Developmental Biology Test 1
Natural Progression
1. Born 2. Raised to believe "X" 3. Something happens and consistent (Ex: Evolution) 4. Existential Crisis——> (Think for yourself-Aristotle) 5. Decide
esc
1. Partial loss of function affect sex combs 2. Null
Positional information
1. Specification 2. Recording 3. Interpretation
Gap
Discontinuity
Blastema
Early stage of regeneration
Segment Polarity
Eliminate a band of cells and replace a mirror version of what's in front of it. (Category of mutant)
Even skipped
Eliminate all even sections and keep odd sections. (Category of mutant)
Specification
Establishment of a coordinate system of position information
Vertebrate CNS
Example of Induction
Fingers
Example of a Gradient
Chick wings
Example of a Time
Fly wing
Example of an Intercalate
Super numerary
Extra limb
Forward
FD
Knirps
Gap mutants that eliminate segments in pairs. (Category of mutant)
s causes p
Have to fit like a puzzle piece and then sort out. (Ex: Slime mold fungus)
Partial(,) metamorphosis
Hemimetabous is made up of which two words?
More genes off
Higher repressors= ???
3
Holometabolous has ____ stages? (precursors if imagination discs)
Whole(,) metamorphosis
Holometabolous is made up of which two words?
Kiss of Death
Holometabolous trick?
Co(-)linear
Homeobox Homunculus is what? (1:1)
Same(,) sides
Impsilateral is made up of which two words?
Positional information
Information a cell has about its position within a group of cells. (Usually a cell's coordinates)
Alan Turing
Invented computers, cracked the code of Nazis, and explained zebras, leopards, etc. (animals with strips and spots)
Instar
Juvenile stage of insect development
Clonal analysis
Measure the frequency of clones (if greater)
Embryo
Multicellular organism at any stage of development < birth or hatching
Mutations(,) create
Mutagenesis is made up of which two words?
Blastema
Nascent growth cap that appears on stump after amputation
Intercalate
Newborn cells adopt positional values based upon positional values of their neighbors
Null
Total malfunction in homeosis-(type of mutation)
Cell lineage
Tracking back to origins
Upper medial
UM
Fetus
Vertebrate embryo after straining basic form. (Human: 3 months > conception to birth)
Flies(,) butterflies
What are two examples of holometabolous insects?
Clonal analysis (and) cell lineage
What does Mitotic Recombination =?
Grasshopper
What is an example of a Hemimtabous insect?
Clock face model
What is the PCM also known as?
Nymph(,) nymph(,) imago
What is the chain of development of a grasshopper?
4 (and) 5
Which case studies deal with finding mutants with non-wild type phenotypes?
Extra sex combs
esc means ?
Morphogenesis
Development of shape (form)
Field
A group of cells capable of regulation
Larva
A maggot is also called a ______
Time model
A model in which cell fates are assigned based on time
Clone
A set of cells descended from one ancestor cell (y/y)
Algorithm
A set of instructions carried out in a specific sequence
Imago
Adult stage
Subprocedure
An algorithm nested within another algorithm
Shotgun
Another word for Random is?
Antenna(,) leg
Antennapedia is made up of what two words?
Induction
Assumes that one layer of cells can oppress a pattern on an adjacent layer of cells. (Central Nervous System)
Distal
Away from the body
2(,) eyes
Binocular is made up of which two words?
Atavistic
Bithorax mutation is _______?
Polar Coordinate Model
C.S. #1 1. Insect imaginable discs 2. Salamander limbs 3. Chick wing 4. Insect segments- body #, leg
Fly World
Case study 4 & 5 are called what?
x causes p(,)s
Cells acquire fates based upon instructions they receive via cell lineage. (Ex: Nemetode c ellegans)
Etiology
Chain of causes
Morphogen
Chemical diffuses
Mutagenesis
Chemical mutagens, x-rays, transposon
Proximal
Close to the body
Homeobox Homunculus
Colineage sequence of a little group between genes and structures
Interpretation
Conversion of positional values into different states
Pheno
Copy experiment
Binary(,) kill
Decide is made up of which two words?
Leaky
Partial defect-(type of mutation)
State
Position causes _________?
Morphogen
Position is infolded with a ______________?
Notocord
Preceeds the central nervous system
Developmental (~) embryogenesis
Process of 1. Growth 2. Shaping (morphogenesis) 3. Patterning
Rotate
RT
I inhibitor
React and diffuse over range
Universality
Recording and interpretation
Epimorphosis
Regulation involving growth (regeneration)
Morphallaxis
Regulation without growth
Makes a ridge
Role of AER?
Paradigm
School of Thought | Religion
Shedding of exoskeleton
Separated by molts means?
2 eyes(,) see
Stereoscopic is made up of which two words?
Recording
Storing of positional info as positional values=memories
Developmental biology
Study of embryonic processes. (Plant meristems, insect imaginable discs)
Model
Testable hypothesis
Intercalation
The growth between 2 surfaces
Regulation
The homeostatic process whereby a group of checks achieves its original fate despite removal or addition of tissue
Positional values
The record ("memory") of a cell's potential information
Regeneration
The replacement of missing parts
Homeosis
The transformation of one body part into another
