development part 1 practice questions

Sara, age 4 months, was born at 35 weeks' gestation. She seems to be developing normally, but her parents are concerned because she is a "more difficult" baby than their other child, who was term. The nurse should explain that: 1. Infants' temperaments are part of their unique characteristics. 2. Infants become less difficult if they are not kept on scheduled feedings and structured routines. 3. Sara's behavior is suggestive of failure to bond completely with her parents. 4. Sara's difficult temperament is the result of painful experiences in the neonatal

1

The nurse is interviewing the father of 10-month-old Megan. She is playing on the floor when she notices an electrical outlet and reaches up to touch it. Her father says "No" firmly and removes her from near the outlet. The nurse should use this opportunity to teach the father that Megan: 1. Is old enough to understand the word "No." 2. Is too young to understand the word "No." 3. Should already know that electrical outlets are dangerous. 4. Will learn safety issues better if she is spanked

1

What information could be given to the parents of a 12-month-old child regarding appropriate play activities for this age? 1. Give large push-pull toys for kinetic stimulation. 2. Place cradle gym across crib to facilitate fine motor skills. 3. Provide child with finger paints to enhance fine motor skills. 4. Provide stick horse to develop gross motor coordination

1

Which of the following is an appropriate play activity for a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation? 1. Playing peek-a-boo 2. Playing pat-a-cake 3. Imitating animal sounds 4. Showing how to clap hands

1

Which of the following would be the best play activity for a 6-month-old infant to provide tactile stimulation? 1. Allow to splash in bath. 2. Give various colored blocks. 3. Play music box, tapes, or CDs. 4. Use infant swing or stroller

1

The nurse notices that a 10-month-old infant being seen in the clinic is wearing expensive, inflexible, high-top shoes. The nurse should explain that: 1. Soft and flexible shoes are generally better. 2. High-top shoes are necessary for support. 3. Inflexible shoes are necessary to prevent in-toeing and out-toeing. 4. This type of shoe will encourage the infant to walk sooner.

1

In terms of fine motor development, what should the infant of 7 months be able to do? A. Transfer objects from one hand to the other B. Use thumb and index finger in the crude pincer grasp C. Hold crayon and make a mark on paper

A

The nurse is doing a routine assessment on a 14 month old infant and notes that the anterior fontanel is closed. This should be interpreted as which of the following? A. normal finding B. Questionable finding: infant should be rechecked in about one month C. Abnormal finding: indicates need for immediate referral to practioner D. Abnormal finding: indicates need for developmental assessment

A

The parents of a 4-month-old infant tell the nurse that they are getting a microwave oven and will be able to heat the baby's formula faster. The nurse should recommend which of the following? 1. Never heat a bottle in a microwave oven. 2. Heat only 10 ounces or more. 3. Always leave bottle top uncovered to allow heat to escape. 4. Shake bottle vigorously for at least 30 seconds after heating

3

Which of the following behaviors indicates that an infant has developed object permanence? 1. Recognizes familiar face, such as mother 2. Recognizes familiar object, such as bottle 3. Actively searches for a hidden object 4. Secures objects by pulling on a string

3

A mother tells the nurse that she doesn't want her infant immunized because of the discomfort associated with injections. The nurse should explain that: 1. This cannot be prevented. 2. Infants do not feel pain as adults do. 3. This is not a good reason for refusing immunizations. 4. A topical anesthetic, EMLA, can be applied before injections are given

4

Austin, age 6 months, has six teeth. The nurse should recognize that this is which of the following? 1. Normal tooth eruption 2. Delayed tooth eruption 3. Unusual and dangerous 4. Earlier-than-normal tooth eruption

4

Parents tell the nurse that their 1-year-old son often sleeps with them. They seem unconcerned about this. The nurse's response should be based on which of the following? 1. Children should not sleep with their parents. 2. Separation from parents should be completed by this age. 3. Daytime attention should be increased. 4. This is a common and accepted practice, especially in some cultural groups

4

At what age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli? 1. 1 month 2. 2 months 3. 3 months 4. 4 month

2

The clinic is lending a federally approved car seat to an infant's family. The nurse should explain that the safest place to put the car seat is: 1. Front facing in back seat. 2. Rear facing in back seat. 3. Front facing in front seat with airbag on passenger side 4. Rear facing in front seat if an air bag is on the passenger side.

2

The nurse is discussing development and play activities with the parent of a 2-month- old boy. Recommendations should include giving him his first rattle at about what age? 1. 2 months 2. 4 months 3. 7 months 4. 9 months

2

What information should the nurse give a mother regarding the introduction of solid foods during infancy? 1. Solid foods should not be introduced until 8 to 10 months, when the extrusion reflex begins to disappear. 2. Foods should be introduced one at a time, at intervals of 4 to 7 days. 3. Solid foods can be mixed in a bottle to make the transition easier for the infant. 4. Fruits and vegetables should be introduced into the diet first

2

What is normally the earliest age at which an infant begins teething with eruption of lower central incisors? 1. 4 months 2. 6 months 3. 8 months 4. 12 months

2

What is the best age for solid food to be introduced into the infant's diet? 1. 2 to 3 months 2. 4 to 6 months 3. When birth weight has tripled 4. When tooth eruption has started

2

A mother tells the nurse that she is discontinuing breast-feeding her 5-month-old infant. The nurse should recommend that the infant be given: 1. Skim milk. 2. Whole cow's milk. 3. Commercial iron-fortified formula. 4. Commercial formula without iron.

