Disaster Planning Adaptive Quizzing

A registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about the functions and utilization of trauma centers. Which statement of the student nurse indicates effective learning?

"Clients requiring stabilization with major injuries should be sent to a level III trauma center."

The registered nurse asks the student nurse, "Which action should be provided in a client who survived an earthquake and presents with abdominal trauma to the emergency department?" Which response by the student nurse requires further teaching?

"I should remove an impaled object immediately."

The registered nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about preventing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during a mass casualty event. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning?

"I should take a break whenever needed."

Which response by the nurse who is earning certification as a member of the Disaster Management Assistance Team (DMAT) indicates accurate understanding regarding the responsibilities of the team?

"I will be expected to work a three day shift with the supplies we are given."

A registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about the role of nurses in case of a fire in the hospital. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates ineffective learning?

"I will continue oxygen for all clients, even those who can breathe without it."

The registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about the disaster triage tag system. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates ineffective learning?

"I will use a yellow tag for clients with shock."

The nurse is teaching a client about the post-surgical care that needs to be taken following eye surgery. Which statement given by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

"I will wait for more obvious signs of infection before reporting to my primary physician."

The registered nurse is teaching a nursing student who underwent training for disaster management on how to cope effectively after a disaster event. Which statements by the nursing student indicate a need for further teaching? Select all that apply.

"I will work for 15 hours per day." "I will talk about my feelings with my family."

The registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about the disaster triage tag system. The nurse provides details of four clients along with their conditions for identification. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning?

"I would issue a green tag to client C."

The registered nurse is training the emergency department caregivers about types of disasters. Which statements made by the nurse would describe a mass casualty event? Select all that apply.

"In an aircraft explosion, nearly 112 persons died." "In 2001, there was a terrorist attack on the World Trade Center." "The employees at a nuclear plant were severely injured by a radiation leak."

The nursing student is learning about common chemical agents of terrorism. The nursing instructor presents a situation where the victims have burned or blistered skin and describes the agent as a brown gas that has a garlic-like odor. What statement made by the nursing student indicates effective learning?

"The clients were exposed to mustard gas."

The nursing student is learning about triage during mass casualty incidents (MCIs). Which statement made by the nursing student indicates effective knowledge regarding MCIs?

"The total number of victims can be estimated by doubling the number of victims who arrive in the first hour."

The nurse administrator for a long-term care facility is implementing a disaster response plan for staff and residents. Which staff member statements indicate correct understanding of the plan? Select all that apply.

"We have to implement annual drills." "The plan must include an evacuation plan."

The victims of a large scale near-drowning incident are brought to the emergency department. What is the minimum length of time all such victims should be kept under observation in the hospital?

23 hours

When writing a disaster plan for implementation during a mass casualty incident (MCI), which percentage of victims often require admission to the hospital for further treatment?

30%

The nurse is helping a triage officer evaluate the victims of a large scale disaster. Which client does the nurse anticipate will be given a black tag?

A client with extensive full-thickness body burns

A large group of clients injured in a gas explosion are admitted to the emergency department. To which group of clients should treatment be provided immediately?

A group with active hemorrhaging

Which type of event can often be handled by an individual hospital disaster plan without collaboration with other systems?

A motor vehicle accident involving 5 cars.

What would help facilitate communication and coordination during a mass casualty event in a hospital using the hospital incident command system? Select all that apply.

Activate communication equipment Establish a command center in a designated location Provide key personnel with distinctive clothing identifying their role Distribute job action sheets identifying reporting relationships, tasks, and responsibilities

While caring for a group of clients injured in a fire, the nurse finds that there is a need for airway maintenance, electrical therapies, and specialized resuscitation. Which invasive assessment trained team and management skills certification is required in this situation?

Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)

An emergency management team is removing foreign bodies and performing cricothyroidotomy on a client post burn injury. Which emergency assessment has been performed on this client?

Airway with simultaneous cervical spine stabilization

The nursing student is comparing the causative agents of hyperthermia and hypothermia. Which causative agent is common to both conditions?

