations. ​C. help people recognize conflicts. ​D. allow those in conflict to handle disagreements in fun ways. ​E. hide the real issues in a conflict.

This is clearly and nonjudgementally stating what you feel, need, or want

Assertion

The nature and dynamics of friendships change throughout life. All of the following statements are supported by research about these dynamics EXCEPT:​ A. toddlers may grieve when a friend moves away. ​B. adolescent females tend to define their friends as groups of people. C. ​friendships in middle adult years tend to be difficult to sustain. D. elderly people tend to value long term friends with whom they can relive memories. ​E. young children tend to think of friendships primarily in terms of their own needs.

B. adolescent females tend to define their friends as groups of people

Qualities that set committed romantic relationships apart from other close relationships include: A. ​self-disclosure. ​B. assumed permanence. ​C. social support. ​D. replaceablity.

B. assured permanence

noting that an issue arising in the course of conflict should be discussed later.

Bracketing

False

Emotional intelligence is the ability to listen supportively when other people share their feelings (T/F)

C. empathy

The counterpoint to neutrality is: ​A. description ​B. provisionalism ​C. empathy ​D. problem orientation ​E. equality

True

The interactive view of emotions rests on three key concepts: framing rules, feeling rules, and emotion work (T/F)

C. framing

"Memorial Day parades are patriotic, yet sad events," is an example of a(n) ________ rule.​ ​A. feeling ​B. emotion ​C. framing ​D. cognitive ​E. social

E. counterfit emotional language

"Stop bothering me!" and "I feel we should work as a team" are examples of:​ ​A. emotional investments. ​B. irrational beliefs. ​C. social values. ​D. concretely identifying emotions. ​E. counterfeit emotional language.

low conversation, high conformity

Protective Families

True

A good first step in responding constructively to criticism is to seek more information (T/F)

True

A majority of lesbian couples create more egalitarian relationships than do either heterosexuals or gay men (T/F)

False

A person who controls outward expression of his or her feelings but does not control the inner feelings is engaging in deep acting (T/F)

​According to research reports discussed in the textbook, the greatest influences on interpersonal attraction are: A. ​attractiveness, proximity, and similarity. ​B. proximity, similarity, and love style. ​C. similarity, love style, and trust. ​D. love style, trust, and passion. E. ​trust, passion, and nonverbal cues.

A. attractiveness, proximity, and similarity

Similar to the perceptual view but offers a better explanation of how we move from experience to interetation. the mechanism that allows this is LANGUAGE.

Cognative View of Emotions

This is a deciesion to stay in a relationship, this is a decision, not a feeling.

Commitment

This involves believing in another's reliability (that he or she will do as promised) and another's effort to look out for our welfare and our relationship.

Trust

The clearest indication that a friendship is in the waning stage is:​ A. ​less quality and quantity of communication. ​B. attempts to seek common ground during conflict. ​C. involving others in activities and conversations. ​D. relying more on general stereotypes and scripts. E. ​working out rules for interacting.

A. less quality and quantity of communication

E. autonomy/connection

According to relationships counselors, the most central and continuous tension in the majority of close relationships arises from which of the following dialectical tensions?​ ​A. novelty/predictability ​B. commitment/love ​C. trust/dependence ​D. openness/closedness ​E. autonomy/connection

A. indirectly letting the other party know your bottom line

All of the following are American styles of business negotiation EXCEPT: ​A. indirectly letting the other party know your bottom line ​B. being adversarial ​C. working to win all you can ​D. overstating your initial position to establish a strong image ​E. keeping your bottom line secret from the other person to preserve power and gain the most

D. looking for points of disagreement

All of the following are conflict management skills EXCEPT: ​A. listening mindfully. ​B. communicating supportively. ​C. owning your feelings, thoughts, and issues. ​D. looking for points of disagreement. ​E. imagining how you will feel in the future.