3

According to Piaget, the 6-month old infant would be in what developmental stage? A. Use of reflexes B. Primary circular reactions C. Secondary circular reaction D. Coordination of secondary schemas

3

At about what age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as a feeding bottle? 1. 1 month 2. 2 months 3. 3 months 4. 4 months

3

At what age do most infants begin to fear strangers? 1. 2 months 2. 4 months 3. 6 months 4. 12 months

3

At what age is it safe to give infants whole milk instead of commercial infant formula? 1. 6 months 2. 9 months 3. 12 months 4. 18 months

3

Latasha is a breast-fed infant being seen in the clinic for her 6-month checkup. Her mother tells the nurse that she recently began to suck her thumb. Which of the following is the best nursing intervention? 1. Recommend mother substitute a pacifier for her thumb. 2. Assess Latasha for other signs of sensory deprivation. 3. Reassure mother that this is very normal at this age. 4. Suggest mother breast-feed Latasha more often to satisfy sucking needs

3

The parents of a 12-month-old child ask the nurse if the child can eat hot dogs as do their other children. The nurse's reply should be based on which of the following? 1. Child is too young to digest hot dogs. 2. Child is too young to eat hot dogs safely. 3. Hot dogs must be sliced into sections to prevent aspiration. 4. Hot dogs must be cut into small, irregular pieces to prevent aspiration

4

Which of the following statements is true concerning susceptibility to pertussis? 1. Neonates will be immune the first few months. 2. If mother has had the disease, infant will receive passive immunity. 3. Children younger than 1 year seldom contract this disease. 4. Most children are highly susceptible from birth

4

A 3-month-old infant, born at 38 weeks' gestation, will hold a rattle if it is put in her hands, but she will not voluntarily grasp it. The nurse should interpret this as: A.Normal development B. Significant developmental lag. C. Slightly delayed development due to prematurity. D. Suggestive of a neurologic disorder such as cerebral palsy

A

The parent of 2-week-old Sarah asks the nurse if Sarah needs fluoride supplements, because she is exclusively breast-fed. The nurse's best response is which of the following? 1. "She needs to begin taking them now." 2. "They are not needed if you drink fluoridated water." 3. "She may need to begin taking them at age 6 months." 4. "She can have infant cereal mixed with fluoridated water instead of supplements."

3

By which age does the posterior fontanel usually close? A. 6-8 weeks B. 10-12 weeks C. 4-6 months D. 8-10 months

A

At what age can most infants sit steadily unsupported? A. 4 months B. 6 months C. 8 months D. 10 months

C.

The parents of a 9-month-old infant tell the nurse that they have noticed foods such as peas and corn are not completely digested and can be seen in their infant's stools. On which of the following should the nurse base her explanation of this? A. Child should not be given fibrous foods until digestive tract matures at age 4 years. B. Child should not be given any solid foods until this digestive problem is resolved. C. This is abnormal and requires further investigation D.This is normal because of the immaturity of digestive processes at this age.

D

Which of the following statements best describes the infant's physical development? A. Anterior fontanel closes by age 6 to 10 months B. Binocularity is well established by 8 months C. Birth weight doubles by age 5 months and triples by age 1 year D. Maternal iron stores persist during the first 12 months of life

C

In terms of gross motor development, what would the nurse expect a 5-month-old infant to do? A. Roll from abdomen to back B. Roll from back to abdomen C. Sit erect without support D. Move from pone to sitting position

A.

The nurse is guiding parents in selecting a daycare facility for their child. Which of the following is especially important to consider when making the selection? 1. Health practices of facility 2. Structured learning environment 3. Socioeconomic status of children 4. Cultural similarities of children

1

1. Pacifiers can be extremely dangerous because of the frequency of use and the intensity of the infant's suck. In teaching the parents about appropriate pacifier selection, select all of the characteristics the pacifier should have. (Select all that apply) 1. Easily grasped handle 2. One-piece construction 3. Ribbon or string to secure to clothing 4. Soft, pliable material 5. Sturdy, flexible material

1,2,5

By what age should the nurse expect that an infant will be able to pull to a standing position? A. 6 months B. 8 months C. 11-12 months D. 14-15 months

C

The nurse is assessing a 6 month old healthy infant who weighed 7 pounds at birth. The nurse should expect the infant to now weight about how many pounds? A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25

B

The parents of a 3-month-old infant report that their infant sleeps supine (face up) but is often prone (face down) while awake. The nurse's response should be based on knowledge that this is: A. Unacceptable because of the risk of SIDS B. Unacceptable because it does not encourage developmental milestones C. Acceptable to encourage fine motor development D. Acceptable to encourage head control and turning over

D