Alcohol

The nurse is contributing to a disaster plan for a possible terrorist attack. Which biologic agents should be included in the plan? Select all that apply.

Anthrax Botulism Tularemia Smallpox

The nurse is a member of the critical incident stress management unit that looks to meet the psychosocial needs of first responders after a mass casualty incident. Which action by the nurse is appropriate when conducting a session?

Arranging group discussion

Which nursing interventions are beneficial in the event of fire in the hospital? Select all that apply.

Asking ambulatory clients to help push wheelchair clients out of danger Maintaining injured clients' respiratory status manually until removed from the fire area

A nurse manager is informed that a community disaster drill will take place. The disaster scenario will include a bombing in a shopping mall with hundreds of casualties. What location should the nurse consider for triage of casualties when planning for this exercise?

At the scene of the disaster

Which system would the nurse expect to determine the number of casualties of a particular acuity level a hospital can safely accept from the incident scene in a disaster situation?

Automated tracking system

Why would the nurse claim class III clients are of major concern in the hospital environment after a nuclear accident?

Because they often come to the hospital on their own

According to the disaster triage tag system, which color tag would the nurse feel is most suitable for a client who died in an earthquake?

Black

While caring for clients with injuries after a terrorist attack, the nurse observed ear bleeding, conjuctival hemorrhage, and severe lacerations in a client and provided mechanical ventilation. Which tag would be appropriate for this client according to the disaster triage tag system?

Black tag

While triaging clients after an earthquake that has caused mass casualties, the nurse notes that a client with a massive head injury does not respond to stimulation and cannot breathe independently. Which color tag would be given to the client?

Black tag

The emergency department nurse is triaging clients according to the emergency service index (ESI). On further evaluation the nurse reassigned some clients to other ESI levels. Which assessments made by the nurse helped in reassigning the clients?

Blood pressure of 190/90mm Hg

The nurse is caring for the victims of a terrorist attack involving explosive devices. Which type of damage is most likely caused by a crush injury?

Blunt trauma to the head

The emergency department nurse is assigned duty at a mass casualty situation. Which measures should the nurse take for personal preparedness? Select all that apply.

Carrying lip balm Carrying sunglasses Carrying lists of credit card numbers

Which statement by the nurse is true regarding the disaster triage tag system?

Class II clients are marked with a yellow tag.

After a terrorist attack, the nurse notes that all victims at the disaster site have breath with almond odor. What agent does the nurse assume was used in the attack?

Cyanide

A group of clients is admitted with neurologic injury after hiking at high altitude. The nurse is assessing using the "AVPU" mnemonic. Which type of emergency assessment is the nurse performing?

Disability

A debriefing team is providing a session for healthcare professionals who are experiencing insomnia after working in a mass casualty incident. One of the healthcare professionals wants to leave the session. Which team member is responsible for intervening in this situation?

Doorkeeper

An explosion resulted in massive injuries in a client requiring resuscitation. What is the correct sequence of actions for treating this client?

Establish a patent airway. Assess breath sounds and respiratory effort. Monitor vital signs. Evaluate the client's level of consciousness.

Which action, if performed by the nurse, is inappropriate while caring for different clients after a disaster?

Evacuating injured and uninjured people from a danger area

The disaster management team is working to manage the aftermath of an accidental explosion in a fertilizer plant and has started evacuating the injured and uninjured victims from danger as first line of action. Which team member most likely engages in this action?

Firefighter

A hospital in an urban setting is located on two rivers which are spanned by several bridges. Resources arrive to this community via commercial trains or airplanes. Which credible threats should this hospital prepare for when constructing the emergency preparedness plan? Select all that apply.

Floods Bridge collapses Boating accidents Train derailments

A nurse is inserting a gastric tube and arranging for diagnostic studies for a client who sustained injuries after a bus accident. Which type of emergency assessment is being performed?

Focused adjuncts

Which client injury would receive a black tag by the triage nurse during a mass casualty incident?

