deductive and inductive arguments

validity

a deductive argument is valid if and only if it is not possible for the premise to be true and the conclusion to be false

inductive arugments

are either strong or weak never valid or invalid. a strong inductive argument is one where the premise provides good evidence

an inductive argument

can be either cogent or uncogent

a deductive argument

can be sound or unsound

an inductive argument

claims that the premise provides some support to accept the conclusion but not conclusive grounds, in other words, there is not a probable connection between the premise and the conclusion

argument

is a set of propositions where one and only one proposition is designated as the conclusion and one or more propositions are designated as the premises. one proposition never constitutes an argument

an unsound deductive argument

is either invalid or is valid and has at least one or more false statements

cogent

is strong, inductive argument with true premise and a probably true conclusion

a sound deductive argument

is valid, has true premise and a true conclusion

deductive arguments

mathematical argument argument based on definitions categorical syllogisms conditional syllogisms disjunctive syllogism

inductive arguments

prediction argument from analogy inductive generalization argument from authority argument based on signs casual inference