A. counterproposals

All of the following are forms of constructive communication EXCEPT: ​A. counterproposals ​B. sensitive listening ​C. compromises ​D. dual perspective ​E. asking for clarification

E. conflict is typically destructive for individuals and relationships

All of the following are included in the five principles of interpersonal conflict EXCEPT:​ ​A. Conflict is both natural and inevitable in interpersonal relationships ​B. Conflict can be directly communicated or covertly expressed through indirect communication ​C. Conflict styles and meanings are shaped by social location--membership in cultures and social communities ​D. Conflict influences its resolution and its impact on interpersonal climates ​E. Conflict is typically destructive for individuals and relationships

People socialized in masculine speech communities tend to achieve closeness in interpersonal relationships primarily through:​ ​A. dialogue. B. ​sharing activities. ​C. self-disclosure. ​D. confiding secrets. E. nonverbal communication.

B. sharing activities

C. words, thoughts, and emotions

Clifford Notarius (1996) identified the following three key elements that influence satisfaction in long-term relationships:​ ​A. feelings, behaviors, and words. ​B. behaviors, words, and thoughts. C. ​words, thoughts, and emotions. ​D. thoughts, emotions, and actions. ​E. emotions, actions, and reactions.

D. agenda building

Constructive conflict communication includes: ​ A. preoccupation with oneself ​B. hostile mindreading ​C. as much metacommunication as possible ​D. agenda building ​E. frequent interruptions

A. cross-complaining

During an argument about money, Desi says, "Well, if you hadn't wrecked the car, it wouldn't need repairs and money wouldn't be a problem." Consuela replies, "Yeah, and if you had been home when you said you'd be, I wouldn't have driven that day." Desi and Consuela are engaging in what conflict pattern? ​A. cross-complaining ​B. excessive metacommunication ​C. self-summarizing ​D. making counterproposals ​E. kitchen-sinking

Which primary expectation of friendship seems to be universal?​ ​A. emotional expressiveness ​B. warmth C. ​respect ​D. courtesy ​E. trust

E. trust

One indication that a friendship is in the nascent stage is that participants:​ ​A. have less quality and quantity of communication. ​B. attempt to seek common ground during conflict. ​C. involve others in activities and conversations. ​D. rely more on general stereotypes and scripts. ​E. work out private rules for interacting

E. work out private rules for interacting

B. explicitly expressing disagreement

Each of the following are Japanese styles of business negotiation EXCEPT:​ ​A. avoiding confrontation ​B. explicitly expressing disagreement ​C. working to make sure that both parties succeed ​D. planning to spend a long time discussing issues before moving toward a decision ​E. understating your own initial position

Many lesbians place prioritize physical characteristics in their partners over personality (T/F)

False

tell us what we have a right to feel or what we are expected to feel in particular situations. Feeling rules reflect and perpetuate the values of cultures and social groups. Example: some cultures view feeling and expressing anger as healthy.

Feeling Rules

False

Feeling rules define the emotional meaning of situations (T/F)

This is excessively insulting another person online, often using language that is derogatory or obscene.

Flaming

C. selection

Giving priority to one dialectal need and neglecting the other is known as:​ A. ​neutralization. ​B. separation. ​C. selection. ​D. reciprocal. ​E. aggression.

False

In a conflict situation, it is most important to focus on the content level of meaning rather than the relationship level of meaning (T/F)

True

In a game called "blemish", one person pretends to complimentary but actually puts the other person down (T/F)

False

It is important to use as much metacommunication as possible during conflict (T/F)

True

One advantage to conflict in digital environments is that it is easy to step back and choose to resolve the conflict when we have cooled off (T/F)

A. honor one need and ignore the other

Research indicates that in general the LEAST effective and LEAST satisfying response to the tension generated by relational dialectics is to:​ ​A. honor one need and ignore the other ​B. compromise to meet both needs somewhat but to meet neither need completely ​C. meet each need sequentially, first one and then the other ​D. consider both needs as not being in opposition ​E. bring in a third party, such as a therapist, to help address the tension

C. asking questions for clarification

Specific communication behaviors that contribute to unproductive interpersonal conflict include all of the following EXCEPT: ​A. disconfirmation ​B. hostile mindreading ​C. asking questions for clarification ​D. self-summarizing ​E. offering counterproposals