Full-thickness body burns 80% total body surface area (TBSA)

Which color tagged clients usually make up the greatest number in most large-scale multi-casualty situations, based on the disaster triage tag system?

Green

What does the registered nurse consider to be the roles and functions of a medical command physician during implementation of an emergency preparedness and response plan? Select all that apply.

Identifying the need for and calling in specialty trained providers Determining the clients who require a higher level of care and relocating them

The nurse is implementing measures to reorient a confused client post earthquake and suggests that a family member accompany the client. Which safety consideration is the nurse demonstrating?

Injury prevention for clients

Which aspect of client tracking using radiofrequency technology (RFT) does the nurse recognize as a major safety strategy of the emergency department (ED) to prevent potentially disastrous consequences in the hospital?

Interactions between client and caregiver

What should the nurse educator emphasize when teaching about mass casualty incidents (MCIs)? Select all that apply.

Involves large numbers of victims Can be from man-made or natural causes Causes permanent changes in a community Overwhelms a community's ability to respond with resources

Which amount of time is appropriate for a nurse to spend triaging each client during a mass casualty incident?

Less than 15 seconds

A client was severely injured in a bomb blast. To which level trauma center would the nurse recommend the client be sent to provide initial stabilization efforts?

Level III

A nurse, while caring for a client who survived an earthquake, plans to shift the client to the trauma center. The client is found to have multiple injuries and requires stabilization. What trauma center level is appropriate for the client?

Level III

While the nurse was caring for a client with chemical burns after a factory explosion, there was increased edema in the surrounding tissues. What might have led to increased edema?

Lowering burned limbs below the heart

The healthcare team member working at an emergency operation center (EOC) during a mass casualty swine flu outbreak has identified the need to call the infectious disease physician. Which healthcare personnel is responsible for calling the infectious disease physician?

Medical command physician

While caring for victims of a hurricane, a nurse is teaching hygiene practices and symptoms of various infections. Which phase of disaster management is the nurse executing?

Mitigation

What areas should the nurse keep in mind when participating in the planning of an organization's emergency preparedness plan? Select all that apply.

Needs for security Staffing for surge situations Methods of communication Definition of specific nursing roles

Which threats, included in the term "NBC", lead to the implementation of improved emergency medical services (EMS) and hospital safety programs? Select all that apply.

Nuclear Biologic Chemical

A nurse manager is evaluating the effectiveness of a disaster drill during which nurses were sent from their usual assignments to the emergency department. Which criterion should be used for the nurse manager to evaluate care during the disaster drill?

Nurse-to-client ratio on units

Which effect is seen in clients exposed to sarin?

Paralysis of respiratory muscles

Which agents of bioterrorism can be treated effectively with antibiotics? Select all that apply.

Plague Anthrax Tularemia

What is the correct order of phases in a disaster management plan?

Preparedness Mitigation Response Recovery Evaluation

During a critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) session conducted by the nurse for clients affected by a natural disaster, a client says, "The worst thing that happened on that day was that my child was severely injured and I was not in a position to help. I would like to forget that day as soon as possible. It was the most painful experience of my life." Which phase of CISD does this indicate?

Reaction phase

The nurse is conducting triage under mass casualty conditions. Which tag should the nurse use for a client who is experiencing hypovolemic shock due to a penetrating wound?

Red

A group of clients who were in a bus accident is admitted to the emergency department with injuries. Which group is considered urgent according to the three-tier triage system?

Severe abdominal pain

The nurse is administering vaccines following an episode of pandemic influenza. Which entity should the nurse consult as being ultimately responsible for the implementation of the plan?

State officials

What is the role of the federal government in emergency preparedness?

Stockpiles critical equipment

The nurse is caring for victims of a biologic terrorism incident that has caused them to develop hemorrhagic fever. What does the nurse know about the treatment of this condition?

There is no established treatment for this condition.

After a bomb blast in a city, why would the federal government send the Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) to the site?

To establish first aid stations or special-needs shelters

What items should the nurse instruct community members to include in a personal preparedness bag? Select all that apply.

