Developmental Exam 4 Chapter 13 Lecture/Review

children who care for themselves after school video

...

stages of friendship damon

1: basing on others' behaviors 2: on trust 3: on psychological closeness (loyalty) mutual trust is centerpiece during middle childhood

single parent fams

25% of children variety of factors fam eco status amount of time spent with parent degree of stress in household is increasing steadily in US

by high school number of aa's who choose to be friends with someone of another race declines to

5 percent

about how many bullies have been raised in an abusive situation

50 percent

kurt and friend enjoy playing together. they have fun. friendship based on behavior. most likely

7 yrs

children's self concepts are composed of for major domains

academic, social, emotional, physical

race and fam life

although there are as many types of fams as there are individuals research does find some consistencies related to race

restrictive play

boys interactions interrupted when a child feels his status is challenged dominance hierarchy

home and alone what do children do

consequences of being a self care child are not necessarily harmful in fact children may develop an enhanced sense of independence and competence

period in which children and parents jointly control children's behaviors

coregulation

self esteem in middle childhood

develops in important ways during middle childhood as children progress into middle childhood yrs their self esteems higher in some areas and lower in others

poverty and fam life

eco disadvantaged children are at risk for poorer academic performance, high aggression rates, and conduct probs in addition, declines in eco well being have been linked to mental health probs

in social relationships girls are interested in

equality and harmony

difficulties in industry versus inferiority stage

feelings of failure and inadequacy

success in industry versus inferiority stage

feelings of mastery and proficiency growing sense of competence

change and stability in self esteem

generally over all se increases during middle childhood and briefly declines at around age 12 parents can help break cycle by promoting se

gay and lesbian parents

growing body of research on effects shows that children in lesbian and gay households develop similarly to those of heterosexual households

when both parents work outside home, effect on children

in most cases fare quite well age limit...?

generally, the self esteem of most children tends to ___ during middle childhood, but ___ around the age of 12

increases declines

coregulation

increasing independence characterizes children's behavior during middle childhood parents increasingly provide broad general guidelines and children have control over their every day behavior

gender and friendship

patterns among boys and girls quite different

building friendship in middle childhood

profound changes friendship and child development friendship and communication and interaction skill development

teaching social competence

programs teach children set of social skills that underlie general social competence outcomes: may interact more with peers, hold more convos, develop higher s.e., become more accepted

downward social comparison

protect children's self esteem helps explain why some students in elementary schools with generally low achievement levels have stronger academic self esteem than very capable students in schools with high achievement levels

multi-generational fams

rich multigen experience for children conflicts: potential for conflict with several adults acting without coordination as disciplinarians

blended fams

role ambiguity may make it challenging school age children often to surprisingly well on the other hand not all adjust well

nolan and jeremy have been friends since kinder and know they can count on each other to always be there for one another. what stage?

second, basing friendship on trust children take others personal qualities and traits as well as the reward they provide into consideration

an individuals overall and specific positive and negative self evaluation is called

self esteem

quest for self understanding during middle childhood

shifting focus from external characteristics to internal psychological traits less simplistic and more complex self views personal and academic spheres of self concept

impact of changing fam structure

short term of divorce can be quite difficult, th elnoger term consequences are less clear some studies have found that 18 months to 2 yrs later most children begin to return to their pre divorce state of psych adjustment on other hand there is evidence that fallout from divorce lingers

determining competency

social comparison social reality festinger: when concrete, objective measures of ability are lacking, people turn to social reality to evaluate themselves

collection of social skills that permit individuals to perform successfully in social settings

social competence

popular children often skilled at ____ making them good diplomats

social problem solving

in social relationships boys are interested in

status and conflict

bullying video

two girls (14 and 12) arrested for cyberbullying for ten months until 12 yr old killed herself mom reported to school 14 yr old in jail; even if convicted not a long sentence charged with felony aggravated stalking investigating 14 yr olds parents.. possible jail? parents claimed to have tracked girl's facebook bullying still goes unreported in schools parenting is what matters, not police work since 08 more than half states have taken action for bullying purple