deductive and inductive arguments
validity
a deductive argument is valid if and only if it is not possible for the premise to be true and the conclusion to be false
inductive arugments
are either strong or weak never valid or invalid. a strong inductive argument is one where the premise provides good evidence
an inductive argument
can be either cogent or uncogent
a deductive argument
can be sound or unsound
an inductive argument
claims that the premise provides some support to accept the conclusion but not conclusive grounds, in other words, there is not a probable connection between the premise and the conclusion
argument
is a set of propositions where one and only one proposition is designated as the conclusion and one or more propositions are designated as the premises. one proposition never constitutes an argument
an unsound deductive argument
is either invalid or is valid and has at least one or more false statements
cogent
is strong, inductive argument with true premise and a probably true conclusion
a sound deductive argument
is valid, has true premise and a true conclusion
deductive arguments
mathematical argument argument based on definitions categorical syllogisms conditional syllogisms disjunctive syllogism
inductive arguments
prediction argument from analogy inductive generalization argument from authority argument based on signs casual inference