Toiletries Cell phone and charger Three-day supply of clothing Three-day supply of non-perishable food items

While caring for survivors of a massive tsunami, the nurse makes an initial assessment of a client's condition and assigns a yellow tag. What is the likely role of the nurse?

Triage officer

The registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about preparedness when responding to a fire in the healthcare facility. Which statements made by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching? Select all that apply.

"I will endanger myself while moving and protecting the clients from the fire." "I will continue to provide oxygen to the clients that can breathe on their own."

A registered nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about concepts of triage in a mass casualty incident. Which statement of the student nurse indicates effective learning?

"I will issue a green tag to class III, nonurgent clients."

The nurse is performing peritoneal lavage on a client who is hypothermic, as a surface rewarming measure. What is the highest temperature up to which the fluid can be heated?

113° F (45°C)

The victims of a natural disaster are brought to the emergency department and found to be suffering from hypothermia. What is most likely to be the core body temperature of the hypothermic victim in whom shivering is diminished or absent?

82.4° F (28°C)

The nurse is caring for the victims of a natural disaster who are suffering from hypothermia. Which is most likely to be the core body temperature of the client with moderate hypothermia?

89.6° F (32°C)

At which body temperature does the blood pressure of a victim of hypothermia become obtainable only by Doppler?

91.4° F (33°C)

The nurse is caring for the victims of a snowstorm who have been exposed to cold temperatures. Which clients are at a high risk of sustaining cold injuries? Select all that apply.

A client who is hypoglycemic A client who is on opioid medication A client who has been a heavy smoker for years

A diabetic client survives a fire. The client has a head injury, tachycardia, and pale and ashen-colored skin. Which primary interventions should the nurse perform? Select all that apply.

Administering cool intravenous fluids Placing the client in a cool environment Managing and maintaining airway, breathing, and circulation

Which factors affect the stress that first responders feel after a mass casualty incident (MCI)? Select all that apply.

Age Nature of event Coping mechanisms Psychologic history

Which emergency response team helps set up shelters for victims who lost their homes due to a disaster?

American Red Cross

Which emergency response team is involved in emotional recovery of victims after a disaster?

American Red Cross

For which threats would a healthcare organization routinely plan hazardous materials training? Select all that apply.

Anthrax exposure Pesticide plant leak Nuclear reaction explosion

What is the function of the medical command physician with respect to the emergency preparedness and response plan for clients after a natural disaster? Select all that apply.

Anticipates the number of clients Checks the resource needs for clients

The survivors of an explosion develop heat stroke. Which intervention should be performed by the nurse on the disaster management team?

Apply ice packs on the client's scalp.

What is the function of the hospital incident commander in a mass casualty event?

Assuming leadership for implementing the emergency plan

Which medication should be listed as the antidote to a nerve agent in the disaster plan for a terrorist attack?

Atropine

A hospital located near a major earthquake fault line has set an organizational goal to participate in emergency management of disasters. What do the employees of this hospital need to do before being recognized by the National Incident Management System (NIMS)?

Attend training on the incident command system

The nurse finds that some clients have extensive full-thickness body burns and severe head trauma after an apartment building fire. The nurse also finds that these clients require mechanical ventilator for survival. Which disaster triage tag does the nurse applies to this group of clients?

Black

Which are the most common types of injuries that should be identified along with treatment options in an organizational disaster plan for the use of explosive devices as agents of terrorism? Select all that apply.

Blast Crush Penetration

The nurse is learning about the types of injuries caused by explosive devices used as agents of terrorism. Which statement about the injuries caused by explosive devices does the nurse know to be true?

Blast injuries primarily damage the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

A team is sent to care for earthquake victims. Which basic professional certification is most desirable in the nurse to become the member of this team?

Certification in Emergency Care

Which certification course may be an elective for a nurse qualified to care for clients in a disaster-related emergency situation?

Certified Emergency Nurse (CEN)

The nurse is caring for clients who were brought to the hospital following a large-scale disaster. Which client would be suitable for the nurse to triage with a "green" tag?