E. autonomy/connection

Tabitha wants some time alone because she feels a need to get in touch with herself as an individual. However, her partner wants them to spend as much time together as possible. The tension in this example illustrates the ________ relational dialectic.​ A. ​novelty/predictability ​B. commitment/love ​C. trust/dependence ​D. openness/closedness ​E. autonomy/connection

D. neglect

The ________ response to interpersonal conflict is both destructive and passive.​ ​ A. exit ​B. voice ​C. loyalty ​D. neglect ​E. ambush

D. problem orientation

The counterpoint to control is:​ ​ A. description ​B. provisionalism ​C. spontaneity ​D. problem orientation ​E. equality

A. description

The counterpoint to evaluation is:​ ​A. description ​B. provisionalism ​C. spontaneity ​D. problem orientation ​E. equality

C. spotaneity

The counterpoint to strategy is:​ ​A. description. ​B. provisionalism. ​C. spontaneity. D. ​problem orientation. ​E. equality.

B. voice

The most active and interpersonally constructive response to relational conflict is the ________ response. ​ A. exit ​B. voice ​C. loyalty ​D. neglect ​E. ambush

C. loyalty

The most interpersonally constructive but passive response to relational conflict is the ________ response.​ ​A. exit ​B. voice ​C. loyalty ​D. neglect ​E. ambush

False

The win-win conflict style is the best approach for every relationship and situation (T/F)

A small self-disclosure is one way to indicate that you'd like to become friends with an acquaintance (T/F)

True

Misunderstandings between friends arise out of our interpretations of others' behaviors, not the behaviors themselves (T/F)

True

Most friendships face the challenge of distance, and many don't survive it (T/F)

True

New acquaintances tend to rely on general scripts and stereotypes in their interactions (T/F)

True

When people become friends, the touchstone of that stage is the assumption of continuity (T/F)

True

False

Well over 50% of people over the age of 24 are married (T/F)

E. ignore criticisms

Which statement does NOT provide good advice for sustaining a confirming climate?​ ​A. Actively use communication to build confirming climates. ​B. Accept and validate others. ​C. Affirm and assert yourself. ​D. Respect diversity in relationships. ​E. Ignore criticisms.

E. grace involves forgiving someone for something they did

Which statement is true of grace?​ ​A. Grace is always an appropriate approach. ​B. Grace includes an expectation of some kind of payback. ​C. Grace is an obligation rather than a choice. ​D. Grace means letting others have their way when there is no other alternative. ​E. Grace involves forgiving someone for something they did.

B. provisionalism

Which type of communication involves openness to other points of view?​ ​A. description ​B. provisionalism ​C. spontaneity ​D. problem orientation ​E. equality

C. spotaneity

Which type of communication is confirming because it feels open, honest, and unpremeditated?​ ​A. description ​B. provisionalism ​C. spontaneity ​D. problem orientation ​E. equality

B. middle

​The ________ stages of constructive conflict is marked by what Gottman calls agenda building. ​A. early B. ​middle C. ​later ​D. exit ​E. imaginary

False

When we disagree with someone, we disconfirm her or him (T/F)

B. physiological response

According to the cognitive labeling view of emotions, what occurs second?​ ​A. external event ​B. physiological response ​C. label for response ​D. interpreted emotion ​E. perception of event

E. perception of event

According to the perceptual view of emotions, what occurs second?​ ​ A. external event ​B. physiological response ​C. label for response ​D. interpreted emotion E. ​perception of event

D. strategy

All of the following are forms of confirming communication EXCEPT:​ ​A. description ​B. provisionalism ​C. empathy ​D. strategy ​E. equality

B. irrational beliefs

According to Albert Ellis, debilitating feelings are often caused by:​ ​A. emotional investments ​B. irrational beliefs ​C. incoherent assumptions ​D. concretely identifying emotions ​E. counterfeit emotional language

True

According to Goleman (1995a, 1995b, 1998; Goleman et al., 2002), people who have high emotional intelligence quotients (EQs) are more likely than people with lower EQs to create satisfying relationships, to be comfortable with themselves, and to work effectively with others (T/F)

