Developmental Biology Test 1

Natural Progression

1. Born 2. Raised to believe "X" 3. Something happens and consistent (Ex: Evolution) 4. Existential Crisis——> (Think for yourself-Aristotle) 5. Decide

esc

1. Partial loss of function affect sex combs 2. Null

Positional information

1. Specification 2. Recording 3. Interpretation

Gap

Discontinuity

Blastema

Early stage of regeneration

Segment Polarity

Eliminate a band of cells and replace a mirror version of what's in front of it. (Category of mutant)

Even skipped

Eliminate all even sections and keep odd sections. (Category of mutant)

Specification

Establishment of a coordinate system of position information

Vertebrate CNS

Example of Induction

Fingers

Example of a Gradient

Chick wings

Example of a Time

Fly wing

Example of an Intercalate

Super numerary

Extra limb

Forward

FD

Knirps

Gap mutants that eliminate segments in pairs. (Category of mutant)

s causes p

Have to fit like a puzzle piece and then sort out. (Ex: Slime mold fungus)

Partial(,) metamorphosis

Hemimetabous is made up of which two words?

More genes off

Higher repressors= ???

3

Holometabolous has ____ stages? (precursors if imagination discs)

Whole(,) metamorphosis

Holometabolous is made up of which two words?

Kiss of Death

Holometabolous trick?

Co(-)linear

Homeobox Homunculus is what? (1:1)

Same(,) sides

Impsilateral is made up of which two words?

Positional information

Information a cell has about its position within a group of cells. (Usually a cell's coordinates)

Alan Turing

Invented computers, cracked the code of Nazis, and explained zebras, leopards, etc. (animals with strips and spots)

Instar

Juvenile stage of insect development

Clonal analysis

Measure the frequency of clones (if greater)

Embryo

Multicellular organism at any stage of development < birth or hatching

Mutations(,) create

Mutagenesis is made up of which two words?

Blastema

Nascent growth cap that appears on stump after amputation

Intercalate

Newborn cells adopt positional values based upon positional values of their neighbors

Null

Total malfunction in homeosis-(type of mutation)

Cell lineage

Tracking back to origins

Upper medial

UM

Fetus

Vertebrate embryo after straining basic form. (Human: 3 months > conception to birth)

Flies(,) butterflies

What are two examples of holometabolous insects?

Clonal analysis (and) cell lineage

What does Mitotic Recombination =?

Grasshopper

What is an example of a Hemimtabous insect?

Clock face model

What is the PCM also known as?

Nymph(,) nymph(,) imago

What is the chain of development of a grasshopper?

4 (and) 5

Which case studies deal with finding mutants with non-wild type phenotypes?

Extra sex combs

esc means ?

Morphogenesis

Development of shape (form)

Field

A group of cells capable of regulation

Larva

A maggot is also called a ______

Time model

A model in which cell fates are assigned based on time

Clone

A set of cells descended from one ancestor cell (y/y)

Algorithm

A set of instructions carried out in a specific sequence

Imago

Adult stage

Subprocedure

An algorithm nested within another algorithm

Shotgun

Another word for Random is?

Antenna(,) leg

Antennapedia is made up of what two words?

Induction

Assumes that one layer of cells can oppress a pattern on an adjacent layer of cells. (Central Nervous System)

Distal

Away from the body

2(,) eyes

Binocular is made up of which two words?

Atavistic

Bithorax mutation is _______?

Polar Coordinate Model

C.S. #1 1. Insect imaginable discs 2. Salamander limbs 3. Chick wing 4. Insect segments- body #, leg

Fly World

Case study 4 & 5 are called what?

x causes p(,)s

Cells acquire fates based upon instructions they receive via cell lineage. (Ex: Nemetode c ellegans)

Etiology

Chain of causes

Morphogen

Chemical diffuses

Mutagenesis

Chemical mutagens, x-rays, transposon

Proximal

Close to the body

Homeobox Homunculus

Colineage sequence of a little group between genes and structures

Interpretation

Conversion of positional values into different states

Pheno

Copy experiment

Binary(,) kill

Decide is made up of which two words?

Leaky

Partial defect-(type of mutation)

State

Position causes _________?

Morphogen

Position is infolded with a ______________?

Notocord

Preceeds the central nervous system

Developmental (~) embryogenesis

Process of 1. Growth 2. Shaping (morphogenesis) 3. Patterning

Rotate

RT

I inhibitor

React and diffuse over range

Universality

Recording and interpretation

Epimorphosis

Regulation involving growth (regeneration)

Morphallaxis

Regulation without growth

Makes a ridge

Role of AER?

Paradigm

School of Thought | Religion

Shedding of exoskeleton

Separated by molts means?

2 eyes(,) see

Stereoscopic is made up of which two words?

Recording

Storing of positional info as positional values=memories

Developmental biology

Study of embryonic processes. (Plant meristems, insect imaginable discs)

Model

Testable hypothesis

Intercalation

The growth between 2 surfaces

Regulation

The homeostatic process whereby a group of checks achieves its original fate despite removal or addition of tissue

Positional values

The record ("memory") of a cell's potential information

Regeneration

The replacement of missing parts

Homeosis

The transformation of one body part into another