Client who is injured but is able to ambulate

The federal government established the Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) to collaborate with other disaster management teams to triage clients after a terrorist attack. Which client care would not be handled by the MRC?

Client with head injury

The nurse is caring for different clients who were affected by a gas explosion. For which client should the nurse provide treatment immediately?

Client with unstable vital signs

After an earthquake, the emergency medical service (EMS) providers' team is performing triage functions in the field. How would the nurse describe how the EMS teams categorize the triage of clients? Select all that apply.

Clients are assigned with specific numbers Clients are provided with specific colored tags

After examining victims of a mass shooting in an emergency department, the nurse believes that some clients will remain in a stable condition even after delaying treatment for 3 hours. What leads the nurse to this conclusion?

Clients are issued green disaster triage tags

Which clients belong to class I according to the disaster triage tag system?

Clients who need emergency treatment

Which healthcare professional serves as the liaison between hospital administration and the media to release only appropriate and accurate information in the event of a mass casualty event or disaster?

Community relations officer

Which is the priority nursing action to include in a disaster plan for the radioactive dust and smoke that can cause illness from a radiologic dispersal device (RDD)?

Covering the nose

While managing the aftermath of a massive fire in a rural area, a physician is quickly examining clients and shifting them to urban health centers if required. What are the other duties of the physician in this role? Select all that apply.

Determining the resource needs of the clients Deciding the number and acuity of the clients

The nurse is reassessing level of consciousness and mental status in a client who survived a fire. Which type of emergency assessment of the trauma client is the nurse performing?

Disability

Which medical relief team would the nurse explain provides relief services ranging from primary healthcare and triage to evacuation and staffing to assist healthcare facilities in a massive disaster?

Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT)

Many people lost their lives in an earthquake. Which team should be mobilized to manage the deceased at the earthquake zone?

Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Teams (DMORTs)

What would the nurse explain is the action taken by the disaster management team when planning the response to reduce the spread of a smallpox pandemic?

Distribute the vaccine.

One component of a hospital disaster plan would include a workplace violence protection plan. Which unit in the hospital would be the priority for implementation and evaluation of this plan?

Emergency department

Which hospital department plays a primary role in disaster preparedness?

Emergency department

A client is admitted to the emergency department after a train derailment. The primary health care provider orders staff members to monitor vital signs, perform basic wound care, and ensure spinal immobilization. Which emergency staff member should provide this care for the client's condition?

Emergency medical technicians

The hospital management wants to prevent post-traumatic stress in the nursing staff. Which implemented strategies will be ineffective in pursuing this goal?

Encouraging the staff to work for more than 12 hours per day

The nurse is assessing a client reporting sharp abdominal pain who survived an earthquake. The client has decreased pulse pressure and level of consciousness along with cool, clammy skin and decreased urine output. Which primary interventions are most appropriate for the client? Select all that apply.

Ensuring patent airway Utilizing a non-rebreather mask Inserting indwelling urinary catheter

Which action is appropriate for a nurse who is the triage officer after a high-speed commuter train derailment?

Evaluating each client to determine priorities for treatment

The emergency room nurse is training to be a member of a direct response team to respond to community emergencies. Which new triage level would this nurse be required to learn?

Expectant

What would the nurse say is the difference between triage under usual conditions and triage under mass casualty conditions?

Expectant care

While responding to a fire in a healthcare facility, which intervention made by the facility personnel would the nurse feel is inappropriate?

Exposing themselves to risk of injury by attempting to extinguish the fire

Who should the nurse contact to receive training as a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) member?

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

Which entity is responsible for activating the disaster plan during a mass casualty incident (MCI)?

Federal emergency management agency

Which internal disaster may create a need for evacuation or relocation of clients?

Gas explosion

Which generation of nursing professionals, being exposed to both terrorism and natural disasters, should be key members for disaster planning initiatives?

Generation Y

Clients with which tag are referred to as "walking wounded" clients while managing a disaster?