True

According to John Gottman, the "magic ratio" for a happy relationship is to have at least 5 pleasant interactions for every 1 unpleasant interaction (T/F)

True

According to the cognitive labeling view of emotions, language allows us to move from experience to interpretation (T/F)

A. external event

According to the cognitive labeling view of emotions, what occurs first?​ ​A. external event ​B. physiological response ​C. label for response ​D. interpreted emotion ​E. perception of event

These are relationships between individuals who assume that they will be primary and continuing parts of each others lives.

Committed Romantic Relationships

The overall feeling or emotional mood between people- warm or cold, safe or anxious, accepting or rejecting, open or guarded.

Communication Climate

refers to the extent to which family members are expected to adhere to a family hierarchy and conform in beliefs.

Conformity Orientation

building a solution through negotiation and the acceptance of parts of proposals.

Contracting

refers to how open or closed communication is

Conversation Orientation

This is language that seems to express emotions but does not actually describe what a person is feeling. Example: shouting "why can't you leave me along" indicates that the speaker is feeling something, but doesn't describe what he/she is feeling.

Counterfit Emotional Language

Some parents encourage children to control their inner feelings, and involves learning what they should and should not feel. Example: children may be taught to feel greatful when given a gift, even if they don't like it and to not feel angry when a friend takes away a toy.

Deep Acting

C. the cognitive labeleing view of emotions

Edwina feels a knot in her stomach when she received a low grade on her exam. She noticed the knot and thought it constituted evidence of anxiety. This situation illustrates:​ ​A. an obsession with shoulds. ​B. helplessness. ​C. the cognitive labeling view of emotions ​D. the perceptual view of emotions ​E. the emotional view of emotion

The effort to generate what we think are appropriate feelings in particular situations. This concerns the process of trying to shape how we feel, not necessarily our success in doing so. Example: you might find it wrong to be happy when someone you dislike is hurt, this is the discrepancy of between what we actually feel and what we think we should feel.

Emotion Work

Also known as "EQ", is the ability to recognize feelings, to judge which feelings are appropriate in which situations, and to communicate those feelings effectively.

Emotional Intelligence

The experience and interpretation of internal sensations as they are shaped by physiology, perceptions, language, and social experiences.

Emotions

denotes situations in which proximity breeds ill will; this happens when we're forced to be around others whose values, lifestyles, or be- haviors conflict with our own.

Environmental Spoiling

This is fairness based on the perception that both people invest equally in a relationship and benefit similarly from their investments

Equity

The assumption that our culture and its norms are the only right ones.

Ethnocentrism

These are friends who change as we move along the road of life.

Friends of the Road

Highly patterned interactions in which the real conflicts are hidden or denied and a counterfeit excuse is created for arguing or criticizing.

Games

limited connection among parents and children

Laissez-faire Families

Define the emotional meaning of situations. Example: western cultures define funerals as sad, respectful occasions.

Framing Rules

These are friends who remain close regardless of distance or circumstances

Friends of the Heart

False

Happy and confirming relationships should feature openness rather than closedness (T/F)

False

In general, men and women self-disclose with equal frequency and depth (T/F)

These are relationship stresses that grow out of people and their interactions.

Internal tensions

this exists when there is expressed tension between people who are interdpendent, percieve they have incompatible goals, and feel a need to resolve those differences

Interpersonal Conflict

These are things we put into relationships that we could not retrieve if the relationship were to end; these are things like time, energy, thought, and feeling.

Investments

This occurs when everything but the kitchen sink is thrown into an argument.

Kitchen-sinking

This is stating feelings in a way that disowns personal responsibility for the feeling is one of the most common obstacles to effective expression of emotions.

