Digestive system

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the term for movement of nutrients from the GI tract to the blood or lymph?

Absorption

Which of the following is not true of saliva?

Contains enzymes that begin the breakdown of proteins

The mucosa of the GI tract consists primarily of columnar ___________ that forms the inner lining of the lumen.

Epithelium

Which of the following is under voluntary control?

External anal sphincter

T/F: Segmentation moves chyme in only one direction.

False

T/F: The esophagus is digestive in function.

False

T/F: The external anal sphincter consists of smooth muscle and is under voluntary control.

False

Digestion of which of the following would be affected the most if the liver were severely damaged?

Lipids

Which of the following enzymes breaks down lipids?Amylase Pepsin Bile None of the above

None of the above

The digestion of which food group may be affected by an inadequate amount of stomach acid?

Proteins

T/F: Deglutition has both voluntary and involuntary components.

True

List the two major functions of the large intestine:

absorb water, vitamins and some salts storage and concentration of feces

The single digestive function of the liver is to produce:

bile

Absorption of nutrients occurs through the mucosal epithelium and into either ________ or _________ vessels.

blood lymphatic

The microvilli of the small intestine's epithelial cells form the ______ border

brush

The term that means catabolic breakdown of food?

chemical digestion

List the three sheets of muscle in the stomach's muscularis externa:

circular longitudinal oblique

From largest to smallest, list the three modifications of the small intestine's inner wall that function to increase surface area:

circular folds, villi, microvilli

What are the functions of saliva?

cleanses mouth, moistens and dissolves food chemicals, aids in bolus formation, contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates

List the four major functions of saliva.

cleanses the mouth dissolve chemical for taste form food bolus digestion

The term for elimination of ingestible solid wAste?

defecation

List two main divisions of the digestive system.

digestive tract Alimentary Canal

List, in order from the pylorus to the colon, the three regions of the small intestine:

duodenum jejunum ileum

Pockets formed by the contractions of the teniae coli of the large intestine are called:

haustra

The process by which food is received into the GI tract via the mouth is called:

ingestion

To take food into the digestive tract?

ingestion

Blood and lymph vessels of the mucosa are found in the connective tissue sublayer called the ___________ (2 words).

lamina propria

The term that means chewing, mixing and churning food?

mechanical digestion

The four main layers of the digestive tract wall are:

mucosa submucosa muscularis externa serosa

The digestive conditions in the stomach are very harsh and acidic. What is produced to protect the stomach from these harsh conditions?

mucosal barrier

The smooth muscle sublayer of the mucosa is called the:

muscularis mucosa

What are the 3 divisions pf the pharynx

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

The major means of propulsion through the alimentary canal is:

peristalsis

he two types of movements produced by contractions of the muscularis externa are ________ and _________ .

peristalsis segmentation

what is the function of the esophagus?

peristalsis moves bolus to stomach

What is swallowing and peristalsis?

propulsion

From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of the alimentary canal are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange them in order from most exterior to interior.

serosa, muscularis externa, submucosa and mucosa

The mouth, with its ___________ epithelium, is involved in both chemical digestion and ________ digestion.

stratified squamous mechanical

List the six sphincters of the digestive tract:

upper esophageal pyloric ileocecal internal anal external anal gastroesophageal lower esophageal

what are the 3 phases of swallowing?

voluntary phase pharyngeal phase esophageal phase


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