Green

Which client conditions require the nurse to tag with red according to the disaster triage tag system? Select all that apply.

Hemorrhage Airway obstruction

While performing a secondary emergency assessment survey, the nurse uses the mnemonic AMPLE to determine the client's condition after a natural disaster. Which type of assessment is performed in this scenario?

History and head-to-toe assessment

Which is the facility-level organizational model for disaster management?

Hospital Incident Command System (HICS)

In a mass casualty situation, which healthcare professional can direct departments such as physical therapy or a surgical clinic to cancel their usual operations to convert the space into a minor treatment area?

Hospital Incident Commander

A group of clients injured in a bus accident are admitted into an emergency unit. Which personnel should the nurse refer to for implementing the emergency plan?

Hospital incident commander

When a fire started in a healthcare setting, the charge nurse was instructed to take the responsibility of implementing a fire alarm evacuation policy. What is the role of the person that gave the nurse the instructions?

Hospital incident commander

The nurse is categorizing victims of hypothermia as having mild, moderate, and severe hypothermia. Which assessment findings will help the nurse identify the clients with moderate hypothermia? Select all that apply.

Hypovolemia Respiratory acidosis

What is the priority in preparing health care professionals for any type of disaster?

Identification of hazards

A green-tagged client arrives at the emergency department (ED) after a mass casualty incident (MCI) involving radiation. Which is the priority nursing action for this client?

Implementing decontamination measures

Which intervention is a part of the response phase of disaster planning?

Implementing the disaster plan

Which statement by the registered nurse is true regarding the mitigation phase of disaster management?

It is a process of minimizing of the disaster's influence on human health and community.

Which functional level of trauma center is involved in providing a full continuum of trauma services?

Level 1

What would be the level of the client with a hip fracture due to a mass disaster according to the emergency service index (ESI)?

Level 3

An avalanche caused mass casualties. When taken to the nearby hospital, the health care provider provides basic trauma client stabilization and advanced life support before referring them to other trauma centers. Which level trauma center were the victims initially taken into?

Level IV

The nurse manager is designated as a unit Chief during the formulation of a Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) for disaster preparedness. Which responsibility does the nurse manager assume in this role?

Logistics and operation

The administrator of a skilled nursing facility is reviewing the organization's internal emergency management plan. Which statement best describes the goal of this plan?

Maintain client, staff, and visitor safety

Following a massive explosion, victims are brought to a nearby hospital where a physician assesses the number of clients admitted and determines the resources needed to provide effective treatment. What is the role of this physician?

Medical command physician

Which personnel should the nurse state are responsible for deciding the number, acuity, and resources needed for clients during a disaster?

Medical command physician

Who undertakes the responsibility of identifying the need for and calling of different specialty-trained providers to care for clients in a disaster?

Medical command physician

Which phase in the disaster management continuum does the nurse understand as including the attempt to limit a disaster's impact on human health and community function?

Mitigation

Which phase of disaster management involves attempts to limit the disaster's impact on the population?

Mitigation

Which agency's operations would the registered nurse consider to be most in need of incident command system (ICS) training?

NIMS (National Incident Management System)

Which groups may be activated by state and federal government authorities to assist during a flooding situation that results from a hurricane? Select all that apply.

National Guard American Red Cross Medical Reserve Corps Public health departments

What criteria should a nurse manager use to determine the feasibility of altering an emergency department triage process? Select all that apply.

Need for resources Readiness of others Evaluation of risk factors

After a mass casualty event, the incident commander considers "standing down" or deactivating the emergency response plan. What considerations would the nurse expect to be taken into account by the incident commander before making this decision?

New clients are not expected to arrive at a pace that could overwhelm the emergency department.

Which colored tag has the nurse correctly identified while classifying triage care in mass casualty conditions?

Nonurgent-green tag

The nurse is preparing a care plan for maintaining safety in clients who are injured in a bomb blast. Which intervention should the nurse include in the care plan to minimize the risk for error and adverse events?

Obtaining a thorough client and family history

Which psychosocial nursing actions are appropriate when providing client care after a community disaster? Select all that apply.