Not Owning Feelings

E. certainty

Marge says to Homer, "I don't want to hear it, you cannot change my mind". These statements illustrate:​ ​A. description ​B. provisionalism ​C. spontaneity ​D. problem orientation ​E. certainty

The emotions we experience when external stimuli cause physiological changes in us example: getting a knot in your stomach after revieving a low grade on a test

Organismic View of Emotions

Uses rational thinking and self-talk to challenge the debilitating thoughts about emotions that undermine healthy self-concepts and relationships

Rational- Emotive Approach to Feelings

False

Recently, scholars' tracking of adolescent girls' bullying shows that many young girls engage in social aggression toward other boys, and they do so using distinctly feminine rules for expressing aggression (T/F)

This is the first thing that springs into mind when thinking about romance, this describes intensely positive feelings and fervent desire for another person.

Passion

This is acting aggressively while denying feelings or acting aggressive.

Passive Agrression

Also called appraisal theory; asserts that subjective perceptions shape what external phenomena mean to us. However this method does not clearly identigy the method by which we intepret emotions.

Perceptual View of Emotions

A private world of rules, understandings, and patterns of acting and interpreting that partners create to give meaning to their relationship; the nucleus of intimacy.

Relational Culture

These are unspoken understandings that regulate how people interact.

Relationship Rules

the process of creating a comfortable personal environment that reflects the values, experiences, and tastes of the couple.

Placemaking

high on the dimension of conversation and low on conformity

Pluralistic Families

This is communication with ourselves; and the way we communicate with ourselves affects how we feel and act. Example: you might say "I shouldn't feel angry" or "I don't want to come across as a wimp by showing my feelings are hurt" by doing this, we may talk ourselves out of or into feelings and out of or into ways of expressing feelings.

Self-talk

This states that people apply economic principles to evaluate their relationships; they conduct cost-benefit analysis

Social Exchange Theory

These are statements that express emotional states, but not specifically. These statements are so general and abstract so they do not clearly communicate what the speaker is feeling. Example: "I feel happy" "I feel bad" -feeling happy can be because of love, good news, etc. -feeling bad can be becuase of anixiety, bad news, heartache -we know the emotion but not the reasoning.

Speaking in Generalities

Involves controlling the outward expression of emotions rather than controlling feelings. For example: children learn that they should say thankyou when given a gift and not hit a friend for taking a toy.

Surface Acting

1. monitor your emotional reactions to events and experiences that distress you 2. identify the events and situations to which you have unpleasent responses 3. tune into your self-talk 4. use your self-talk to challange the debilitating facilities

The Four Steps to Rational-Emotive Approach to Feelings

E. perceptual

The ________ view of emotions is also called appraisal theory. ​A. organismic view ​B. cognitive labeling ​C. interactive ​D. virtual ​E. perceptual

False

The cognitive labeling view of emotions regards emotions as instinctual responses to external stimuli (T/F)

C. Daniel Goleman

The concept of emotional intelligence was first introduced by: ​A. John Gray ​B. Julia Wood ​C. Daniel Goleman ​D. Carol Saarni ​E. Paul Ekman

1. neutralization- negotiate a balance between two dialectual needs 2. selection- giving priority to one dialectual need 3. separation- separate dialects and assign one dialectual need to other aspects of interaction 4. reframing- a strategy in which partners redefine contradictory needs as not in opposition

What are the four ways of negotiating dialectual tension?

B. recognizing another person exists

The most basic form of confirmation in interpersonal communication is:​ ​A. agreeing with another person. ​B. recognizing another person exists. ​C. acknowledging what another person feels. ​D. accepting what another person feels and thinks as valid. ​E. acknowledging what another person thinks.

True

The organismic view regards emotions as instinctual responses to physiological arousal caused by external stimuli (T/F)

A. think what we are feeling is inappropriate

We are most likely to engage in emotion work when we: ​A. think what we are feeling is inappropriate. B. ​want to feel more deeply than we do. ​C. don't feel anything. ​D. are unsure of how we feel. ​E. have strong emotional reactions to events

1. Willingness to invest 2. Emotional closeness 3. Acceptance 4. Trust 5. Support

What are the Five Expectations of Friendship?

