ANATOMY MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE

which muscle type produces the most pull for its size?

triangular

carpals are found in this region?

upper appendages

the heart is mostly located in the?

LUQ

which essential nutrients are converted into proteins in humans?

amino acids

a muscle is best described as?

an organ

which of the following is not a common cause of molecular aging?

antioxidants

all matter is composed of?

atoms

which part of the neuron transmits impulses to other cells?

axon

which is the most superior portion of the spinal column?

cervical

which bone is part of the appendicular skeleton?

clavicle

the inferior part of the spinal cavity is called the ______ region?

coccyx

which tissue is the most widespread & varied of all the tissues?

connective

which of the following conditions would require yellow marrow to be converted into red marrow?

excessive blood loss from a major injury

which glands secrete their products into ducts that empty out a body surface ?

exocrine

which type of cartilage makes up the discs in the vertebra?

fibrocartilage

the bonding properties of an element are primarily determined by?

electrons

monomers of nucleic acids are essential for the following role?

energy transfer

peptides that carry out chemical work for the body are called?

enzymes

which tissue is a continuous sheet of tightly packed cells & covers the body's surface, lines body cavities & many of its organs & forms certain glands?

epithelial tissue

which of the following statements about epithelial tissue is true?

epithelial tissue has no blood supply & depends completely on connective tissue

which bones would be directly damaged by a blow to the cheek?

zygomatic & maxilla

the midsagittal plane cuts the body into?

2 equal left & right sides

after contraction a muscle returns to its resting state when this occurs?

Z-lines lengthen

aging is usually accompanied by?

a loss of bone density

moving the whole leg away from the center of the body is an example of?

abduction

which of the following neurotransmitters initiates muscle contraction?

acetylcholine

which tissue helps to insulate the body to conserve body heat?

adipose

which body structure is visible from a dorsal view?

back

anatomy is the study of?

body structure

a chemical capable of neutralizing an acid or a base is called?

buffers

which of the following bones support more of the body's weight than the other bones?

calcaneus

which ion stimulates the binding of acting to myosin?

calcium

muscle cells differ from most other body cells because they have this characteristic?

contractility

striations are responsible for the following muscle cell function?

contraction

the atomic # of an atom is determined by?

counting the # of protons

which bond is common to all biochemicals?

covalent

where would you look for wormian bones?

cranium

which muscle shape is noted for having a broad origin?

deltoid

fusion of this type of joint would have the greatest effects on body movement?

diathrosis

fats are needed in the diet to help provide these important structural lipids?

diglycerides

the term pathology refers to the study of?

disease

the fingers are located _____ to the wrist?

distal

damage to this bone structure could restrict blood flow into a bone?

foramen

which position requires a patient to sit?

fowlers position

which molecule is a monosaccrhride or simple sugar?

glucose

human muscle stores sugar in the form of?

glycogen

which structure is considered unilateral?

heart

the thoracic cavity contains the following structures?

heart & lungs

PH is measured by the ______ concentration of a solution?

hydrogen ion

a molecule with an abundance of this functional group would readily dissolve in water?

hydroxol

feet twisted toward the body are in the ______ position?

inversion

smooth muscles have the following characteristic?

involuntary action

which of the following best describes the role of ATP energy in a muscle contraction?

it permits inward movement of Z-lines

a person is lying prone in this position?

knee-chest

muscles carrying out anaerobic metabolism produce this waste product?

lactic acid

the eyes are located ______ to the nose?

lateral

which of the following is not a cranial bone?

maxilla

which of the following is not a property of skeletal muscle?

mostly involuntary

which membranes line body surfaces that open directly to the body's exterior?

mucous

which of the following is a bone cell cancer?

myeloma

all muscle cells develop from?

myoblasts

which of the following best describes what occurs during an isometric muscle action?

no perceivable change in length

a reduction of these cells would slow bone growth and hardening in adults?

osetoblasts

bone density is likely to be lost by over activity of these cells?

osteoclasts

the ______ layer forms the outer wall of the stomach?

parietal

the type of healing that occurs when damaged tissue heals & is replaced by new, functional tissue?

regeneration

intramembraneous bone formation is most important for the development of the?

skull

which type of muscle is responsible for peristalsis?

smooth

which of these lipids act as chemical messengers in the body?

sterols

in what type of epithelial do some cells stack on top of other cells but not touch the basement membrane?

stratified