Offering choices whenever possible Establishing rapport through active listening Requesting assistance from crisis counselors

Which emergency medical service (EMS) healthcare professional provides advanced life support to the clients who survived a large-scale disaster?

Paramedics

Which emergency medical system (EMS) first responders can perform triage during mass casualty incidents? Select all that apply.

Paramedics Nurses appointed to a field team

Which nursing actions contribute to a healthcare facility's emergency preparedness and response prior to a natural disaster? Select all that apply.

Participating in drills Evaluating outcomes

A client was admitted to the hospital with a direct injury to the vertebral column from a gunshot after a mass shooting. The nurse suspects a spinal cord injury. Which mechanism of injury might be the reason for the injury?

Penetrating trauma

An older client is found lying in the hospital hallway gasping for breath after a large hospital fire. The nurse observes that the client has probably sustained an unwitnessed fall, shows evidence of having a neck trauma, and is unable to speak. Which nursing interventions are most important for the nurse to perform at that moment? Select all that apply.

Performing jaw-thrust maneuver Calling out for additional code blue assistance Preparing to assist with endotracheal intubation

An administrator for a community hospital notes that actions to help with emergency room visits caused by adverse weather events have not been successful over the last few months. What should the administrator consider implementing to address ongoing issues?

Permanent quality improvement (QI) team

While assessing the airway patency of a client after a bomb blast, the nurse suspects severe brain injury and gives a score of 7 using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Which intervention is most appropriate for the client?

Preparing for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation

The disaster management team is caring for workers of a factory who survived a thermal blast. Which findings in the workers would the nurse consider as confirmation of second degree burns?

Presence of moist blebs and skin appears mottled white or pink

The terrorist attack event on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, resulted in mass casualties that led to changes in hospital and community disaster planning efforts. What would the nurse say was the impact of this technological external disaster on the emergency medical services (EMS) for improving the safety of the public? Select all that apply.

Providing routine training to facility staff about hazardous materials Upgrading decontamination facilities and equipment to protect staff Developing approaches for preparedness to nuclear, biologic, chemical (NBC) threats

After a large-scale disaster event, a client reports a feeling of numbness for 1 month. On assessment, the nurse notes a high score of all subscales of the impact of event scale—revised (IES-R) tool. Which healthcare professional should the nurse refer the client to for further evaluation?

Psychiatrist

A group of clients injured in a cyclone are admitted to an emergency department. The hospital management wants to caution people living in those areas through radio and news and notify other healthcare facilities. Which personnel would the nurse consider are appropriate in this situation?

Public information officer

Which team member acts as a liaison between the health care facility and the media?

Public information officer

While caring for an 8-year-old victim of an earthquake, the nurse finds that the child has trouble sleeping, startles easily, and experiences "flashbacks" of the disaster. What is the appropriate nursing intervention in this situation?

Referring the child to a clinical psychologist

A disaster management team is planning a protocol for survivors of a winter storm who present with frostbite. How would the nurse order the interventions in the protocol?

Remove the victim from the cold environment. Immerse the feet in warm water. Give pain medication. Apply sterile and loose dressings.

The emergency department nurses are caring for a group of clients injured in a community disaster. Which action of the nurse needs correction?

Removing people from danger

Which would the registered nurse say is the priority action of first responders after a community disaster?

Removing the victims from danger

A nurse, while assessing different survivors of a tornado, assigns a red tag to a client. What could be the casualty condition of the client?

Requires emergent treatment, threat to life

In a health care system, the nurse is planning management of a disaster that involves second order change. Which type of change would characterize this disaster? Select all that apply.

Revolutionary and episodic change Change requiring radical adjustments in a person or in the structure of the system

A client is admitted to an emergency unit after a factory explosion. The nurse is obtaining the client's family history and checking for a medical alert bracelet. Which safety consideration is the nurse following?

Risk for errors and adverse events

The nursing student is learning about submersion injuries. Which component of sea water does the nurse know to be responsible for making it hypertonic compared to body fluids?