1. Conflict is natural in most western relationships 2. Conflict may be expressed overtly or covertly 3. Social groups shape the meaning of conflict behaviors 4. Conflict can be managed well or poorly 5. Conflict can be good for individuals and relationships

What are the Five principles of conflict?

1. establishing a family 2. enlarging a family 3. developing a family 4. encouraging independence 5. launching children 6. post launching of children 7. retirement

What are the Seven stages to the Family Life Cycle?

- Mediteranian cultures view conflict as a normal, valuable part of everyday life. -Asian cultures view conflict as destructive -US cultures emphasize assertiveness and individuality, many Americans are competitive and reluctant to give into tohers

What are the cultural differences between Mediteranian, Asian, and US towards conflict?

1. Maintain equity in family relationships 2. Make daily choices that enhance intimacy 3. Show respect and consideration 4. Don't sweat the small stuff

What are the four guidelines for effective communication in families?

1. The exit response- involves physically walking out or psychologically withdrawing 2. The neglect response- denies or minimizes problems, disagreements, anger, tension, or other matters that could lead to overt conflict 3. The loyalty response- involves staying committed to a relationship despite differences 4. The voice response- addresses conflict directly and attempts to resolve it

What are the four responses to conflict?

1. identify your emotions 2. chose whether and how to express emotions 3. own your feelings 4. monitor your self-talk 5. adopt a rational-emotive approach to feelings 6. respond sensitively when others communicate emotions

What are the six guidelines for communicating emotions effectively?

1. Recognition- recognizing that another perosn exists with nonverbal (smile, touch) and verbal ("hello") behaviors 2. Acknowledgement- acknowledgeing what another thinks, feels, or says. 3. Endorsement- accepting another's feelings or thoughts

What are the three levels of confirmation and discomformation?

1. lose-lose- assumes that conflict results in losses for everyone and that it is unhealthy and destructive for relationships 2. Win-lose- assumes that one person wins at the expense of the other 3. Win-win- assumes that there are usually ways to resolve differences so that everyone gains (wins)

What are the three orientaions to conflict?

1. Eros- this is a powerful, passionate style of love that blazes to life suddenly and dramatically 2. Storge- is a comfortable, even-keeled kind of love based on friendship and compatibility 3. Ludus- is playful love

What are the three primary styles of love?

1. Pragma- is pragmatic or practical love 2. Mania- is have the passion of eros, but play by ludic rules 3. Agape- a blend of storge and eros

What are the three secondary styles of love?

1. Autonomy/closeness- wanting to be independent vs. wanting to be close 2. Novelty/ predictability- spontaneity vs. routine 3. Openness/ closedness- open communication vs. privacy

What are the three styles of relational dialects?

A. surface acting

What involves controlling the outward expression of emotion?​ ​A. surface acting ​B. emotional intelligence ​C. cognitive shaping ​D. deep acting ​E. feeling rehearsal

C. provide assistance without asking

When communicating with a person with a disability, all of the following are generally accepted guidelines EXCEPT: ​A. speak directly to the person ​B. try to position yourself at eye level if a person uses a wheelchair or crutches C. ​provide assistance without asking D. ​do not lean on a person's wheelchair as this may be an invasion of personal space ​E. don't use childish language with people who have no mental disability

C. we are more likely to communicate socially inappropriate feelings when we ae anonymous online

Which statement about social media and expressing emotions is correct?​ ​A. Social media prevents us from experiencing and expressing feelings ​B. We are usually more inhibited by social norms when communicating with others in online contexts ​C. We are more likely to communicate socially inappropriate feelings when we are anonymous online ​D. The reasons we may choose not to disclose emotions online are totally different than reasons not to express emotions in face-to-face interactions ​E. People tend to prefer to express emotions face-to-face rather than online because it is easier

C. use paraphrasing to show that you understand how the other person feels

Which statement provides good advice for listening supportively to someone who is sharing emotions? ​A. Try to solve the other person's problems for him or her ​B. Make general statements such as "Time heals all wounds" ​C. Use paraphrasing to show that you understand how the other person feels ​D. Only agree to discuss the issue if you approve of his or her feelings ​E. Help the person make his or her feelings go away