ANATOMY MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE
which muscle type produces the most pull for its size?
triangular
carpals are found in this region?
upper appendages
the heart is mostly located in the?
LUQ
which essential nutrients are converted into proteins in humans?
amino acids
a muscle is best described as?
an organ
which of the following is not a common cause of molecular aging?
antioxidants
all matter is composed of?
atoms
which part of the neuron transmits impulses to other cells?
axon
which is the most superior portion of the spinal column?
cervical
which bone is part of the appendicular skeleton?
clavicle
the inferior part of the spinal cavity is called the ______ region?
coccyx
which tissue is the most widespread & varied of all the tissues?
connective
which of the following conditions would require yellow marrow to be converted into red marrow?
excessive blood loss from a major injury
which glands secrete their products into ducts that empty out a body surface ?
exocrine
which type of cartilage makes up the discs in the vertebra?
fibrocartilage
the bonding properties of an element are primarily determined by?
electrons
monomers of nucleic acids are essential for the following role?
energy transfer
peptides that carry out chemical work for the body are called?
enzymes
which tissue is a continuous sheet of tightly packed cells & covers the body's surface, lines body cavities & many of its organs & forms certain glands?
epithelial tissue
which of the following statements about epithelial tissue is true?
epithelial tissue has no blood supply & depends completely on connective tissue
which bones would be directly damaged by a blow to the cheek?
zygomatic & maxilla
the midsagittal plane cuts the body into?
2 equal left & right sides
after contraction a muscle returns to its resting state when this occurs?
Z-lines lengthen
aging is usually accompanied by?
a loss of bone density
moving the whole leg away from the center of the body is an example of?
abduction
which of the following neurotransmitters initiates muscle contraction?
acetylcholine
which tissue helps to insulate the body to conserve body heat?
adipose
which body structure is visible from a dorsal view?
back
anatomy is the study of?
body structure
a chemical capable of neutralizing an acid or a base is called?
buffers
which of the following bones support more of the body's weight than the other bones?
calcaneus
which ion stimulates the binding of acting to myosin?
calcium
muscle cells differ from most other body cells because they have this characteristic?
contractility
striations are responsible for the following muscle cell function?
contraction
the atomic # of an atom is determined by?
counting the # of protons
which bond is common to all biochemicals?
covalent
where would you look for wormian bones?
cranium
which muscle shape is noted for having a broad origin?
deltoid
fusion of this type of joint would have the greatest effects on body movement?
diathrosis
fats are needed in the diet to help provide these important structural lipids?
diglycerides
the term pathology refers to the study of?
disease
the fingers are located _____ to the wrist?
distal
damage to this bone structure could restrict blood flow into a bone?
foramen
which position requires a patient to sit?
fowlers position
which molecule is a monosaccrhride or simple sugar?
glucose
human muscle stores sugar in the form of?
glycogen
which structure is considered unilateral?
heart
the thoracic cavity contains the following structures?
heart & lungs
PH is measured by the ______ concentration of a solution?
hydrogen ion
a molecule with an abundance of this functional group would readily dissolve in water?
hydroxol
feet twisted toward the body are in the ______ position?
inversion
smooth muscles have the following characteristic?
involuntary action
which of the following best describes the role of ATP energy in a muscle contraction?
it permits inward movement of Z-lines
a person is lying prone in this position?
knee-chest
muscles carrying out anaerobic metabolism produce this waste product?
lactic acid
the eyes are located ______ to the nose?
lateral
which of the following is not a cranial bone?
maxilla
which of the following is not a property of skeletal muscle?
mostly involuntary
which membranes line body surfaces that open directly to the body's exterior?
mucous
which of the following is a bone cell cancer?
myeloma
all muscle cells develop from?
myoblasts
which of the following best describes what occurs during an isometric muscle action?
no perceivable change in length
a reduction of these cells would slow bone growth and hardening in adults?
osetoblasts
bone density is likely to be lost by over activity of these cells?
osteoclasts
the ______ layer forms the outer wall of the stomach?
parietal
the type of healing that occurs when damaged tissue heals & is replaced by new, functional tissue?
regeneration
intramembraneous bone formation is most important for the development of the?
skull
which type of muscle is responsible for peristalsis?
smooth
which of these lipids act as chemical messengers in the body?
sterols
in what type of epithelial do some cells stack on top of other cells but not touch the basement membrane?
stratified