Salt

The victims of a terrorist attack involving sarin are brought to the emergency department. Which statement does the nurse know to be true regarding the characteristics of sarin?

Sarin can cause death within minutes of exposure.

Following a fire, the disaster management team assesses burn injuries of the survivors. The team finds that most survivors have pink to cherry red skin with blisters. Which type of burns does the nurse identify on the survivors?

Second degree burns

The nurse is triaging clients who have arrived at the hospital after an explosion in a fertilizer plant. Which client conditions are categorized under class III according to the disaster triage tag system? Select all that apply.

Sprained hand Contusions on legs

The first responders rescue and bring submersion victims of a natural disaster to the emergency department. Which is an appropriate intervention for treating clients with submersion injuries?

Stabilize or immobilize cervical spine in all near-drowning victims

Hospital staff is aware of the public health department statement predicting a particularly difficult influenza season. How might this impact client care?

Staff may decide to stay at home instead of go to work

The nurse is triaging a group of clients injured in a tornado using the three-tier system. Which conditions are triaged as life-threatening conditions? Select all that apply.

Stroke Active hemorrhage Respiratory distress Chest pain with diaphoresis

What is the role of the "doorkeeper" in a critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) team?

Talking with anyone who leaves the session early in an effort to have him or her return or accept follow-up

Which situation does not cover nurses who respond to a mass casualty incident (MCI) for malpractice or negligent lawsuits under the Good Samaritan Act?

Terrorist act

Hospital administrators for a new facility are formulating a fire evacuation plan as part of the organizational disaster plan. Which is the best resource for the administrators to use during this process?

The Life Safety Code®

The nurse finds a green triage tag on a client. What does the nurse infer from this finding?

The client belongs to class III.

The victims of a large scale disaster are brought to the hospital for treatment. The nurse notices that the mass casualty response team field has tagged a client with a green tag. How much time does the nurse have before it becomes imperative to begin the client's treatment?

The client can be treated after three hours.

The triage nurse assigns a red tag to a client who has been brought in following a massive earthquake in the region. Which statement best describes the client's condition?

The client has an immediate threat to life.

A client who is admitted to the emergency department could not get treatment on time due to an internal disaster. What might be the possible reason for this situation?

The specialist arrived late due to lack of communication because of a damaged telephone system in hospital.

The charge nurse is preparing for the arrival of clients to the emergency department (ED) after a mass casualty incident (MCI). The hospital has an automatic tracking system that is implemented during MCIs. Which decision should the nurse use the system for during this MCI?

To determine how many casualties of each acuity level can be safety accepted

The registered nurse is appointed as a triage officer of the disaster management team. What would be the responsibility of the nurse as a triage officer?

To determine the priority of treatment for clients

What are the functions of the Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) in disaster management? Select all that apply.

To standardize disaster operations To establish an emergency operations center (EOC)

The emergency operation center is triaging a group of clients who have been injured during a major earthquake. Which healthcare personnel are required to work with the emergency operation center to organize nursing services? Select all that apply.

Trauma program manager Emergency department charge nurse

Which nursing actions during a mass casualty incident should be included in the triage portion of an organizational disaster plan? Select all that apply.

Treatment Stabilization Decontamination for suspected contamination

Which individuals will the emergency department (ED) charge nurse collaborate with during an actual disaster to organize nursing and ancillary services to meet client needs? Select all that apply.

Triage officer Trauma program manager Medical command physician

The nurse manager is reviewing the hospital disaster plan with other members of the committee. Which is the minimum number of disaster drills the committee must plan and implement each year?

Two

If the military system of triage is being used to triage victims of a manufacturing plant explosion, which client would be identified as class IV?

Victim bleeding from a jugular vein wound with a respiratory rate of 6 per minute

Which public health risk became a major focus for hospitals after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks?

Weapons of mass destruction (WMD)

The nurse is caring for the survivors of a disaster. Which tag would be assigned to a client who has an open fracture with a distal pulse?

Yellow