Culture ch. 3

A person who criticizes the Amish farmer as being "backward" for tilling his fields with horses and a plow instead of using a tractor is displaying: ethnocentrism xenophobia cultural relativism cultural diffusion

a

Rodney and Elise are U.S. students studying abroad in Italy. When they are introduced to their host families, the families kiss them on both cheeks. When Rodney's host brother introduces himself and kisses Rodney on both cheeks, Rodney pulls back in surprise. Where he is from, unless they are romantically involved, men do not kiss one another. This is an example of : culture shock imperialism ethnocentrism xenophobia

a

The education, attitudes, knowledge, and preferences by which others judge you constitute your __________ , which contributes to your success in school and your career beyond just your abilities. cultural capital cultural appropriation cultural universal social culture

a

The structural-functional approach sees culture as a relatively stable system of integrated patterns people use to meet their needs. True False

a

Which of the following is an example of a counterculture? The hippie movement of the 1960's The Kardashian obsession of the 2010's The disco invasion of the 1970's The yuppie craze of the 1980's

a

Which theoretical approach would argue that people who are oppressed may construct counter-cultures as a way to oppose the dominant culture, which disadvantages them? Social Conflict approach Symbolic Interactionism Structural Functionalism

a

Key values of U.S. culture: always fit together easily. are sometimes in conflict with one another. change quickly, even from year to year. are shared by absolutely everyone in a society.

b

Which of the following terms describes the efforts of an American sociologist who attempts to understand Japanese family systems from the standpoint of the Japanese people who grew up in those family systems, rather than from the standpoint of Americans? multiculturalism cultural relativism ethnocentrism xenophobia

b

__________ is the term used to refer to the conflicts in the United States over moral issues and values, such as abortion and gay rights. cultural appropriation culture war ethnocentrism cultural lag

b

Which of the following statements is NOT true about ideologies? They help people to interpret events. They provide people with a guide as to what is important and what actions should be taken. They provide people with factual information. They provide a rationale for action. They provide people an explanation for current social, cultural, economic, etc. conditions in society.

c

Which theoretical approach would be most interested in the socialization process, which is the process by which people adopt various elements of their culture? Structural Functionalism Social Conflict approach Symbolic Interactionism

c

Which theoretical approach would investigate how one's culture may affect how one perceives the world and how one acts in various social situations? Structural Functionalism Social Conflict approach Symbolic Interactionism

c

__________ are rules about everyday, casual living; __________ are rules with great moral significance. Prescriptive norms; proscriptive norms Proscriptive norms; prescriptive norms Folkways; mores Mores; folkways

c

A good example of cultural lag is: virtual culture replacing traditional culture. a slowing in the rate of invention in the computer industry. older people trying to make younger people respect tradition. gaining the ability to modify genetic patterns in humans before understanding the possible social consequences of doing so.

d

Identify which of the following is NOT an explanation of why the value system in the United States is unique. Religiously, the Judeo-Christian ethic has emphasized humanitarians, the worth of the individual, etc. Geographically, the United States has been relatively isolated for most of its history. Historically, the United States has been unique; it was founded by a revolution that grew out of opposition to tyranny and aristocracy. Answer Culturally, the United States has been peopled largely by immigrants who shared a common culture.

d

In terms of how it influences our thinking, what can ethnocentrism lead to? the evaluation of cultural meanings and practices in their own social contexts correct assumptions about other cultures on the basis of interpretations of shared meanings thick descriptions of other cultures based on real understanding incorrect assumptions about other cultures on the basis of our own experience

d

MTV's widely-watched TV series The Jersey Shore is an example of _____, while the obscure works of playwright Sam Shepard are an example of ______. high culture; popular culture real culture; ideal culture real culture; high culture popular culture; high culture

d

The fact that some married men and married women are sexually unfaithful to their spouses is an example of _____ culture, while the fact that most adults say they support the idea of sexual fidelity is an example of _____ culture. ideal; real high; popular popular; high real; ideal

d

What is the difference between a counterculture and a subculture? A subculture's beliefs stand in opposition to the mainstream, whereas a counterculture's beliefs exist in harmony with the mainstream. A counterculture is made up of deviants, whereas a subculture is not . A subculture pushes for social change, whereas a counterculture does not. Subcultures tend to exist in harmony with the mainstream, whereas countercultures are in direct conflict with the mainstream.

d

Which of the following is an example of a cultural universal? democracy football public education language

d